Phiri Kilimanjaro. Africa, Phiri Kilimanjaro. Phiri lalitali kwambiri mu Africa

Kilimanjaro kuphulika - amodzi mwa malo otchuka kwambiri ndi otchuka pa dziko. Malowa ndi wapadera zifukwa zambiri: ulemerero wa maonekedwe a mapiri, kusiyana kwa nyengo, chisanu oundana. Kilimanjaro chotchuka osati ndi alendo. Panali kuwombera mafilimu wotchuka, zochitika pa phiri anapanga maziko a chiwembu cha nkhani lodziwika bwino.

Inu Kilimanjaro kungakhale kudzera Kenya kapena Tanzania. Ichi ndi doubly zosangalatsa - wapaulendo osati kukumana ndi mapiri, komanso kuti timudziwe bwino chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa anthu zakwawoko awa States. Ku Russia, ulendo uwu ndi zabwino chifukwa safuna kupeza chitupa cha visa chikapezeka kudakali (ngakhale kuti pali amalipiritsa chitupa cha visa chikapezeka pa malire). Komabe, mwambo - pomuyerekeza chakuti anthu adzaona pobwera.

Wamkulu Phiri Kilimanjaro

Phiri Kilimanjaro ili mu Africa East. Komanso mwapadera, ndi kuphulika matalala kuti akhoza, monga ena Akatswiriwa, kukamuukitsa. Kilimanjaro - phiri lalitali kwambiri mu Africa. Pa nthawi ina mfundo - mamita 5.895 pamwamba pa nyanja. Dzina "Kilimanjaro" ku chinenero African Chiswahili akhoza likumasuliridwa kuti "phiri limenelo glitters." Pali lomwe dzina ndi chifukwa chakuti pamwamba pa phiri ndi chipale chofewa oundana, pamene padziko sakhoza kuona khalidwe la mitundu olimba otentha - lililonse Africa.

Phiri Kilimanjaro ili mu Boma la Tanzania, koma ili pafupi ndi malire a Kenya. Choona chidwi ndi kuzungulira ilo palibe mapiri ena, si m'gulu la miyala. Ndipo chifukwa phiri wokongola makamaka alendo kubwera kuno m'njira zambiri kuti amasirira otchuka Phiri Kilimanjaro, kukwera maziko a thyathyathya otentha. Wolemba Ernest Hemingway otchedwa phiri lonse monga dziko, chachikulu, mkulu, ndi losavuta woyera dzuwa.

Kodi anali phiri

Kilimanjaro, phiri lalitali kwambiri mu Africa, ali ndi zaka pafupifupi miliyoni zaka ziwiri. Inakhalapo nthaŵi chiphala: m'dziko chiphalaphala uyenda, izo solidifies, ndiye panali zigawo latsopano zotupa wina. Mu nthawi zosiyana za ntchito Dziko Lapansi mkati anapanga nsonga amene amapanga Kilimanjaro: Kibo (chapakati, wamng'ono kwambiri zaka), Mawenzi (kum'mawa) ndi Shira (Western, akale). Pa Kibo kuphulika Chigwa ndi 2.5 Km. Komanso, chapamwamba - yekhayo amene ili pamwamba pa phiri m'dera chipale anaphimba. Kibo amaoneka ngati zabwino phirilo yosalala. Ichi ndi nsonga chapamwamba Kilimanjaro phiri kutalika pamwamba lino pamwamba pa anasonyeza mu 5895 mamita otsetsereka a phiri muli ambiri cones yaing'ono chiphala (m'mimba mwake - mkati kilometre a) .. Mu Chigwa cha Kibo anapitiriza kuima mpweya chiphala.

Biota

Kilimanjaro, phiri lalitali kwambiri ku Africa, ndi osangalatsa nyengo chawo. Pamene Indian Ocean mpweya misa kuno, phiri amatsogolera iwo. Kunachita mtambo, kumene mvula imagwera kapena chisanu (mtundu wa mpweya zimadalira kutalika mtambo). Kilimanjaro ali mabacteria angapo nyengo, zimene anthu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama ndi zomera.

Pa otsetsereka m'munsi mwa phiri kulima. Pafupifupi 2 Km kutali m'malo mwa nkhalango zotentha. Pambuyo theka ina kilometre mpaka amachuluka Heather, lichens, udzu, ankaikira m'madera ya m'mapiri. Kodi chisanu wayamba moyo nyama zikuluzikulu - njati, akambuku.

Lophunzira Kilimanjaro munthu

Anthu anayamba kuzolowera phiri tsopano lodziwika bwino kokha m'zaka za m'ma XIX. Mfundo yakuti mu Africa pali chiphalaphala malo Phiri Kilimanjaro ili, anauza dziko mu 1848, a German m'busa Johannes Rebman. Mu 1881, werengani ng'ombe ndinakwera ku mamita 2500 mkulu, mu chaka - pa mamita 4200, ndipo mu 1883 - pa 5270 mamita mu 1889, akatswiri awiri ku Ulaya, German Hans Meyer ndi Austria Ludwig Purtsheler, choyamba anafika Kilimanjaro pachimake .. Pamwamba pa Mawenzi Komabe, kalekale wosagonjetsedwa. Only mu 1912 pa okwera European anakwanitsa phazi pa izo.

Popular kukwera zodutsa

Alendo ochokera loto dziko ochezera Kilimanjaro. Phiri lalitali kwambiri mu Africa ndi amazipanga wokongola kwa mapiri, akatswiri komanso okonda ankachita masewera a kukwera mapiri. Pali zingapo kukwera maulendo otchuka, zotsatirazi zomwe, mukhoza kukwera Kilimanjaro. Aliyense wa iwo dzina lake mofanana ndi ili pa chiyambi cha njira malo. Imodzi mwa njira otchuka amayamba m'mudzi wa Marangu. Malinga ndi ena okwera ndipo amayenda ulendo, n'kosavuta kuti adziwe, ngakhale kwa oyamba. N'zoona monga apaulendo, pali zotsatira n'zosiyana - pa njira akhoza kukhala ochuluka zedi anthu imodzi. njira akuyamba m'mudzi wa Masham, anthu ambiri ankamuona ngati wokongola kwambiri. Koma iye sanali oyenera aliyense, koma okhawo amene alibe mavuto ndi acclimatization phiri nyengo.

Njira yovuta kwambiri akuyamba mu Umbwe m'mudzimo. Ndi abwino okha agonjetsi akatswiri a pamwamba paphiri. Ngati alendo ndi chidwi phiri kupalasa, ndiye n'zotheka kuyesa njira kuyambira pa mudzi wa Shira. Pakuti okonda amasirira kukongola kwa chilengedwe ndi abwino njira kuyambira m'mudzi Rongai. Njira wakupambana kudutsa m'dera lina kumene mwakamodzi anthu, komwe chibadwa ikutchulidwa mu ulemerero wake wonse umayamba m'mudzi Loytokitok.

Kilimanjaro kanema

Kilimanjaro chiphalaphala chomwe ndi osiyanasiyana zosaneneka za nyama ndi zomera, wodzala ndi zidzasintha lokongola, sanathe amaona Opanga filimuyi. Pakuti Opanga filimuyi ambiri, makamaka Hollywood, Phiri Kilimanjaro, amene anazindikira mwa chithunzi ngakhale popanda anasaina ndi mafotokozedwe - malo omwe amakonda pafupifupi wotchuka kwambiri kuposa Mwachitsanzo, Chosemedwa cha Ufulu ku New York kapena Eiffel Tower ku Paris.

Tizikumbukira mafilimu analengedwa ndi opanga kunja, zomwe kuwuluka pamwamba pa phiri alendo ndege. Tingathe kukumbukira mmene Lara Croft anali kuyang'ana pa phiri bokosi Pandora a. Mfundo odziwika kwambiri - za Kilimanjaro moyo Kunyada, motsogozedwa ndi Mfumu Leo.

Kilimanjaro mu mabuku

Ukulu wa Kilimanjaro anagwidwa ndi maganizo a olemba otchuka. Wotchuka zolembalemba ntchito kugwirizana ndi phiri - yochepa nkhani "The chisanu a Kilimanjaro," lolembedwa ndi Ernest Hemingway. Choyamba lofalitsidwa mu magazini Esquire mu 1936. Chiwembu cha nkhani - wolemba ulendo Garri Smita mu Africa. Wolemba anapita pa Safari. Kumeneko, Harry zowawa mavuto - iye anawomberedwa mwendo ndipo linali litadzala ndi chilonda. Iye ndi mkazi wake Ellen moyo mu hema pa phazi la Kilimanjaro. Harry zambiri reminisces za moyo wake, za nkhondo. Iye amayesetsa kuti apeze mayankho a mafunso nthanthi - umene iye ankakhala zabwino zimene anachita izo. Infection chilonda osachiritsika, ndi Garri Smit afa. Kutengera pa nkhani ya dzina womwewu anajambula kanema.

kukwera Features

Ngakhale kuti phiri lalitali Kilimanjaro sanathe kugonjera anthu mu zaka XIX-XX, lero phirilo mungathe, mwina munthu amene sakhala ndi kuvutika kupuma mu mapiri ndi masiyanidwe mpweya. Kukwera phiri la Kilimanjaro, monga taonera ndi zina alendo, pa zina mwa njira zingatenge maola ochepa okha. Mwachitsanzo, wothamanga Kilian Zhorne Burgada wa Catalunya anagonjetsa kuphulika pamwamba pa maola 5 mphindi 23.

Kumene, kuthamangitsa zotsatira zofanana wosaphunzitsidwa munthu sangakwanitse, koma kukumana ndi tsiku n'zotheka. Amayenda ulendo ndi alendo a zofufuzafufuza, kaya njira osankhidwa, adzaona chithunzi lapadera: kulowezana kwa mabacteria seveni yosiyana nyengo - kunyanja, ndiye subequatorial, kenako otentha, zotsatirazi - pang'ono, ndipo potsiriza, boma kumalo ozizira ndipo ngakhale kumalo ozizira.

Kuwundana a Kilimanjaro

Phiri Kilimanjaro ndi chidwi chifukwa ndi imodzi mwa malo ochepa Africa kumene chisanu ngakhale chilimwe. Pamwamba pa phiri pali magulu ambiri a woyera. Kwenikweni, si ngakhale chisanu ndi oundana. Ife Akatswiriwa asayansi ndi chiphunzitso chimene ayezi pachikuto cha phiri posachedwa kutha. Ofufuza apeza kuti m'zaka za m'ma makumi awiri, dera oundana anayamba kutha. Mu umodzi wa mapepala kafukufuku akuti mpaka 85% kuchokera 1912 kuti 2007, lonse kuchepetsa wa - kuchokera makilomita lalikulu 12 kuti 2. Malinga ndi kuphunzira, utachepa osati m'dera komanso kakakulu ayezi. Chifukwa chimodzi boma la zochitika amatchedwa kuwonongeka kwa malo ndi monga kutentha. Zachilengedwe kuopa kuti kamodzi kuwundana kusungunula, sadzatchulanso kulandira zakudya zachilengedwe zingapo mitsinje phiri kuti zingawononge topezeka mu malo mwa phiri. Pali buku lina lomwe limanena kuti kuwundana adakali khola. Bukuli lili ndi mawu a m'deralo si amene kuona mmene zimaonekera chimakwirira woyera wa phiri. Pa nthawi yomweyo mtendere wa oundana, monga ofufuza ena amakhulupirira akhoza kuthandiza kupititsa patsogolo mitengo kubzala padziko Kilimanjaro. Chifukwa cha ichi, mmene likutentha ali utachepa. mitengo komanso anabzala kuyamwa madzi ku mitambo yozungulira phiri chakudya, potero biosphere pansipa.

mfundo zosangalatsa

• The chimbuzi cha Kilimanjaro (kutalika kwa phiri, monga taonera kale - mamita 5,895) - chapamwamba cha Ukhta. Izi chithunzi - umboni kwa Africa, mapiri ndi wachinai mu dziko.
• Otsiriza kuphulika kwa phiri Phiri Kilimanjaro anali 100 zikwi. Zaka zapitazo.
• Phiri ili bwino pa malire a mayiko awiri - Kenya ndi Tanzania. Koma iwo alendo ofuna kukwera Kilimanjaro, ayenera kuyendetsa kukakwera phiri ndi ku Tanzania - malinga ndi pangano pakati pa maiko awiri.
• Woyamba mbiri chikumbutso cha Kilimanjaro amatchula II m'ma AD. e.
• malisiti Cash ku bungwe alendo yachilendo kuyenda pa Phiri Kilimanjaro - mmodzi wa zikhalidwe za mtendere wa chuma cha Tanzania. Pali umboni kuti Kilimanjaro kukaona pafupifupi 40 chikwi. Per chaka. Pafupifupi aliyense alendo amathera mu dziko oposa 1 zikwi. $.

Kenya kapena Tanzania?

Funso loyamba adafunsa alendo akukonza ulendo Kilimanjaro: Kodi phiri ili? Yankho: mwachirengedwe - mu Tanzania. Koma pali njira zimene kulumikiza malo awa kwambiri ndipo tingapeze mwa Kenya. ndi kusiyana, ubwino ndi kuipa kwa kuyendayenda dziko makamaka chiyani? Akatswiri ena makampani zokopa alendo ndi alendo okha, mu Kenya, ndi chitukuko cha zomangamanga hotelo ndi ntchito.

Pali lomwe ndi chifukwa chakuti Kenyans ndi zambiri chidwi ndi phunziro la Chingerezi kuposa anzawo. Ndipo chifukwa kulankhula nawo savuta alendo. Mu 1977, Tanzania anapanga pofuna kukatenga mtsinje waukulu la alendo kwa Kilimanjaro yekha, kutseka kumalire ndi Kenya. Koma palibe chimene chinachitika, phindu sanali okwanira. Border anatsegula. Kuunikira ena alendo, Tanzanians - anthu ambiri ochezeka ndipo anatsekula kuti kukambirana mwamwayi. Kenyans komanso businesslike ndi zomveka.