Rurik: yonena obadwa kuchokera ku amafotokoza nkhani

Mmodzi wa kanjedza kwambiri enigmatic m'mbiri ya dziko lathu tate wa Old Russian boma - Prince Rurik. mbiri yake ndi zonse a masamu, mayankho omwe mbiri yakale mukusaka kwa zaka zambiri. mfundo zimene iwo tikaona makamaka amafotokoza za m'ma XII linkadziwika kuti "nthano ya makedzana Zaka". kompayila yake mwamwambo ankaona wansembe wa Kiev-Pechersk ansembe yotchedwa Nestor, canonized ndi Mpingo Orthodox pakati pa oyera.

Rurik. Wambiri, wodzala ndi mikuluwiko

Mu kutsutsana za chiyambi cha kalonga, asayansi anagawidwa m'magulu angapo. Awa makamaka kumbali ya chiyambi chake Scandinavia ndi amene Akhulupirira zinafika ku fuko la Asilavo kumadzulo - Obodrits moyo kamodzi malire m'munsi wa Elbe ndi gawo kumpoto kum'mawa kwa Saxony ano. Imodzi mwa malingaliro zomwe zili m'ma XIX, limanena kuti ndi wolamulira wamkulu wa Denmark wakale - Rorikom, anapita mpaka mu mbiri ngati ogonjetsa yoopsa ndi kudzagonjetsa madzindza mazinji.

Ndi wamba kukhulupirira kuti dziko (kapena gulu chikhalidwe), amene anabwera Rurik, ankatchedwa "Lazaro". Anatsimikiza dzina la State m'tsogolo, maziko umene iye ndiye, ndi mtundu wa anthu okhalamo. ndi mizu yosiyanasiyana ya tiers chiyani, ikhala chinsinsi lero, monga umboni wodalirika wochirikiza chiphunzitsochi ina ndi yaing'ono kwambiri. Likhoza kukhala pamlingo winawake chikhulupiriro kuti Russ anapanga nsonga analengedwa ndi boma ndi chilengedwe atangochimwa kalonga.

Kupanga boma Asilavo

History Rurik anafotokoza Nestor, limanena kuti mafuko 862, lotchedwa Chud, lonse, Krivichi ndi Ilmen Asilavo chofunitsitsa kuyeretsa lonse mayiko awo. Chifukwa chaichi, akawaitanira kulamulira iwo Varyag - adabuluka Scandinavia. Ndipo iwo kunapezeka kuti ndi lodziwika bwino Prince Rurik. yonena lake chimayamba ndi chakuti, m'mene anafika ku Novgorod ndi kukhazikitsa ulamuliro wake pamenepo, iye anali wakwanitsa kusonkhanitsa ambiri anthuwo dziko atagona pamodzi Volkhov. Kenako, anatha kulenga boma wamphamvu pa nthawi imeneyo, limodzi ndi Novgorod ndi Kievan Lazaro.

Zinsinsi kugwirizana ndi maonekedwe a Rurik ku Russia

Funso la Baibulo momwe mbiri yakale yolondola ya Atangofika ku Russia, amatchedwa "Scandinavia Kuitana", ndi nkhani ya zokambirana asayansi. Pali okayikira amene timakonda akukhulupirira kuti mfundo panali kuwukira lankhondo la Norsemen amene analanda mphamvu m'mayiko Novgorod nakhala olamulira kumeneko. Mbiri ya zaka ziwiri chabe kuvekedwa ofotokozera zinthu zimenezi mu mawonekedwe, musati mukunyoza ulemerero wa Russian dziko. Komabe, ichi ndi chimodzi mwa njira zotheka, mwamwambo, timatsatira zimene Baibulo anauyamba "nthano ya makedzana Zaka".

Nestor ananena kuti Rurik anabwera ndi abale ake wamng'ono - sineus ndi truvor, anakhala olamulira Beloozero ndi Izborsk. Komabe, patapita zaka ziwiri iwo anali atafa, ndipo mphamvu zonse zinali mu manja a tate wa Russia. Ndicho chinsinsi china - chifukwa atamwalira? Mwina imfa yawo inali zachilendo - moyo wa munthu mu masiku akale anali wamfupi, mwina iwo amati mphamvu lalikuru lomwe nkhani amakhala maliro oyambirira. Kukhala akulamulira yekha, Rurik anatumiza anyamata ake kulamulira mizinda yonse yaikulu, monga Polotsk, Rostov, Beloozero ndi ena.

chipolowe Novgorod

Limodzi la zipilala waukulu olembedwa kwa zaka za zana XVI - Nikon Chronicle (pambuyo mndandanda ndi Nestor) - limanena kuti Politika Ryurika sanali ngati anthu onse a Novgorod, ndipo iwo kamodzi ankachitika chipolowe, zimene zinayenera ntchito lankhondo yimitsira. Otchulidwa chikalata ichi ndi za kuphedwa kwa mmodzi wa instigators cha zipolowe, ndi zina Vadim Olimba Mtima.

choyamba Rurikovich

Proknyazhiv zaka seventini, woyambitsa wa Russia afa, nditakhala kuchokera mafumu zikuluzikulu, zimene analamulira mpaka cha m'ma XVI. Akaziwo anali ana aang'ono Prince Igor ros pansi pa tutelage Mnzake wapamtima atate wake, mwina wachibale - abwanamkubwa dzina lake Oleg. Zitetezedwe Mayi ake dzina - Norway Mfumukazi Efandy. Kodi ana ambiri akhala Rurik silikudziwika, koma malinga ndi mwambo wa zaka ndi olamulira onse olemera anali, monga ulamuliro, harems lonse. Choncho ana iye anali, mwinamwake, kwambiri, koma mfundo anakhalabe chimodzi chokha.

Choyamba Rurikovich anapita mu mbiri monga Kalonga wa Kiev, mwamuna wa anayambitsa Chikhristu mu Russia - Saint Mfumukazi Olga, amene analamulira pambuyo pa imfa yake. Igor anatchuka kwambiri chifukwa ntchito imene ambiri ankhondo, mmodzi wa amene anafika Byzantium Komabe, pa izi mafuno abwino anam'thaŵa mu 944, ndipo agonjetsedwa. Igor anamwalira chaka chotsatira, kusonkhanitsa msonkho mafuko kumugonjera. Gulu lina la iwo - drevlyans - anakwiya wokwera kulanda, kupha retinue a kalonga, ndipo iye anaperekedwa ndi imfa yotereyi.

Nthawi ya Rurik - poyambira wa mbiri Russian

Mu masiku akale ambiri mwayi adventurers Scandinavia anali kufunafuna chimwemwe yaikulu m'mayiko Russian. Iwo amakopeka ndi wofunitsitsa ludzu patsogolo. Patapita zaka kukumbukira iwo achotsa kwa masamba a mbiriyakale, kusiya yekha mayina a anthu ndi mphamvu zapadera State, amene anali Rurik.

mbiri yake ndi zonse zopelekedwa amafotokoza, ndi mafotokozedwe a ndakatulo. M'zaka zaposachedwapa pakhala chidwi m'mbuyomu a Mama wathu ndi miyoyo ya anthu amene maina awo inextricably zogwirizana naye m'dziko. Pakati pawo malo apadera wotanganidwa ndi Rurik.

Mu ulamuliro wake, anakhala poyambira wa mbiri Russian, kotero zonse mogwirizana ndi zimenezi, wokondedwa aliyense patriot dziko lathu.