PRC Army: kukula, dongosolo. Anthu Kutulutsidwa Army (PLA)

Zachitetezo la Republic of China amaonedwa waukulu asilikali dziko, monga a 2016 kumeneko anali kutumikira anthu mamiliyoni 2.3. China wakhala player kwambiri m'bwalolo andale ndi azachuma, kotero lero mphamvu zikuluzikulu zakhala chidwi makamaka kwambiri zimene kapangidwe ndi ntchito mphamvu Chinese zida (chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti chidule izi zikumveka ngati Peoples Republic of China) mu zaka makumi awiri zapitazi. M'zaka ziwiri zapitazi dziko wakhala kwambiri kusintha mwadzidzidzi mawu zachuma, ndale komanso kukonza anakhudzanso zachitetezo. Patangopita zaka zochepa asilikali wakhala analenga, omwe tsopano ankaona kuti wachitatu mu mphamvu ya dziko.

nkhani

Dziwani kuti mpaka deta onse pa nambala, kapangidwe ndi armament China asilikali zosiyanasiyana. Magwero ena amati mphamvu zosaneneka ndi ndewu za akuluakulu a Chinese za zilakolako zolusa wa Party Communist ndi yapafupi nkhondo World. manyuzipepala More aakulu analimbikitsa si kukokomeza kuthekera China ndi kupereka zitsanzo za zolephera zambiri a magulu Chinese m'mbuyomu.

asilikali Chinese unakhazikitsidwa August 1, 1927 pa Civil nkhondo, pamene, chikominisi anagonjetsa Kuomintang boma. Dzinali pano - National Kumasuka Army (PLA) - anayamba pang'ono kenako, nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse. Mu 1946, otchedwa awiri okha mayunitsi usilikali ndipo kokha kuyambira 1949 anayamba ntchito tanthawuzo kuti mphamvu zonse zida za PRC.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti asilikali si Kumvetsela ku chipani, ndipo amatanthauza asilikali Commission awiri chapakati - boma ndi chipani. Kawirikawiri, amaoneka kuti gulu limodzi, ndipo ntchito dzina wamba CEC. Monga mutu wa CEC n'kofunika kwambiri boma, kotero mu 80 ntchentche wa XX atumwi, zinatengera khola Syaopin, amene anathamanga dziko.

usilikali

Monga wa 2017, chiwerengero cha asilikali Chinese anakana pang'ono 2.6 miliyoni miliyoni 2.3, ndi mfundo dala akuluakulu Chinese konza moyenera ndi kusintha magulu ankhondo ndondomeko kuchepetsa kupitiriza m'tsogolo. Koma, ngakhale kuti kuchepa kwa chiwerengero, ndi PLA ndi waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse.

Malinga ndi malamulo Chinese, pempho adzakhala phunziro kwa nzika za zaka 18, nditatha ngati akhalabe mu malo mpaka zaka 50. Dziko akhala umachitika kuyitana m'lingaliro mwachizolowezi mawu, masauzande ena amapita asilikali ngati akufuna, kapena kulembedwa ntchito chaka chilichonse. Kapangidwe m'badwo wa anthu China ndithu timatha chifukwa anthu ambiri mu dziko zaka 15 mpaka 60.

Service pano imatengedwa yapamwamba kwambiri ntchito, chifukwa asilikali ndi alonda amalowerera amafuna okhwima kwambiri, ndi zolakwa zonse chilango amalangidwa kwambiri. Lero, utumiki yaitali linathetsedwa, ndipo m'malo kutsata dongosolo pangano la zaka 3 mpaka 30. moti ankaweruzidwa ndi chofunika kuti abwezere dziko kwa zaka ziwiri.

N'zochititsa chidwi, koma mu mphamvu Chinese zida sangathe kutumikira anthu ndi zizindikiro, mu maganizo a kasamalidwe, lightheadedness ngati zake fanizo la asilikali amphamvu kwambiri. Ndipo pali zinthu mwamwambo lamulo loletsa kukathandiza anthu amene snore kapena akudwala kunenepa.

kapangidwe

Ngakhale kuti asilikali Chinese ndi ziyang'aniridwe wa Party Communist, kukopa maganizo a usilikali zaka zaposachedwapa utachepa pang'ono. Chapakati usilikali Commission, mosiyana Utumiki wathu wa silikhali, ali ndi mphamvu zambiri, pafupifupi onse kupewa kumeneko, osati kwa wapampando wa MCP. The kusintha kwa 2016 anasiya dongosolo kulamulira, tsopano muli zigawo khumi ndi zisanu, omwe ndi malo osiyana kuyang'aniridwa ndi lonse umamumvera CEC lapansi.

Mpaka chaka chapitacho kusintha wa asilikali China inkakhala zigawo zisanu ndi ziwiri, koma 2016 anali m'malo ndi mabacteria asanu asilikali, dongosolo ndi bungwe pa maziko a mfundo Kupititsa:

1. North Zone, likulu la mzinda wa Shenyang, magulu ankhondo anayi pano kukana wolusa ku Mongolia, Russia, Japan ndi Korea North.
2. Zone South: liku- lu mu Guangzhou City, izo wapangidwa ndi magulu ankhondo atatu omwe amalamulira kumalire ndi Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Lao Anthu ndi Vietnam.
3. West Zone: Likulu ku Chengdu, yomwe ili m'chigawo chapakati cha dziko mu ntchito yake kupereka chitetezo pafupi Tibet ndi Xinjiang, komanso kuteteza kumuopseza zotheka kwa India.
4. zone East: likulu ku Nanjing, asaaonerera kumalire ndi Taiwan.

China Army (mawu olembedwa a achidule wakhala mwachindunji pamwamba) Amakhala ndi magulu asanu a asilikali: dziko, mpweya, m'nyanja, asilikali mzinga, ndipo mu 2016 panali mtundu watsopano wa asilikali - mphamvu njira.

asilikali dziko

boma limagwiritsa chaka pa chitetezo ku madola 50 biliyoni 80, bajeti zazikulu yekha mu United States. kusintha kwakukulu umalimbana optimizing kapangidwe ka asilikali, kusintha kwake malinga ndi zofunikira za makono geopolitical mayikidwe a asilikali.

mphamvu dziko la Republic of China ndi ochuluka kwambiri mu dziko, iwo monga ogwira ntchito pafupifupi 1.6 miliyoni. Boma akufuna kuchepetsa nthambi imeneyi ya utumiki. Ngati kale asilikali a China natenga maonekedwe magawano, amaganiza brigade dongosolo pambuyo kusintha 2016 pa chaka.

Armament zikuphatikizapo magulu pansi pang'ono akasinja zikwi, oyenda magalimoto nkhondo, oti muli nazo zida ogwira onyamula, howitzers ndi mitundu ina ya zipolopolo dziko. Komabe, khamu lalikulu la vutoli ndi zida kwambiri paramilitary m'thupi ndi m'makhalidwe achikale. The kusintha kwa 2016 wasankhidwa amalandira kusintha nkhondowo mfuti a misinkhu yosiyanasiyana.

Air mphamvu

Army Air Force China tithe wachitatu mu dziko, chiwerengero cha zida opareshoni ankhondo (4 ths.) China lachiwiri yekha kwa United States ndi Russia. Kuwonjezera pa kuphana ndi ndegeyo m'munsili, asilikali dziko lili ndi ngongole yake pang'ono Helicopters oposa zana, zikwi za mfuti odana ndi ndege za 500 okwerera Rada. The ogwira ya Air Force a China, malinga ndi zimene mabuku ena amanena, ndi anthu 360 zikwi, pa zina -. 390 zikwi.

Air Force China tifufuza mbiriyakale awo ku 40s mochedwa. XX atumwi, ndipo nthawi choyamba Chinese ndi mbalame pa ndege kupanga Soviet. Kenako, akuluakulu a boma kuti akhazikitsa ulimi wa sayansi yake mlengalenga, chabe kutengera chitsanzo malinga ndi zojambula za USSR kapena USA. Masiku ano, kumanga ndege, kuphatikizapo omenyana wapadera, ali kugwedezeka wonse China akufuna osati akonzekeretse asilikali awo, komanso kupereka zipangizo ku mayiko ena.

Mu China, pali oposa mazana anayi airfields nkhondo, amene angathe kutenga kwambiri ndalama zambiri zida kuposa tsopano. mphamvu Air China monga mitundu yambiri ya asilikali: kuyendetsa ndege, madambo-ofunkha, yoponya mabomba, kuukira, zoyendera reconnaissance, odana ndi ndege, Rada ndi airborne.

Navy

Anthu Kutulutsidwa Army Navy ali atatu: South, ndi North ndi Nyanja East. Komanso kukula yogwira mphamvu umenewu ikusonyezedwa yekha ndi 1990, mpaka nthawi imeneyo, boma osati kwambiri padera mu navies awo. Koma kuyambira 2013, pamene mtsogoleri wa PLA analengeza kuti vuto lalikulu ndi malire Chinese zifuma ku danga nyanja, akuyamba nyengo yatsopano ya mapangidwe yamakono komanso okonzeka zombo.

Panopa, Chinese Navy ndi lopangidwa ndi zombo pamwamba, sitima zankhondo, ndi wowonongayo ndi panyanja ndege, komanso za 230 zikwi. Ogwira anthu.

asilikali ena

The Chinese asilikali chida asilikali analandira udindo wovomerezeka kokha mu 2016. mayunitsi ndi chinsinsi kwambiri, zida zankhondo deta alipobe chinsinsi. Choncho, ambiri a mafunso kuchokera United States ndi Russia ndi chiwerengero cha zokwana nyukiliya. Malinga ndi ziwerengero zosiyanasiyana, manambala osiyanasiyana kuchokera milandu 100 mpaka 650, akatswiri ena otchedwa zikwi zingapo. Ntchito yaikulu ya asilikali chida - otsutsa amenye nyukiliya, komanso kukonza kunyanyala mwatsatanetsatane pa cholinga yodziwika.

Kuwonjezera pa genera waukulu wa asilikali Chinese mu 2016 zikuphatikizapo Dipatimenti wapadera polimbana ndi nkhondo a pakompyuta ndi cyberattacks atasemphana. thandizo njira asilikali, monga ena, zinalengedwa osati kutsutsa kuukira zambiri, komanso luntha la magawo, kuphatikizapo pa Intaneti.

apolisi zida

Malinga ndi ziwerengero zapitazi, chiwerengero cha asilikali Chinese anali anthu oposa 2 miliyoni, ndipo pafupifupi theka la iwo omwe ali nawo m'gulu la asilikali mkati mwa PRC. Anthu onyamula Police tichipeza mayunitsi zotsatirazi:

• chitetezo;
• nkhalango chitetezo, zoyendera asilikali malire ;
• chitetezo cha nkhokwe za golide;
• mphamvu chitetezo cha boma;
• m'madipatimenti moto.

The ntchito za onyamula Police zikuphatikizapo chitetezo cha zinthu zofunika boma, polimbana ndi uchigawenga, ndi panthawi ya nkhondo iwo udzachitike kuthandiza gulu lankhondo lalikulu.

kuchititsa Zochita

China yoyamba yaikulu Zochita ano asilikali unachitikira mu 1999 ndi 2001, anatitumiza ankafika wangwiro pa gombe la Taiwan, dziko lino la China akhala akutsogolera lakuthwa mikangano malo. Akuti ayendetsa bwino kwambiri mu 2006 pamene asilikali a distilikiti awiri ankhondo anatitumiza ku makilomita chikwi, zomwe zikutsimikizira pa maneuverability mkulu wa asilikali Chinese.

Patatha zaka zitatu, mu 2009, takhala zikuluzikulu lonse mwatsatanetsatane kokoka, komwe 4 mwa 7 m'maboma asilikali anali nawo. Ntchito yaikulu inali pothetsa zochita anzake a mitundu yonse ya asilikali ndi zida zamakono asilikali, ndege ndi mphamvu panyanja. Pakuti aliyense chionetsero cha mphamvu asilikali China akuonera dziko lonse, kwa zaka makumi awiri otsiriza, PLA wakhala loopsa kwambiri.

kupambana kwa asilikali

Anaumba Chinese Army nyota kupambana waukulu tisangalatse ndi kupambana pankhondoyo. Ngakhale kalelo, China ali kuposa nthawi zonse anagonjetsa Mongolia, Tangun, manchuzhurami ndi Japanese. M'zaka za nkhondo Korea, China wataya zikwizikwi omenyana ndi akwaniritsa kupambana kwambiri. Komanso pa nkhondo ndi Soviet Union kuti Sino-Soviet chilumba, imfa ya Chinese ndi apamwamba kuposa imfa ya mdani. Bwino kwambiri wa PLA wapanga yekha pa Civil nkhondo, pamene unakhazikitsidwa.

A wozungulira atsopano chitukuko cha Anthu a Kutulutsidwa Army zaka makumi awiri zapitazo, pamene zida osauka ndi kusowa ankakonzekera cha anthu Pamapeto pake anazindikira boma ndi miyeso onse atengedwa kusintha asilikali. Masitepe oyamba anapangidwa kwa kuchepetsa kukula kwa asilikali kuti kuchotsa makuponi mwachindunji chitetezo cha asilikali. Tsopano cholinga ndi pa zida luso ndi retraining cha anthu.

kusintha

M'zaka zingapo zapitazi, Republic Chinese wapanga tumphatumpha yaikulu mu kukonzanso analogues dziko la sinali mu mbiri dziko. Pafupifupi zikande walenga wamphamvu zomangamanga asilikali ndi luso lamakono ano. Lero, China linapeza linanena bungwe mayunitsi mpaka 300 a ndege, ambiri mwa sitima zankhondo ndi zina zambiri. Malinga ndi zipangizo zatsopano wa PLA ikuyenda zambiri mofulumira kuposa ngakhale NATO.

Mu 2015, dziko lonse lapansi anasonyeza zipambano zawo ankhondo pa perete pa nthawi ya mapeto ake sevente ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World. Linali magalimoto opanda, makina kumenya ndi odana ndi ndege kachitidwe. Anthu sichitha koti China cholikopera mwachindunji zida zankhondo ochokera m'mayiko ena. Choncho, onyamula PLA, ndipo lero pali analogues wa Russian SU.

mfundo zosangalatsa

Mu ankhondo, akazi kutumikira China kuyambira mapangidwe wa PLA, koma makamaka udindo mu chipatala kapena mfundo m'madipatimenti. Popeza 50s ndi theka wokongola wa anthu Chinese anayamba kuyesa yekha ndege ndi m'madzi ndipo posachedwapa, iye ngakhale anakhala kazembe wa sitima-kuchipatala.

Pa zaka zapitazi makumi asanu, ndi Chinese asilikali kanali anali zikusintha, kamodzi dongosolo anali ngakhale anathetsa ndipo anachira okha 80 ntchentche. Modern unit wa tithe asilikali anapangidwa mu 2009, malinga ndi iye, kusiyanitsa mitundu ikuluikulu yotsatirayi:

• General;
• Mkulu-General;
• Major General;
• Senior msilikali;
• msilikali;
• Msilikali wamkulu;
• Major;
• choyamba mkulu;
• mkulu;
• Chachiwiri mkulu;
• feldwebel woyamba, wachiwiri, wachitatu ndi wachinayi kumaliseche;
• Sergeant;
• anga;
• logwirika;
• Private.

Monga Tingaone mndandanda wa maudindo a dongosolo ndi zofanana kwambiri ndi miyambo ya Soviet asilikali. Mawonekedwe a masiku ano ndi asilikali Chinese anali koyamba mu 2007, wakhala chimakula pafupifupi wani miliyoni allocated. amatsimikiza zothandiza ndiponso ntchito zake zosiyanasiyana, komanso kukongola ndi zooneka Chinese asilikali.

zotheka olusa

Mayiko onse tsopano kwambiri diso mphamvu kukula kwa Republic Chinese, mu zaka makumi awiri zapitazi dziko yapanga kulumpha yaikulu mbali zonse. Masiku ano, kulikonse mu China amagwiritsa ntchito manambala oyambirira "ambiri": chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu, chuma waukulu dziko chikominisi ndi asilikali waukulu.

Kumene, nkhondo imeneyi ya China lingaliro mokwiya zotheka ndi State kuti. Akatswiri kutsutsana. Ena amatsatira mfundo yakuti mu China panali nthawi zonse vuto la kuchulukana, ndipo mwina m'tsogolo, chipani mukuganiza kuti akagonjetse m'mayiko ena. Ndi kupanda malire adatiyika unalinso lalikulu kuwononga chilengedwe, m'madera ena, nkhani chilengedwe makamaka pachimake (monga Beijing ndi Seoul). Ena andale Russian kunena Chinese asilikali Muzisamala ntchito pafupi ndi malire a dziko Russia, Putin ananena momveka bwino kuti iye sankaona China kuopseza dziko lathu.

Akatswiri ena amati zosiyana, kuti Party Communist cha zochita malinga ndi miyeso chitetezo. Vuto pano padziko lonse, aliyense dziko ayenera kukhala okonzeka kunja mokwiya. Mwachitsanzo, China sakonda ntchito NATO mu Pacific Ocean ndi Korea North. nkhani ina kalekale ziliri pa China - ndi inalowa la Taiwan, chilumba zaka zambirimbiri kukana kuwonjezeka Communist. Koma chipani chili palibe mofulumira amachita alowererepo zida, kumakhaladi zambiri aluso amadza zachuma pa maiko ena.