Bowa osadziwika: zithunzi ndi mayina

Bowa ukhoza kupha, kudya, zamatsenga, zokongola kwambiri, komanso zosatheka. M'nkhani ino tidzakambirana za bowa zodabwitsa kwambiri. Zithunzi zomwe zili ndi mayina zidzafotokozedwanso.

Pulojekiti ya panellus (panel)

Mitundu imeneyi imakula ku Ulaya, Australia, North America ndi Asia. Bowa wosadziwikawa amakula m'magulu pamapope, mitengo ndi mitengo ikuluikulu ya mitengo, makamaka pa birch, beeches ndi oak.

Lactarius indigo (butterfly butterfly)

Mitundu yambiri ya nkhungu yomwe imakula kummawa kwa North America, kuwonjezera, ku Asia ndi Central America. Zimamera pansi mumtambo wa nkhalango komanso zowonongeka. Bowa mwatsopano ali ndi mdima wobiriwira, ndipo okalamba amakhala ndi buluu. Mkaka umene bowa wosadziwikawu umatulutsa, ngati uli wosweka kapena wodulidwa, umakhala ndi mtundu wa buluu. Chipewacho chimafikira masentimita 15, mwendo wokwera - mpaka masentimita 8, mukutali - mpaka 2.5 masentimita. Bowa wodyera. Amagulitsidwa m'misika ya Mexico, China ndi Guatemala.

Tremella mesenterica (kutentha kwalanje)

Nkhumbazi zimakula nthawi zambiri pamitengo yakufa, komanso pa nthambi zawo zakugwa. Thupi la gelatinous lalanje-lachikasu limakhala lopotoka, limakhala lochepetseka komanso lopanda mvula. Ntchentche izi zachilendo zikukula ming'alu ya cortex, pakuwoneka mvula. Mvula ikadutsa, imadumphira, n'kusanduka makwinya kapena filimu yopyapyala, yomwe ikhoza kubwereranso kachiwiri kuchokera ku chinyezi. Amapezeka m'madera osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo Asia, Africa, Europe, Australia, South ndi North America. Bowa ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya, koma ndizosavuta.

Clavaria zollingeri (wotumbululuka bulauni clavaria)

Izi ndi zachizolowezi kuona. Tizilombo tochilendozi ndi thupi lofiirira kapena la violet tubular, lomwe limakula mpaka masentimita 10 ndi kupitirira masentimita 7. Nsonga za nthambi zoonda ndi zofiira zimakhala zobiriwira komanso zozungulira. Ndi mitundu ya saprobic imene imatenga zakudya panthawi yogawanitsa zinthu. Amakula makamaka pansi.

Rhodotus palmatus (rhodotus)

Poganizira zofiira zosazolowereka kwambiri padziko lapansi, ndizosatheka kunena izi. Ndiyo yekhayo amene amaimira Physalacriaceae. Zosazolowereka. Amasonkhanitsidwa kumpoto kwa Africa, kumpoto kwa North America ndi ku Europe, kumene mawerengero ake akugwa mofulumira kwambiri. Amakula makamaka pa mitengo ndi mitengo yowola. Anthu okhwima amadziwika ndi nkhope ya "venous" ndi mtundu wa pinki.

Gastrum saccatum (mawonekedwe ofala ngati nyenyezi)

Amakula pa mitengo yoola ku Ulaya ndi kumpoto kwa America. Onyamula chimanga amamuona kuti sakuyenera chakudya chifukwa cha kulawa kwake kowawa. Ili ndilofala, pamene chiwerengero cha ndalama zake chikugwa mu August. Pali lingaliro lakuti dzenje lomwe lili pamtunda wa thupi lake liri ndi mawonekedwe owoneka ngati nyenyezi chifukwa cha mchere wa calcium oxalate, umene umapezeka musanatsegule. Bowa ili ku Brazil linatchedwa "nyenyezi ya padziko lapansi".

Aseroe rubra (nyanja ya anemone)

Anemone yapamadzi imakhala yachilendo ndipo imawoneka bwino chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a starfish ndi fungo losasangalatsa la kuvunda. Imamera pazinyalala za m'nkhalango m'minda, ikufanana ndi nyenyezi yoyera yofiira, yokutidwa ndi ntchentche ya mtundu wa bulauni, ndipo ili ndi mwendo woyera. Zimakhudza ntchentche.

Polyporus squamosus

Mitundu yosazolowereka ya bowa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imakula ku Ulaya, Australia, North America ndi Asia. Pamtengo, zimayambitsa zobiriwira. "Tsukani Zouma" - ili ndi dzina lake losiyana, lomwe limatanthawuza za zowuma kuchokera ku nthano zachi Greek, zomwe bowa izi zingakhoze kukwera.

Clavulinopsis corallinorosacea (bowa la coral)

Bowa amatchedwa chifukwa cha kufanana kwake ndi miyala yamchere. Iwo ali ndi mtundu wowala - lalanje, wofiira kapena wachikasu. Amakonda kukula m'nkhalango zakalekale. Pankhani imeneyi, bowa wina wa coral ndi wothandizira, pamene ena ndi saprotrophic kapena parasitic.

Amanita caesarea (Kaisara bowa)

Izi ndi bowa kwambiri omwe amadya ku North America ndi Kumwera kwa Ulaya. Kwa nthawi yoyamba iwo anafotokozedwa mu 1772 ndi Giovanni Antonio Scopoli. Bowa ali ndi chovala choyera cha lalanje, mbale zachitsulo ndi phazi. Iye ankakonda kwambiri Aroma akale, kumutcha iye "bollet".

Lycoperdon umbrinum (raincoat brown)

Mitengo ya bowa imakula ku North America, Europe ndi China. Alibe zipewa zomasuka. Ziphuphu zimabwera mkati mwake, mu thupi lokhazikika. Spores, kucha, mkati mwa thupi mumapanga glebe, yemwe ali ndi mawonekedwe ndi mtundu.

Mycena interrupta

Kuwona bowa wosadziwika kwambiri, sikutheka kutchula mitsene. Amakula ku New Zealand, New Caledonia, Australia ndi Chile. Chipewa cha bowa chimafika pamtunda wa masentimita awiri. Chimajambula mu mtundu wobiriwira. Panthawi yomwe bowa amawoneka, amakhala ndi mawonekedwe, pamene akukula pamene akukula. Zikhoti ndi zotseguka komanso zowonongeka.

Morchella conica

Izi ndi bowa zosadabwitsa, zomwe zimakhala ngati pamwamba pa zisa. Zimakhala ndi gulu la magulu a wavy, omwe ali ndi zingwe zochepa pakati pawo. The conical cone imayamikiridwa kwambiri ndi mchere, makamaka mu French makamaka makamaka. Mu osankha bowa, amadziwika kwambiri chifukwa cha kukoma kwake.

Xanthoria elegans (xanthory kaso)

Nkhumbazi zimakula pa miyala, pafupi ndi mitsempha ya makoswe kapena mbalame. Izi ndi zachilengedwe zowonongeka. Ndi imodzi mwa lichens oyambirira yomwe idakali pano. Amakula pang'onopang'ono (0.5 mm pachaka), patapita zaka 10 kukula kwake kumachepetsanso kwambiri.

Amanita muscaria (amanita muscaria)

Wotchuka ntchentche agaric ndi psychotropic ndi chakupha basidial bowa. Chipewa chofiira ndi madontho oyera omwe anabalalika-kodi ndani sanawone ntchentche? Imatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa bowa wotchuka kwambiri padziko lapansi. Bowa ngati limeneli limakula ku Transbaikalia, komanso ku Northern Hemisphere. Ngakhale kuti ntchentche imakhala yoopsa kwambiri, palibe zovomerezeka zowonjezera poizoni, ngakhale m'madera ena a North America, Asia ndi Europe amadya pambuyo pa blanching. Zili ndi zipangizo zamakono, popeza chigawo chake chachikulu ndi muscimol. Anthu ena a ku Siberia amawagwiritsa ntchito moyenera, m'mayiko ameneŵa ali ndi tanthauzo lalikulu lachipembedzo.

Gyromitra esculenta (zabodza zowonjezera)

Iye ali ngati ubongo, wofiira okha kapena wofiirira wakuda. Amatchedwanso "steak", chifukwa pokonzekera bwino ndizokoma. Ngati simudziwa kuphika bowa, ndiye kuti mbale iyi ikhoza kupha. Ndi owopsya mu mawonekedwe ake opangika, ndipo isanagwiritsidwe ntchito mu recipe, iyenera kuti ikhale yowonongeka.

Trametes versicolor (tramet yamitundu yambiri)

Timapitiriza kuphunzira bowa osadziwika, zithunzi ndi maina omwe akufotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi. Mafilimu osiyanasiyana amakula paliponse. Zimakula makamaka pa mitengo ikuluikulu ya mitengo yakufa ndipo ndi yosiyana ndi mikwingwirima yake yowala kwambiri. Mwachizoloŵezi, icho chiri mu inedible, ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mankhwala achikale achi China. Osati kale kwambiri, asayansi apeza kuti chinthu chomwe chili mu bowachi chimapanga chitetezo chokwanira, ndipo chingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chithandizo chothandizira kuchiza matenda a chilengedwe.

Hericium erinaceus (wotchinga)

Bowa ili limatchedwanso "mane", "dzino la ndevu" ndi "mutu wa monkey". Koma poyamba, palibe mabwenzi ndi bowa. Imamera pamitengo, pamene ili yokonzedwa bwino ngati maonekedwe ndi mtundu wa nsomba. Bowa sikuti ali ndi zokoma zokoma zokha, koma amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa mankhwala achikale achiChina, kuchepetsa mitsempha ya m'magazi komanso kukhala ndi antioxidant.

Entoloma hochstetteri (buluu la bowa)

Bowa losazolowereka, zithunzi zomwe ziri mu nkhaniyo, ziphatikize mndandanda wawo ndi mlengalenga. Nkhumbazi zimakhala ku India komanso m'nkhalango za New Zealand. Zingakhale zakupha, ngakhale kuti poizoniyo sizimveka bwino. Mtundu wabuluu wa bowa umene unapezeka chifukwa cha mtundu wa Azulene, umene uli mu thupi la zipatso. Amapezanso m'magulu osiyanasiyana a m'nyanja.

Chorioactis (Cigar's Devil)

Bowa wofanana ndi nyenyezi, wotchedwa "cigare ya mdierekezi", umatengedwa kuti ndi umodzi wa anthu ambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Ikudziwikanso kuti "Texas Star" ndipo inapezeka kokha pakati pa dziko lino, m'madera awiri akutali a Japan ndi m'mapiri a Nara. Ngati tiwona bowa la mawonekedwe osadziwika, ili ndi malo oyenera mndandandawu. Ndi fodya wofiira wofiira womwe umatengera mawonekedwe a nyenyezi kutsegula spores. Chodabwitsa ichi: padziko lapansi ndi bowa okha omwe amachititsa kulira malipoti pamene akumasula mikangano yake.

Mutinus caninus (mutinus canine)

Bowa uwu amadziwika kuti "mutinus canine". Zikuwoneka ngati bowa woonda kwambiri m'nkhalango ngati mawonekedwe a phallus, uli ndi mdima wakuda. Amakula makamaka m'magulu ang'onoang'ono mumulu wambiri kapena pamatope, amapezeka m'dzinja ndi chilimwe kum'mawa kwa North America ndi ku Ulaya. Mtundu uwu wa bowa ndi wosayenera kwa chakudya.

Nidulariaceae (chisa cha mbalame)

M'nkhaniyi, tafufuza bowa losadziwika kwambiri padziko lapansi. Koma sitingalephere kutchula mawonekedwe awa. Chisa cha mbalame ndi gulu laling'ono la nkhungu, zomwe zimapezeka ku New Zealand. Dzina lomwe ali ndi mangawa maonekedwe awo, omwe amafanana ndi chisa ndi mazira a mbalame zazing'ono. Mtundu uwu wa bowa umagwiritsidwa ntchito pofalitsa mikangano yawo - madzi osungirako amadzimadzi amatsitsirana ndi spores mtunda wa mamita 1.

Hydnellum peckii (dzino la magazi)

Bowa losayembekezereka kwambiri la dziko lapansi limakula m'nkhalango za America ndi Ulaya, komanso kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa nyanja ya Pacific. Anakhalanso akudziwika ku Korea ndi Iran. Mafangayi ali ndi mawopsedwe owopsya - choyera choyera chotchedwa velvet chimachokera ku pores ya dontho la madzi ofiira kapena ofiira ofanana ndi magazi.

The bowa si poizoni, ngakhale sikoyenera kuyesera, popeza ili ndi kulawa kowawa kwa owononga nyama ndi anthu. Asayansi asanthula izi ndizidziwitso ndipo zimapezeka kuti zimakhala ndi mankhwala - chinthu chomwe chimalepheretsa mapangidwe a magazi komanso kugawanika kwa magazi.

M'nkhaniyi, tafufuza bowa losadziwika kwambiri padziko lapansi. Ambiri a iwo ndi odabwitsa komanso okondweretsa. Koma khalani osamala kwambiri mukamagwiritsa ntchito bowa kuti mudye - zina mwazimene zingayambitse thanzi lanu, komanso zimayambitsa imfa.