Ofunda panopa ndi ... Features Ofunika mafunde. Wotchuka mafunde ofunda

A ofunda panopa Gulf Stream, El Niño, ndi Kuroshio. Kodi zizolowezi zina pali? Chifukwa iwo amatchedwa ofunda? Werengani za izo.

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Pa kuitanako analamula utuluke mwa misa madzi. Iwo akhoza kukhala ndi m'lifupi osiyana ndi kuya - kuchokera mamita angapo mazana makilomita. liwiro awo mpaka 9 Km / h. The madzi akulowera amachititsa mphamvu ya kasinthasintha wa lathuli. Zikomo kwa iye, mu dziko la Southern dziko lapansi mafunde ali anapanduka lamanja ndi ku North - lamanzere.

Mapangidwe ndi chikhalidwe cha utuluke anakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zambiri. Chifukwa maonekedwe awo akhoza kukhala mphepo, mphamvu osefukira wa mwezi ndi dzuwa, osiyana kachulukidwe ndi kutentha, mlingo wa Ocean World. Nthawi zambiri, mapangidwe otaya kumathandiza zifukwa zingapo.

Pali ndale, ozizira ndi ofunda panopa m'nyanja. atsimikiza osati anakhazikitsa chifukwa kutentha thupi lawo la madzi, ndi kusiyana ndi kutentha kwa madzi ozungulira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti otaya akhoza kukhala ofunda, ngakhale madzi zinthu zambiri ankaona kuti ozizira. Mwachitsanzo, Gulf Stream - ofunda, ngakhale kutentha zimasiyanasiyana madigiri 4 mpaka 6, ndi kutentha ndi kuzizira Benguela mafunde madigiri 20.

Ofunda panopa ndi zomwe zimapangidwa pafupi dziko. Iwo anapanga mu madzi ofunda, natuma ozizira a. Ndiyeno mafunde ozizira kulingalira dziko. Otchedwa mafunde ndale, amene si amasiyana kutentha kwa madzi ozungulira.

mafunde ofunda

Mafunde bwanji nyengo ya m'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja. madzi ofunda umayenda mkangano madzi nyanja. Iwo amathandiza kuti pozizira, chinyezi mkulu mvula lolemera. Pa gombe, moyenda pafupi madzi ofunda, nkhalango anapanga. Pali Mafunde ofunda a m'nyanja:

Pool Pacific

• Australia East.
• Alaska.
• Kuroshio.
• El Niño.

Kusambira dziwe Indian Ocean

• Agulyasskoe.

Pool Atlantic

• Irminger.
• Brazil.
• Guiana.
• Gulf Stream.
• North Atlantic.

Pool Arctic Ocean

• West Spitsbergen.
• Chinorowe.
• West Greenland.

phompho mtsinje

Ofunda Atlantic panopa, mmodzi wa waukulu kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi - Gulf Stream. Chimayambira mu Gulf of Mexico, malinga ndi Straits wa Florida igwera mu madzi a nyanja ya Atlantic ndi ikuyenda m'njira northeasterly.

Pakuti kunyamula kuchuluka kwa algae akuyandama ndi nsomba zosiyanasiyana. m'lifupi ndi kwa makilomita 90, pamene kutentha kwa kutentha liri madigiri 4-6. Madzi a Gulf Stream ndi kulocha bluish, zosiyana ndi madzi Kamaoneka wa chilengedwe nyanja. Si homogeneous ndipo imakhala mitsinje angapo kuti akhoza anapambulwa pa otaya okwana.

Gulf Stream - ofunda Pa. Chokumanako ndi ozizira Labrador Current m'dera Newfoundland, izo kumathandiza kuti mapangidwe kawirikawiri chifunga pa gombe. Mu mtima wa North Atlantic Gulf Stream utuluke anasiyanitsidwa, kupanga Islands Canary ndi North Atlantic Current.

El Niño

Ofunda panopa alinso El Niño - amphamvu kwambiri panopa. Si nthawi zonse ndipo amapezeka pakatha zaka zingapo. chikuoneka limodzi ndi kuwonjezeka lakuthwa kutentha kwa madzi mu zigawo pamwamba pa nyanja. Koma izi si chizindikiro chokha cha El Niño.

Other ofunda mafunde a m'nyanja sangathe kulinganizidwa ndi mphamvu ya mphamvu ya "mwana" (lotembenuzidwa otaya). Pamodzi ndi madzi ofunda kuti timakhala ndi mphepo olemera ndi mikuntho, moto, chilala, mvula yaitali. Okhala m'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja akuvutika zisaonongeke zochitidwa El Niño. Anasefukira m'madera ambiri, imbaenda ku imfa ya mbewu ndi ziweto.

Pa kupangidwa mu Pacific Ocean, ku mbali yamphamvu. Iwo umachokera m'mphepete mwa nyanja Peru ndi Chile, m'malo ozizira Humboldt Current. Pa nthawi yatsoka ya El Niño ndi asodzi anakhudzidwa. madzi ake ofunda kusunga ozizira (amene ali olemera mu zomera) ndipo salola kuti adzauka pamwamba. Pankhaniyi, nsomba si matanga ku madera awa, kuti akhale ndi moyo, kusiya asodzi popanda muphe nsomba.

Kuroshio

Mu Pacific, wina ndi ofunda panopa Kuroshio. Pamafunika malo kufupi ndi kugombe kum'mawa ndi kum'mwera kwa Japan. Nthawi zambiri chimatanthauza kuti kupitiriza kumpoto Equatorial. Chifukwa chachikulu mapangidwe ake - kusiyana mlingo pakati pa nyanja ndi East China Sea.

Loyenda pakati pamavuto a Islands Ryukyu, amakhala ndi Kuroshio North Pacific Current wakupambana mu Alaska kufupi ndi kugombe la America.

Iwo ali kufanana ndi Gulf Stream. Ndipamene dongosolo lonse la mafunde ofunda mu Pacific Ocean, komanso Stream Gulf mu Atlantic. Chifukwa ichi, Kuroshio n'kofunika nyengo chinthu, pokonza nyengo ya m'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Iwo ali ndi mphamvu mkati ndi madzi ngati zofunika hydro chinthu kwachilengedwenso.

Japanese madzi otaya amakhala ndi mdima mtundu buluu, choncho dzina lake "Kuroshio" omwe anamasuliridwa kuti "wakuda panopa" kapena "mdima madzi." M'lifupi ukufika pa 170 makilomita, ndi kuya kwake ndi 700 meters. Kuroshio mathamangidwe ranges kuchokera 1 mpaka 6 Km / h. ikuyenda madzi kutentha kwa madigiri 25 -28 kum'mwera ndi za 15 madigiri kumpoto.

Pomaliza

Mapangidwe mafunde zimakhudza zinthu zambiri, ndipo nthawizina lonse awo. Ofunda anaitana amene kutentha kuposa kutentha kwa madzi ozungulira. madzi mkati kungakhale ozizira mokwanira. Wotchuka mafunde ofunda ndi Gulf Stream, ukuyenda mu nyanja ya Atlantic ndi Pacific ndi Kuroshio panopa El Niño. Yotsirizira zimachitika nthawi kubweretsa unyolo masoka zachilengedwe.