Sergei Diaghilev: yonena, moyo, zithunzi

Monga mukudziwa, chiyambi cha m'ma 20 inali nthawi ya kupambana kwa Russian kuvina mu dziko, ndipo ichi kwambiri mtengo wa Sergeya Dyagileva. pamoyo wake zimachitika kwambiri nkhani ya zokambirana mkangano m'deralo. Komabe, munthu yemwe anamanga ntchito wazamalonda ku Mulingo wa luso, akhululukidwa chinachake chimene ena ambiri akanachititsa kuwapatula.

Mwachidule yonena Sergeya Dyagileva: ubwana ndi unyamata wake

Tsogolo kulinganiza za "Nyengo Russian" anabadwa March 19, 1872 m'mudzi wa chigawo Selishchi Novgorod m'banja zabwino. mayi ake, mnyamata sanakumbukire monga iye anamwalira patapita nthawi yochepa kubadwa kwake. Sergei anatenga maphunziro a ondipeza wamng'ono, yemwe anali wophunzira ndiponso wanzeru mkazi.

awisi anali usilikali, ndipo wakhala pafupipafupi kusuntha ndi malo malinga ndi utumiki wake banja Diaghilev yaukapolo. Nditamaliza sukulu ku sekondale mu Perm mu 1890 Sergei Diaghilev anapita ku St. Petersburg, nalowa lamulo luso. Mu yomweyi, anaphunzira nyimbo pa Rimsky-Korsakov.

Kuyambira 1896 mpaka 1899

Sergei Diaghilev maphunziro maphunziro a ku yunivesite, koma loya kwa izo sizinachitike mu chaka cha 1896. Komabe, posakhalitsa zinadziwika mu St. Petersburg monga m'modzi wa omwe adayambitsa wa magazini luso la Russia woyamba "World wa Art" kugwirizanitsa Vrubel, Serov, Levitan ndi ena. M'kupita kwa nthawi, Sergei Diaghilev ndi abwenzi okonda wapafupi nzeru wake ndi D. A. N. Benua bungwe zisudzo angapo. Makamaka, ndi bwino unachitikira kwambiri screenings ntchito ya watercolors German (mu 1897), zojambula aluso Scandinavia, zojambula aluso Russian ndi Chifinishi pa Museum wa Stieglitz (mu chaka cha 1898) ndi ena.

Utumiki wothandiza

Mu 1899 mkulu wa Theaters Imperial S. Volkonsky Sergeya Dyagileva aikidwa pa udindo wa kapitawo pa wapadera. Komanso anapatsidwa ndi kusintha mabuku a pachaka, chiyeretso ntchito za bungwe la. Diaghilev zimapangitsa magazini mu upscale luso kope, ndipo amachititsa ntchito pa Imperial Theatre Vasnetsov, A. Benoit, L. Bakst, Alexander Serov, Konstantin Korovin ndi ena. Komabe, mogwirizana ndi Volkonski itha wokongola msanga, monga Sergei Diaghilev ndi kusagwirizana ndi mabwana ake mu njira yokonza ndi kuvina "Sylvia". Kuwonjezera apo, chimachitika chowawa wotchedwa Dmitry Filosofov kusiyana, amene amayamba ndi Zinaida Gippius. Chifukwa, Diaghilev wasankha kutsirizitsa kukhalako kwa "World wa Art" ndi akuchoka St. Petersburg mu 1904.

"Russian Nyengo"

Chikhalidwe yogwira Sergeya Dyagileva ndi kulankhulana zojambulajambula kumulola mu 1908 bungwe chionetsero mu Paris Russian sewero la "Boris Godunov" ndi Mussorgsky, "Ruslan ndi Ludmilla" ndi Glinka neri Al., Amene anali ndi kupambana yaikulu.

Chaka chotsatira, mu 1909, nakhala woyamba "Russian Nyengo" mu Paris, yemwe anakhala chochitika chosangalatsa pa zachikhalidwe cha Ulaya yense. Sergeya Dyagileva Ballets anaona London, Rome, ndipo ngakhale mu United States. Latha kuvina "Nyengo" atatsala pang'ono First World nkhondo, kenako munthu wina wodziwa bizinesi kwambiri waganiza kusiya dziko mpaka kalekale.

"Russian Ballet"

Zochokera ku New York, kumene iye anali kukumbukira atsopano a zisudzo ndi nawo Anna Pavlova, Vatslava Nizhinskogo ndi ovina ena otchuka ndi ovina Sergei Diaghilev anakonza gululo mpaka kalekale. Iye anali kudziŵika kuti "Russian Ballet" ndipo zinatha mpaka 1929. Nthawi imeneyi, Diaghilev Zinali zovuta kudutsa kusiya Vatslavom Nizhinskim, amene anali chinthu zowawa zake amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kwa zaka zambiri. Analephera wokonda iye ukwati chinsinsi ndi Romania ballerina Romola Pula, iye anayamba kucheza ndi Mihailom Fokinym. Last analenga iye ballets ake abwino kuti akhala zapamwamba za luso kuvina.

Zaka zomalizira za moyo wake

Sergei Diaghilev (onani chithunzi. Pamwamba) nthawi zonse kwambiri za thanzi lanu. Mu 1921 iye anapezeka ndi matenda a shuga. Choncho Diaghilev nkomwe kusunga malangizo a madotolo ndi sanalekerere yekha, kupita pa ulendo yotopetsa. Popeza 1927, iye anayamba abrasions amphamvu. Akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti anali mmodzi mwa maonekedwe a AIDS, omwe mwina anavutika Diaghilev. Masiku amenewo, mankhwala kulibe, ndi mmenenso kukhalapo kwa foci angapo matenda purulent kutanthauza kuopseza mwachindunji moyo. Kenako Diaghilev ananyalanyaza malamulo dokotala ndipo ananyamuka pamodzi ndi gululo wake pa ulendo monga kupita kwa Berlin, Cologne, Paris ndi London. Mu likulu British, madokotala anamulangiza kuti alandire chithandizo madzi ikukhudzana koma m'malo munthu wina wodziwa bizinesi kwambiri, anapita Baden-Baden kukambirana ndi kuvina latsopano ndi Hindemith, ndiyeno anapita ku Munich ndi Salzburg kumvera Mozart ndi Wagner. Kumverera poipa, anaganiza nthawi yocheza ku Venice.

imfa

Sergei Diaghilev, amene yonena ndi inextricably zogwirizana ndi mbiri Russian kuvina pa kotala zoyambirira za m'ma 20, anafika ku Venice August 8, 1929. Madokotala kwasonyeza kuti chifukwa abscess anayamba septicemia. Patapita masiku 4, iye anatenga mphasa yake, koma anapitiriza kukonza tsogolo. August 18, Diaghilev anatenga mgonero, ndipo anafa mmawa wotsatira popanda ayambirenso kutsitsimuka.

Ukatha msonkhano, thupi lake anasamukira ku chilumba cha San Michele, ndipo anaikidwa m'manda mu Orthodox gawo la manda.

Personal moyo Sergeya Dyagileva

Monga tanenera kale, munthu wina wodziwa bizinesi odziwika bwino kuyambira ali anasonyeza zizolowezi wotero. chikondi chake choyamba chinali msuweni Dmitriy Filosofov, ndi amene anayambitsa "World wa Art" ndipo, monga anganene lero, chinkhoswe mu Kukwezeleza luso Russian. Kenako, panali mphekesera zoti chifukwa kuchotsedwa ochitira masewero Imperial anayamba kucheza ndi Vatslavom Nizhinskim, iye sanaganize kubisala. Yotsatira, amene anapambana mitima ya Diaghilev anali mnyamata wovina Leonid Massine, amene analola chikondi chifukwa cha ntchito, ndipo izi zinatheka. Komabe, ukwati wake Vera Savina kuthetsa ubale kuvina nyenyezi ndi woyang'anira wake. Pambuyo Diaghilev mobwerezabwereza anabweretsa pafupi kwa anyamata ake, amene anathandiza mu njira iliyonse kuti ntchito yapamwamba. Makamaka, motero akwaniritsa kutchuka Serge Lifar ndi Anton Dolin, mu nkhani iyi oyamba, panali nkhani yomwe iye mosatsata mathanyula wake, ndi chikondi cha mbuye anakhalabe Plato. Chirichonse chimene icho chinali, chifukwa cha zilakolako izi anabadwa ballets angapo otchuka nyimbo ndi Stravinsky ndi Balanchine ndi Rouault.

Tsopano inu mukudziwa amene anali Sergei Diaghilev. Wambiri, moyo komanso mabuku a wotchuka Russian wazamalonda zambiri anakhala nkhani zokambirana ndi chilango. Komabe, palibe amene angatsutse udindo wake kwambiri mu kukula kwa Russian ndi dziko kuvina.