Repin: sakhalitsa zambiri mbiri. Kumasulira kwa ntchito zina

Ndi zovuta kuti agwirizane mu lemba wothinikizidwa ndi zaka 86, amene anakhala zovuta Ilya Efimovich Repin. Wambiri mwachidule ndondomeko zitha lili ndi yachitika yaikulu ya moyo wake kovuta, olemera ndi kulenga zinthu zokondweretsa Yehova. Katswiri amene amasonyeza moyo weniweni, zinali kwambiri. zoyesayesa awiri kukhazikitsa banja, munthu chikondi unrequited kucheza ndi anthu otchuka nthawi yake komanso akhama - ndizo zonse zimene zinachitika munthu ngati Repin. Short yonena (chithunzi zaka 30 asanafe, amasonyeza ansangala ndi maso komanso okonda kusangalala) Adzaperekedwa pansipa.

Childhood ndi unyamata

Ilya Repin anabadwa mu Ukraine mu 1844 ndi moyo wonse kukonda dziko kwawo. Mu banja la msilikali anali mayi ambiri ophunzira, amene anaphunzitsa ana kuwerenga iwo Pushkin, Lermontov, V. Zhukovsky. Msuweni pamaso pa Ilya yaing'ono utoto watercolor fano la zilembo, ndipo anakhala ndi moyo. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, mwana sakudziwa mpumulo. Ndipo atakula, tidafika ku famu amisiri, kenako anamva kuti ku St. Petersburg pali Academy, kumene iwo amaphunzitsa pa aluso. Ndipo m'mene anasonkhanitsa ndalama zonse zimene zinatsala kulemba mafano, ndinapita ku likulu. Choncho inatha ubwana wanga, pamene iye anasiya nyumba zawo Repin. Short yonena limatiuza kuti anayamba zonse za unyamata chiyembekezo.

Mu St. Petersburg

Nelaskovo zinatengera likulu mu 1863. Pa Academy, popeza linali lachilendo njira zojambula, iye sanali anavomera. Koma Repin anapita kujambula sukulu, kupita theka njala kukhalapo, ndipo posakhalitsa loto lake anakwaniritsidwa - anali kuphunzira pa Academy. Munthu woyamba anaona anali V. Polenov, komanso wotsutsa aakulu Stasov, amene kenako Ilya Repin adzakhala mabwenzi moyo. zaka 8 Patapita maphunziro Academy ndi n'kulandira mendulo ya golidi, ngakhale pabanja, anali ndi ana ndi banja, monga pensioner wa Academy, anapita ku Ulaya. Chifukwa cha ntchito yake "Sadko", zinalembedwa Paris, analandira udindo wa Academician Repin. Short mbiri amatiuza kuti kumeneko anachita chidwi ndi chithunzi Manet.

chithunzi mbiri

si bwino kwambiri "Mfumukazi Sophia" linalembedwa ndi woyamba kunyumba.

A zambiri ntchito anadzakhala kulemba "Ivan Grozny ndi mwana wake," Ilya Repin. Wambiri ya wojambula ikusonyeza kuti chidwi ndi nkhani ya chikondi, mphamvu ndi kubwezera anayambitsa mchikakamizo cha nyimbo ya Rimsky-Korsakov ndi kuphunzira za mbiri.

"Mwadzidzidzi"

Pa nsalu limasonyeza mosayembekezereka kubwerera ku ukapolo chosintha. Ilya Yefimovich mosamala kwambiri anayesa kusonyeza nkhope. Iye zambiri rewrote iwo. Ndipo manyazi ukapolo ndi chisokonezo mayi amene sankaganiza kuti mwana wake, ndi chokondweretsa cha mkazi ndi ana ake. Pa kuwala, momasuka, kunyumba ndi nyumba ndi mdima chithunzi ubwenzi yanditsutsa, wosweka ndi moyo. Koma amayembekeza ndi chiyembekezo kuti idzakhala yophweka.

Mu mawu ena - mu mzimu makono a Uthenga fanizo ndinawerenga Repin. Wambiri mwa chithunzicho ayenera Iwo umatsimikizira kuti azigwira ntchito imeneyi mwakhama, koma zojambulajambula lakwaniritsa mmene amene anafuna.

mphunzitsi Repin

Kuyambira 1894 Repin anaphunzitsa pa Academy. Monga m'nthawi analemba kuti iye anatero, iye anali mphunzitsi zoipa, koma mphunzitsiyo - kwambiri. Ndalama, iye anali kuyesera kuti anthu ovutika ndi kuwapeza malamulo. Mu msonkhano wake panthawi zosiyanasiyana waphunzira Malyavin F., B. Kustodiev, Ivan Bilibin, Serov. Pa ulimi choyamba, Repin ali mlanduwu kupemphera kwa amachoka mu Academy, koma potsiriza iye anasiya ntchito yake yophunzitsa mu 1907. chifukwa panali kusakhutira pa ana asukulu kuti aphunzitsi moyo mu boma la nyumba yaikulu, ndi Zipatalazo awo ali osauka. Repin, lendi nyumba, anatuluka Academy ndipo anapita Yasnaya Polyana.

Zithunzi Repin

Si onse Amachitanso bwino, koma kwambiri maganizo osiyana "Chithunzi cha M. P. Musorgskogo", olembedwa pa madzulo a imfa wolemba a. Ndafika, "Pavel Tretyakov Chithunzicho" kwa anthu okonda zojambulajambula amene anafunsa pafupifupi aliyense.

Great wamkazi otchulidwa zidalengedwa mwa iye Eleonora Duse, Elizabeth Zvantseva, ana awo, mkazi wachiwiri wa wolemba N. Nordman-Seversk. Zinali iye amene, akufa TB, chithunzicho anasiya chuma cha chuma chake "Penates", imene Repin ndinakhala zaka makumi atatu otsiriza a moyo wake. Onekerani zithunzi za Lva Tolstogo, ndi amene anakumana mu 1870. Repin analemba anayi lodziwika bwino chithunzi cha mlembi wamkulu, ndipo anachoka wambiri waona komanso zina zachidule.

Repin: yonena ndi ntchito mwachidule

Wizened ndi gaunt Ilya Repin m'tsogolo, ambiri ankagwira ntchito zolembalemba. Iye analemba buku la "Kumalekezero pafupi." Mu izo, iye anafotokoza maganizo ake ndi mfundo za kulenga. Iye monga zojambulajambula akusamalira osati kafukufuku esthetic, ndi kalata wa mtima ndi magazi, zoona chithunzi chopanda chinyengo. Great wojambula anamwalira mu 1930 ndipo anaikidwa m'manda mu "Penates" mu Finland. Wambiri, ichi ndi yochepa kwambiri, sataya chithunzi thunzi chokwanira cha amoyo, mokondwera ndi zabwino-chikhalidwe khalidwe la mbuye, ngakhale kuti moyo wake nthawi zonse limodzi ndi mavuto.