"Pakuti Jambulani wa Konigsberg": Mendulo kwa ngwazi

East Prussia anali ankamasulira limene kuganizira mphamvu kwa kuukira anthu a Kum'mawa. Choncho, adani a Koenigsberg anali yofunika njira chitukuko mawu zankhondo ndiponso zandale.

Kulimbikitsa ndi chitetezo wa linga wa

Konigsberg ndi okonzeka kwa chitetezo yaitali, linga atazunguliridwa ndi mizere itatu ya chitetezo. Mmodzi wa iwo ili pa mtunda ku mzinda ankaimira forts 15 oyenerera m'menemo ndi mfuti zida zankhondo, throwers moto mfuti makina. Aliyense linga linali ngati linga ang'ono ndi asilikali yake. m'dera pakati forts kunkakhala ndi bunkers ndi pillboxes, kotero kuti mzere lonse ya chitetezo ya mdani anali wolumikizana mosalekeza yowotcha mzere.

Mzere wachiwiri wa chitetezo wa Königsberg unachitikira pa mzinda wa mzinda. Mpheroyi mwala ndi konkire nyumba, makamaka atatembenuzidwa ntchito ya usilikali. Pakati pa Konigsberg ali wachitatu kwambiri zokhalamo mzere yodzitetezera. linga anali okonzeka ndi zofunikira mobisa, forts. zopinga yokumba madzi zinalengedwa. Nyumbayi inali 4 zikwi mfuti osiyana, akasinja mazana angapo, kumenya mfuti. The linga asilikali inali pafupi anthu zikwi 130. Komanso, Kenigsberg anaphimba kwa mpweya mazana awiri mdani ndege.

Asilikali ake ndipo Jambulani wa Königsberg

Asilikali ake mdani linga inayamba mu 1945, pa April 6. Buku ntchito chitachitidwa mtsogoleri wachitatu Belarus kutsogolo polimbana Soviet Union Vasilevskim Aleksandrom Mihaylovichem, imene pa nthawi ya opaleshoni m'gulu 1 Baltic Front mkulu amene anali Ivan Hristoforovich Bagramyan. Mothandizidwa ndi mpweya chinaperekedwa ndi ndege molamulidwa ndi kulamulira Alexander Alexandrovich Novikov. 2,400 okha ndege osiyana, akasinja oposa 500 komanso mfuti kudziletsa injini ankagwira ntchito.

Ngakhale chitetezo woopsa wa mdani, April 9, 1945 Königsberg linga mzinda capitulated. Mu ukapolo anthu 92.000 unatengedwa, 42.000 asilikali German anaphedwa. Pakapita zida za nkhondo anawonongedwa ndi Nazi. Yonse ya nkhondo, asilikali athu sanatsatile kukumana malinga awa, omwe adamangidwa mu Koenigsberg. Icho chinali chimodzi cha madera waukulu kwa anawonjezera kukaniza, ngakhale kudzipatula wathunthu.

mphoto History

Mkulu wa kumbuyo la Soviet Army General A. V. Hrulev mu April 1945, anakhazikitsa ntchito komiti luso - kukonzekera Mendulo kwa adani a mizinda amene ali kunja kwa Soviet Union. "Pakuti Jambulani wa Königsberg" - ndi Mendulo ndi wapadera, ndi yekhayo amene sichinayambe kupereka kwa adani a mitu ya limati, ndi adani a linga la. Kachidutswa yooneka ngati yosavuta zitsulo, koma amabisa chidutswa cha mbiriyakale, osati monga chinthu zenizeni, komanso miyoyo ya anthu ambiri a anthu.

mphoto "Pakuti Jambulani wa Konigsberg" unakhazikitsidwa June 9, 1945 ulemu chifukwa cha chigonjetso mwa asilikali nkhondoyi. Mendulo wapangidwa pa ndondomeko ya AI Kuznetsova. The obverse wa mphoto imene ili momveka, "Pakuti adani a Königsberg" pamwamba - nyenyezi zisanu zisonga, mlombwa nthambi pansi. Kumbali n'zosiyana a ndalamayo linalembedwa "April 10, 1945" ndi tsiku ndi pa nyenyezi zisanu zisonga.

Lokha Mendulo yopangidwa ndi mkuwa, anali ndi mawonekedwe wozungulira mamilimita 32 awiri. Ndi ringlet ndi tsamba chikugwirizana ndi chipika mphotho. Block ndalama ali mawonekedwe pentagonal, yokutidwa ndi milozo riboni a mitundu wakuda ndi wobiriwira. Pali zingapo zimene mungachite mphoto "Pakuti Jambulani wa Koenigsberg", ndi Mendulo akupezeka ndi mitundu iwiri ya khutu: stamped ndi soldered.

Ku malo a ndalamayo

Anthu amene pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana sanalandire mphoto, koma amene anali ndi ufulu kupeza Mendulo "Pakuti anatenga Königsberg", anali kupereka satifiketi, stamped ndi kusainidwa ndi mtsogoleri wa. Ulaliki wa mendulo opangidwa pamaso pa chikalata chotsimikizira gawo mwachindunji adani ndi itachita wa Konigsberg. chikalata ichi ndi chikalata atsogoleri ndi atsogoleri a magulu a asilikali zachipatala.

Ulaliki wa mendulo imene atsogoleri a mayunitsi asilikali. Kwa anthu panjira ya Red Army ndi apanyanja, ndi mphoto zinachitika mu malo dera, chigawo ndi mzinda apolisi m'deralo.

Watsimikiza Bungwe la Supreme

Okwana pafupifupi mamiliyoni 760 a asilikali analandira mphoto "Pakuti Jambulani wa Konigsberg." Mendulo anali ankavala kumanzere a chifuwa. Mu kukhalapo kwa ena mphoto-kuwina anakakhala pambuyo Mendulo kwa "Pakuti adani a Budapest".

Malinga ndi chigamulo cha Supreme Soviet la USSR, mu February 1951, chinapezeka kuti Mendulo "Pakuti anatenga Königsberg" ndi umboni wake pambuyo pa imfa ya mphoto kukhala m'banja lake. Zisanachitike izi lamulo Mendulo ndi satifiketi kupereka atabwerera pambuyo imfa.

Pambuyo Wamkulu zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, gawo la East Prussia ankadutsa Soviet Union, kuphatikizapo mzinda linga la Koenigsberg. Mu 1946, mzinda wa Königsberg anadzatchedwa Kaliningrad ulemu wa womwalirayo mtsogoleri chipani Mihaila Ivanovicha Kalinina.

Amaitcha n'kulandira mendulo kwa adani a Königsberg

Magazi ndi thukuta yothiriridwa munda East Prussia asilikali athu. Kwambiri ndi kwambiri ft zichitidwe ndi asilikali. The Mendulo "Pakuti anatenga Königsberg" - mphoto chabe kuti ndi woyenera nkhondo yathu. Anafika ife mayina ena a amasewera pakati pawo Alexei Solomonovich Gershgorn, Nikolay Nikolaevich Naprimerov, Semyon Samuilovich Levin, Yefim Evseevich Zauzimu Gyulmamed Gyulmamedov, Naplyueva Valentina Fyodorovna, Ivanov Dmitriy Semenovich. Mtengo wa moyo ndi thanzi anapatsidwa kwa iwo kuti akanthe ndi adani a linga la. Ndipo mulibe wasenza mndandanda wa mayina. The Mendulo "Pakuti anatenga Königsberg" analandira kwambiri za nkhondo yathu, koma ena mphoto, mwatsoka, sindinapeza akatswiri awo.

Anatenga Königsberg anali chitsanzo cha amunamuna chintchito asilikali. Losaiwalika ndi mtengo chizindikiro wakhala ife Mendulo "Pakuti anatenga Königsberg". Photo mphoto, mwatsoka, zimadza kudutsa pa Intaneti malo lotseguka amalembedwa kuti "kugulitsa." Nthawizina ife kuiwala mmene waukulu ft anapanga asilikali. Kutenga Konigsberg anali ziwathandize mu nkhondo lonse: bwinobwino ankhondo mu East Prussia anatsegula njira kuti ife Berlin. Kuwonjezera analola kuti monga mzinda wa Königsberg ndi madera ozungulira mu Soviet Union. Tsopano mumzinda wa Kaliningrad ndi gawo la Chitaganya cha Russia. Ulemu, ulemerero ndi kukumbukira wosatha wa asilikali kupambana nkhondo imeneyi.