Russian odula manja ndi mbendera. Kodi mbendera Russian? Russian odula manja - Photo

Boma odula manja ndi mbendera ya Russia mwalamulo ndi wotetezedwa mwa lamulo Federal Constitution la Russian Federation nambala 2 ndipo nambala 1 FCL FCL December 25, 2000 ndi kusainidwa ndi Pulezidenti Putina V. V. Koma ngakhale pamaso anali ovomerezeka ndi nthambi za: 22.08.1991 Waukulu Commission wa bungwe Supreme RSFSR Analeredwa monga mbendera ya Russia woyera-buluu wofiira galu. November 30, 1993 Pulezidenti Watsimikiza Russia anali anabwerera malaya ake mbiri ya manja - mitu iwiri mphungu.

Mu latsopano Zakachikwi, Russia alowa mbiri wobwezeretsedwa ndi institutionalized zizindikiro boma chikhalidwe ... Iwo pogwirizanitsa mtundu, maonekedwe ulamuliro ndi kukhulupirika ku mwambo mbiri. Nthawiyi, maonekedwe awo ndi malamulo okhwima okhudza ndipo anafotokoza mu malamulo tatchulawa.

Russian statehood zizindikiro: chovala manja ndi mbendera

Maonekedwe a chovala manja ndi mbendera ya Russia, anafotokoza m'nkhani yoyambirira ya malamulo pamwamba malamulo. Wamkulu Koposa ukufanizidwa ndi wofiira heraldic chizindikiro quadrangular chishango, m'mbali m'munsi mwa amene adzakhale ndi malo anatchulidwa kunsi. chishango amasonyeza golide awiri mutu mphungu mapiko ake. Aliyense wa mutu wake korona korona yaing'ono, ndipo pamwamba pawo pali korona lalikulu, pamodzi ndi magulu ang'onoang'ono. Regal Russian mphungu ali ndodo ndi mphamvu. Chishango pa chifuwa chake chokongoletsedwa ndi pamahatchi siliva (Georgiya Pobedonostsa), spearing chinjoka kavalo kuponderezedwa.

Russian mbendera ankaimira amakona anayi nsalu (chiŵerengero cha kutalika kwa m'lifupi chiŵerengero - awiri kapena atatu), imakhala magulu atatu yopingasa kukula wofanana. Kuti awo (mtundu): woyera, buluu, wofiira.

The lamulo la ntchito choyimira ndi mbendera ya Russia

Malamulo yokhala amasonyeza kuchuluka kwa ntchito choyimira ndi mbendera ya Russia. Iwo anayikidwa pa apamwamba nyumba za boma ulamuliro: okhala ndi mutsogoleli wa boma latsopano la Russia, Council Federation, State Duma, mabwalo - Constitutional, Supreme, Supreme chigamulo. Russian odula manja ndi mbendera ntchito zopezera lonse wa boma mu Russia, kuphatikizapo mabungwe yazamalamulo. The tchuti lamanja azikongoletsa nyumba zawo ndi mbendera napatsa anthu a Russia.

Atatu Russian boma zizindikiro (mbendera, nyimbo) ndi mtundu wa wa ku kupangidwa ndi cha m'ma XIX. Kwambiri imafika mbiri ilo likutchedwa ndondomeko ya kulenga National chizindikiro. Kumene, ikuimira Russian analengedwa panthawi zosiyanasiyana, omwe wasiya chizindikiro chake. Choncho, yang'anirani zinthu za malaya athu mmikono zinachitika kalelo (monga ife ifotokoza patapita). Mukhozanso kukambirana za wakale Russian kulenga ndondomeko ya kulenga Flag National kumene kunachitika mu Ages Middle. Zokha mwa zosiyanasiyana mitundu kusankha anthu umboniyo kuti umembala wa Russia, za kuchuluka kwa zinthu likutipatsa kwa anthu amene "amamatira ku moyo" kwa anthu Russian.

Heraldic mitu iwiri mphungu, amene anali ngati maziko chilengedwe chake, anaonekera mu Ages Middle.

Kawiri mutu mphungu. Russian odula manja - chopangidwa ndi gulu wakale fuko

Kodi tinakwera mitu iwiri mphungu, amene ali chiyambi chake chizindikiro cha Russia? amachita chiani? The kuyankha mafunso amenewa akhoza kukupatsani, mbiri mwina. mwambo wina ku Plato anapita, amati chibadidwe Atlanta, mapiko kucheza ndi umulungu. Mphungu mwa magulu ambiri akale mitundu wakhala kutanthauziridwa monga chizindikiro cha moyo wosatha, mphamvu ndi mosaopa. Pawiri mutu chiwombankhanga chizindikiro cha awiri nzeru, kudziwiratu, ubwino.

Lingaliro la kulenga chophiphiritsa mu mawonekedwe a mbalame zatchulidwazi unachokera mu Asia Minor, chifukwa 2-3 zaka chikwi BC. e. Ndi BC XIII atumwi. e. Rock monga mitu iwiri mphungu, analengedwa ndi Ahiti.

Kawiri mutu mphungu mu Lazaro wakale '

Mu 1472, pambuyo ukwati wachifumu Ivan III ndi mphwanga wa otsiriza Byzantine mfumu Constantine Paleologos XII, Sofiey Paleolog, mfumu Russian kulandira ntchito mitu iwiri korona mphungu monga generic chizindikiro. Ndipotu Moscow monarchical mphamvu wobwezera wolowa mutu wa East wa Orthodox, mfumu Byzantine.

Kuyambira pamenepo, mphungu mitu iwiri anaonekera pa masitampu wa Russian Tsar, kufanizira apamwamba boma ulamuliro.

Iye akadali anabala nkhope masiku ano Russian odula manja: mapiko zasiyidwa, nthenga ndi fluffed ndi milomoyo anatseka akatero mphungu chosowacho. Atamasulidwa ku Chitata goli, pamene John Mfumu III, mapiko a chiwombankhanga aukitsidwa. Odula manja imakongoletsa nyumba pagulu.

Pambuyo kulanda mphamvu kwa mwana wake, Vasily III wa, mphungu milomoyo lotseguka. Zimenezi yaing'ono amagwirizana ndi mfundo yakuti kusinthika Russia a mu malo a ziphunzitso ndi kukula kwa uliri mphamvu. M'zaka za m'ma XIV, mu ulamuliro wa Ivan IV m'khutu (mwana wake Vasily III), onse Russian khalidwe - pawiri mutu mphungu ndi pamahatchi kukwapula chinjoka - potsiriza ogwirizana. Georgiya Pobedonostsa anafotokoza pamaso kuloŵa Russian Astrakhan ndi Kazan maufumu Siberia.

Monga mukuonera, heraldry akufotokozera pang'onopang'ono, kwa zaka zambiri, kwenikweni chojambula State chizindikiro cha Russia. Ndi kudza kwa ulamuliro Mihaila Fedorovicha Romanova (1613), lomwe amalembedwa mtendere chikhalidwe ndi kulemera, pali korona lachitatu - chizindikiro cha Utatu Woyera. Heraldic mphungu mapiko zinachitika mochititsa kaso. Malongosoledwe a otsiriza: Ufumu Russian anali ogwirizana boma kucheza.

Alexei Mikhailovich mu 1667 legitimizes alipo choyimira dziko. Ndi iye mu ukapolo wa mbalame achifumu anaonekera ndodo ndi orb kuimira mawu mtheradi ku Russia chipangizo monarchical.

Petulo ine Nicholas I

Kuyambira 1682 Russia malamulo ndipo munthu kwambiri yogwira, wokonzanso kwambiri ndi Autocrat wa Petr Veliky. Pamene ikulowera mphungu anatembenuka ndi golide wakuda (womwe ndi malamulo a heraldry). October 22, 1721 Peter Ine anatenga mutu wa Mfumu (asanafike Russia ankalamulidwa ndi mafumu). Izi kwakhudza chovala zida: korona wachifumu zitsulo (m'malo mfumu). Kufalitsidwa mapiko a chiwombankhanga chokongoletsedwa ndi zishango ndi mikono ya Mafumu ndi Grand Duchy. Peter Ine kulumikiza akorona atatu Andreev buluu riboni.

The yochepa ulamuliro wa Paulo I (kuchokera 1796 mpaka 1901.) Anali ndi odula lalikulu la manja la Russia (chithunzi Ufumuyo). Mfumu korona wachifumu mbalame Order cha Melita, koma kusintha sanakakhale. Sangasangalale ndi khama la Alexander I kutsegula nthenga, asymmetrically linapendekeka mutu, m'malo ndodo ndi orb ndi mphezi Perun.

Anabwerera chovala manja mbali tingachipeze powerenga ophatikizidwa Peter Wamkulu, lolimba ndiponso wamphamvu Mfumu Nicholas I. Russia Odula a Zida (chithunzi pansipa) amakhalanso laconic ndi okhwima heraldic umboni. Black awiri mutu mbalame ndi mapiko ake kufalitsidwa anagula mbali yakale.

Mgwirizano wa boma heraldry

Kutha kwa ufumu ndi dongosolo lonse paphwando regressive yaikulu boma heraldry. Zoyesayesa za boma Provisional kumana pawiri mutu mphungu kanali monarsheskih analephera. Ndiye Bolsheviks m'malo wotchuka Russian odula manja pa mwini wake, si dziko. History sakhululuka ufulu amenewa, ndi zaka 83 pambuyo pake, amaponya cholakwikacho ine ... Tikuyankhula zokhudza kubwerera kwa zizindikiro boma mbiri ya pamwamba malamulo Pulezidenti ndi lamulo lalikhulu ladziko. Pansipa tikambirana chiyani adakali zikutanthauza mphungu pa chovala manja Russia.

Ena mbali ya malaya atsopano a manja Russia

Kodi lemba la masiku State chizindikiro cha Russia pamaso pa heraldry? A kutanthauzira mwamakono awiri mutu: mgwirizano wa conservatism ndi patsogolo. Ophiphiritsa kapangidwe ka mapiko: 12 nthenga pa aliyense wa iwo kusonyeza lopatulika ndi Kuyanjana pakathi pa Chitaganya cha. 3 mizere zolembera kutchula ubwino, choonadi ndi kukongola. chishango Red amagwirizana ndi mtima, ungwazi, Russian mwambo zinachitika, golide mphungu mtundu - ulemu, ulemerero ndi Umuyaya. Ndodo ndi chizindikiro cha ulamuliro ndi mphamvu - mphamvu ndi kukhulupirika. Atatu Korona tsopano anamasulira m'lingaliro boma, ngati chiyanjano cha malamulo, mabwana mphamvu milandu.

Atero iye, zakale ndi zamakono, malaya zazikulu za manja Russia, kwathunthu mu okhutira ndi kuzama kwa zomwe zili mmenemo chizindikiro cha mwambo mbiri ya mphamvu kwambiri.

Ifenso amalangiza kulabadira zinthu zina zosangalatsa wa chovala manja. Choyamba, pa ndodoyo, compressible bwino mphamvu ya chiwombankhanga izo ndi mphungu nditagwira ndodo yomweyo, etc. Mwa njira, malaya atsopano a manja akuphwanya malamulo heraldic: .. Malinga ndi iye, Georgiy Pobedonosets ali kukwera kavalo siziri zolondola, ndi lamanzere mbali.

ndalama Modern kwenikweni chovala mikono ya boma wogwirizira (ufumu wopanda makhalidwe), osati malaya atsopano a manja Russia.

Russian mtundu mbendera, a zinachitika wa Flag National

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti Ages Middle, pa nthawi imene mtundu Russian anali akuupanga, mbendera umodzi kulibe, koma panali mbendera zosiyanasiyana. Chidwi mbiri Russian mwambo: mbendera kale ntchito mtundu Russian mbendera. "Ikani" ukufalitsidwa pa mbendera Russian wofiira nsalu ndi zithunzi za oyera mtima. mbendera Red anali korona squads Veschego Olega asilikali ake mtima wa Ufumu Byzantine - Constantinople ndi squads wa Prince Svyatoslav, amene anagonjetsedwa Khazars.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba ndi mbendera wofiira ndi nkhope ya Khristu wasonkhanitsa Russia, pabwalo la asilikali lamphamvu motsogozedwa wotchedwa Dmitry Donskoy pa munda Kulikovo. Pansi pa mbendera wofiira ndi chithunzi cha Arhangela Mihaila anakweza kugalukira wotchedwa Dmitry Pozharsky. White, buluu ndi wofiira mitundu amene analipo pa "Mbendera lalikulu la" Ivana Groznogo. Mu woyera buluu zinthu ukonde anagonjetsa Siberia Ermak.

Only mu XVII m'ma mbendera analengedwa, yomwe ili ndi chida cha manja Russia. Kodi ndi kusanduka zimenezi? Tikazindikira mwapang'onopang'ono ntchito m'mbiri ya anthu Russian wa boma lake.

Mlengi wa mbendera Russian - Peter I

Iwo kokondweretsa kuti mpaka tsopano mu St. Petersburg Museum wa Navy anapitiriza woyamba Russian State mbendera ukuuluka mzinda wa 08/06/1693 dvennadtsatipushechnoy yatchi "Petr Veliky", imene mfumu anapanga ulendo mu White Sea. M'lifupi mbendera ichi - 4.6 m, kutalika - 4.3 m.

Kodi mfundo imeneyi? Madzulo a mwayekha chabe mphwayi zosayembekezereka funso Dutch injiniya Butler, amene anatsogolera pomanga bwato zatchulidwazi. Iye anafunsa (ndi kunena aziweyulira), kukulozani chombo mu madzi, zimene mfumu deigns kukweza mbendera. "Ndipo chiyani?" - zikuoneka, anaganiza kuti, Peter I. Ndipo Butler anafunsa za mbendera Dutch. Iye mofunitsitsa za dziko Tri-gulu wofiira, woyera ndi buluu mbendera.

Peter ndinaganiza ngati ine, kodi mbendera ya Russia, pamaso nkhaniyi? Nkomwe. Funso wa ku Netherlands adalowa nthawi. Wamkulu Koposa zilandiridwenso chomwecho sanali kutenga. Iye anamva osati anasintha dongosolo la mikwingwirima mbendera (woyera, buluu, wofiira), komanso n'kuikapo odula manja - chagolidi awiri mutu mphungu. Choncho panali mbendera asanakwatire lonse Russian zombo.

Pa dziko la bungwe ake zikutsimikizira chakuti chaka ulaliki choyamba, mu 1664, iye anali pa behest wa Mfumu Peter Ndinaleredwa pa ogulidwa kuchokera Dutch 44 mfuti frigate "ulosi woyera." Mu 1696, a Russian kupalasa zombo nawo Kuzinga linga Turkey la Azov, komanso opareshoni pansi pa galu mbendera (monga taonera ndi chosema Shhonebek "Jambulani la Azov"). Pali zosiyanasiyana malangizo pamanja Petra Velikogo, kusonyeza kuti galu mbendera unayamba mu Navy mfumu pakati ndi systemically.

Komabe, patapita zaka twente-faifi mu Navy anali m'malo mwa mbendera St. Andrew (paradoxical kunali lingaliro Petra Velikogo). Komabe, galu mbendera ya lingaliro linali yotheka, iye ankakonda anthu. Mu 1806, mitundu bwino nakhalanso pa mbendera ya Chirasha American Kusinthanitsa Company, iwonso mwalamulo ntchito ndi kazembe General wa Russia. Kuyesa, langwiro pamene Tsar Alexander Wachiwiri, kusankha woyera, wachikasu ndi wakuda mitundu ya anthu sanatsatire mbendera ya Russia. Mfumu Alexander III wa, kuphunzira Iganizireni Commission K. N. Poseta, anapanga kuchita anzeru - ali mtchatho mbendera ya Petro pokhala zaka ziwiri, monga State Russian.

Onani kuti ngakhale lero palibe kufotokoza boma, kutanthauza mbendera Russian. Ine ndikukhumba kuti pali anali kutanthauzira.

Mwamwayi kutanthauzira mitundu mbendera

Pachikhalidwe heraldic kutanthauzira kwa mitundu motere: kumbali m'mofunika omasukirana ndi kuwolowa manja; buluu - kuona mtima, kukhulupirika, kudzipereka; wofiira - utumiki, ndi wowolowa manja, kulimba mtima.

Mu Tsarist Russia kuti ankakhulupirira kuti mtundu woyera ndi chizindikiro cha chikhulupiriro Orthodox, buluu - achifumu mphamvu, wofiira - pa Russian anthu. Izi zinagwirizana ndi mfundo declarative ya kapangidwe atatu boma Russian: autocracy, ziphunzitso, dziko.

Panopa, pali kutanthauzira zingapo: mgwirizano wa malamulo, mabwana nthambi milandu; umodzi wa m'mbuyomu, panopa ndi m'tsogolo.

mbendera akulimbikitsidwa kupanga ake

Ife tonse tikudziwa chimene chimaoneka ngati Russian mbendera amakono (chithunzi cha chinthu ichi zizindikiro boma, ayenera kukhala bwino kwa onse popanda yekha). Koma chifukwa basi kugwiritsa ntchito mawu amenewa? Ife timati mwakamodzi kuti malamulo silitchula kusankha mithunzi ya woyera, buluu ndi wofiira mitundu. Komabe, iwo mulibe GOST R 51130-98. Malinga ndi iye, aliyense mtundu ayenera kufanana mthunzi, amene chimaonetsedwa machitidwe atatu osiyana mayiko (amatanthauza Pantone, RGB, HTML) motere:

• White (White; 255-255-255; #FFFFFF);
• Blue (286C; 0-57-166; # 0039A6);
• chofiira (485C; 213-43-30; # D52B1E).

Izi chiwembu mtundu anatsindika kutsitsimuka ndi ukulu wa mbendera Russian.

Pomaliza

Chovala manja ndi mbendera ya Russia mumtima wa ku Russia amene alidi amanyadira mbiri ya kwawo. Wamkulu Koposa zizindikiro izi Tingaone osati pa mabungwe a boma ndi maudindo akuluakulu.

Russian odula manja ndi mbendera ya anazindikira ndi mokwanira pabwino mu dziko masiku ano. Iwo amanyamula mlandu waukulu wakutemwa ndi kunyada kusonyeza ukulu wa dziko ndi mphamvu yake. zaka zoposa mazana anayi kudza makumi asanu, iwo kusunga ndi kuphatikiza mphamvu yayikulu.