Othandiza kuwerenga maganizo - ndi chiyani ichi?

Othandiza Psychology ndi chilango ntchito. Chigawo chimenechi cha maganizo, limene kuphunzira mmene angagwiritsire ntchito sayansi. Choncho, sayansi ndi othandiza zamaganizo - uwu si lofanana ndi otchuka, tsiku ndi tsiku, tsiku lililonse makamaka Public "VKontakte". Iwo umupeza ntchito mu mchitidwe - ntchito ndi odwala ndi kuonetsetsa muzochitika chikhalidwe.

terminology

Othandiza zamaganizo - sayansi kuti tikukamba yokhayo yomwe inalipo m'munda wa zamaganizo palokha ndipo tanthauzo lake kuchita. Mpaka m'ma 19, gawo limeneli linkatchedwa komanso panopa anagawira lofanana "anagwiritsa ntchito". Komabe, ntchito maganizo, koma chimakhudzanso ntchito chilango kuchita, lolunjika pa chikugwirizana ndi munda wake wa ntchito ndi kuwaphunzira pa nkhani ya malo enieni: malonda, maphunziro, masewero ndi ena.

Gwiritsani adjectives "ntchito" ndi "othandiza" mu nkhani iyi, m'lingaliro chomwecho molondola. Ntchito Psychology - nthambi ya sayansi kuti amachita ndi mchitidwe wa zamaganizo lenilenilo koma za ntchito, mchitidwe Cholinga m'madera pafupi. Komanso, nkhani zothandiza kwa anthu pa chinenero m'chigwa cha anthu, monga kuyenera kuti ziume mumakonda mawu a ulaliki ntchito malangizo.

mavuto

chiphunzitso zambiri patsogolo zochitika, nchifukwa chake mu sayansi pali pang'ono wolungamitsidwa maganizo ndi malingaliro. mipata zimenezi chinachake kudzaza. Mu maganizo, zolinga zothandiza ndi kumela ndi, otchedwa mafanizo - tilibe, koma njira opaleshoni, amene gawo la chilango makamaka.

Vuto kuti amaukitsa kutsogolo kwa kuwerenga maganizo othandiza ndi zenizeni dziko mwa zinthu zomwe si zizigwirizana maziko ongolankhula. Kuchokera ili kubwera ntchito zikuluzikulu za sayansi.

Ntchito zazikulu za kuwerenga maganizo othandiza

Chifukwa cha vuto anakumana ndi kuwerenga maganizo ntchito, malinga maziko ongolankhula ndi zikhalidwe za dziko lenileni:

• odwala uphungu munthu amene chisokonezo ndi pang'ono kapena kwathunthu sachiranso;
• akuchititsa magawo gulu maphunziro (kuphatikizapo chilengedwe makampani ndi malonda);
• thandizo maganizo muzochitika chikhalidwe.

ntchito

Kudziŵa Akutsatira Psychology opatsirana pa mtundu wa unyolo, kuchokera zamaganizo akunenedwa kwa dokotala ndiponso dokotala ku (kapena katswiri) zimafalitsidwa kwa wodwala. ntchito Psychotherapeutic ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri za kuwerenga maganizo othandiza. Choncho, individulnoe Kuweluza kasitomala nthawi zonse kugwirizana ndi mavuto apadera umunthu amene alibe njira yeniyeni pa kudziŵa ongolankhula. Izi zili choncho chifukwa dokotala limafufuza njira zosiyanasiyana ndi ma awo, pofuna kumvetsa ndi oyenera wodwala aliyense.

Mafunso ena akhoza kukhala yopapatiza - monga mafunso a kupambana munthu, kasamalidwe nthawi, ntchito kuwerenga maganizo. Komabe, ena bwanji zigawo waukulu mapangidwe kapena chitukuko cha munthu.

Othandiza kuwerenga maganizo ndi nthambi zina za sayansi

Kodi yeniyeni Social Psychology? Tsopano zimaonekeratu. mfundo ndi yakuti kuthetsa mavuto a zamaganizo othandiza ali kugwirizana ndi zina sayansi. Choncho pali ntchito yatsopano makampani kuti mayina awo, malinga m'dera zimene agwiritsidwa. Izi zikhoza kukhala kuwerenga maganizo othandiza wa maphunziro, chikhalidwe, malamulo, mankhwala, maphunziro kapena masewera. Onsewo ndi ogwirizana Mbali kuganizira kafukufuku maphunziro m'dera chidziwitso.

Njira Ntchito Psychology

A malo apadera minda ntchito zatenga njira mwachikulu sayansi, ndiko kuti, zatsopano, kuzipenya ndi mayesero. Njira zamaganizo kusukulu iyi ndi wosayenera. Studies zenizeni zamaganizo lonyozeka kwa mchitidwe weniweniwo. Izi zimadalira chifukwa subjectivity anthu.

Njira kuwerenga maganizo othandiza kuti m'kagulu mu mitundu iwiri:

• Munthu - ntchito mu ntchito ya zamaganizo ndi mtima yekha. gawo limeneli lilinso psychoanalysis.
• Gulu - uphungu maganizo mu mawonekedwe a maphunziro, magulu maphunziro Gestalt ndi mitundu ya kukonzedwa mu magulu ..

Komanso njira kafukufuku nthawi zambiri zinachokera ku mafakitale awo amene sayansi ndi ntchito ndi kuti aumbike. Mwachitsanzo, njira Anabwereka zolimba pedagogic ndi malingaliro.

Njira uphungu maganizo, chifukwa cha zovuta ndi yeniyeni chikhalidwe, ayenera kuwaganizira payokha. Ambiri, kumaphatikizapo uphungu ndi ntchito psychotherapeutic.

sukulu

Masukulu izi ndi wofunika kuwerenga maganizo othandiza:

• Psychoanalysis - woyamba akufuna ndipo anayambitsa ndi Sigmund Freud ndi akugwiritsabe ntchito lero. Kutengera pa chizindikiritso ndi kuphunzira kanthu komanso zopanda nzeru abulusa mkati.
• Behaviorism - malangizo amene nkhani yaikulu ya kuphunzira si manyazi, koma khalidwe la wodwalayo. Pakali pano, ambiri a iwo m'malo mwa kuwerenga maganizo chidziwitso.
• Chidziwitso zamaganizo - lolunjika pa njira chidziwitso cha maganizo a anthu: kukumbukira, chidwi, m'maganizo. Komanso, maphunziro okhudzana ndi kuphunzira mfundo kuganiza, kupanga zisankho ndi vuto la kusankha.
• Zokana - maziko, monga dzina lake likunenera, umunthu, ndiko kuti, chikondi cha munthu ngati munthu, ndi kuzindikira dongosolo lapadera ndi yofunika. Choncho, kuphunzira mawonetseredwe wodzilamulira actualization ndi chitukuko patokha anatengera wake kwa anthu onse, Mawu a kulenga, ndi ena.

maphunziro

Chidwi kuwerenga maganizo othandiza mukhoza kupeza maphunziro specialization izi. motsogozedwa lolingana wa bachelors ndi ambuye anakonza onse a boma ndi ena, mabungwe a maphunziro apamwamba. Komanso, kukuchititsa zimenezi akhoza zidzawonjezedwa kwa mbiri yaikulu ya maphunziro. Ndi pa mfundo imeneyi amakonzekera omaliza, mwachitsanzo, Institute of Akutsatira Psychology Kirov.

kudzinenera

Ntchito Psychology - gawo la chidziwitso, amene ntchito ndi ntchito zotsatirazi:

• yamaganizo;
• mphunzitsi-mphunzitsi;
• zamaganizo ndi mphunzitsi.

Ndipo ngati pamaso loyamba zofunika maganizo mapangidwe - choyambilira, ndiye Mwachitsanzo, mphunzitsi akhale ndi kokha redesign zina. Izi ndi chitsanzo chabwino cha mmene ankaona malangizo kukhudzana ndi dziko lenileni ndi zofuna zake - kuti nawonso akathe ntchito promotivirovat ndi kuthandiza kasitomala kukwaniritsa cholinga. Zenizeni ndi kuima mwamphamvu pa mapazi ake ntchito. Kapena izo kapena ayi.

Monga gawo la uphungu ntchito - kuthana mwachindunji ndi mavuto wodwalayo - aziika bwino ndi yeniyeni.

Othandiza Psychology: Books

Books pa luso zokhudzana ndi mtundu wanyimbo sayansi ndipo sanali zopeka. Nthawi zambiri kuyankha mafunso a chindunji: bwanji kumvetsetsa zimene iwo kumva kuti anthu ena; mmene tiyenera kuchitira nokha ndi ena? Komanso pali mabuku kokha maphunziro (T. Gudkevich, "Othandiza Psychology: chiyambi zapaderazi ndi"; M. Gulina, "uphungu Psychology: buku") ndi kasamalidwe mchitidwe (D. Raigorodskii, "uphungu" H. . Tarabrina, "Buku Lothandiza kwa zamaganizo a nkhawa chifukwa chokumbukira zoopsa").