Observatory Greenwich (London)

Greenwich Observatory, amene ankavala nthawi yaitali udindo wa "mfumu" wakhala zakuthambo gulu lalikulu, osati Britain komanso mu dziko.

The Mlengi wa chilengedwe ake anali Charles II. Cholinga cha powunikira zinali zofunika kwambiri kwa amalinyero a ndondomeko lawolawo. umboni Anecdotal za malo malo Hrs zambiri adzitaya la zombo ngakhale imfa.

Greenwich Observatory amayenera kukhala chinthu kwambiri zinathandiza amene amalinyero akhoza kudalira. Deta ndi kukonzedwa amaloledwa kukhala kosavuta kuyenda mu kukula kwa nyanja ndi nyanja ndi kupeza njira, ngakhale pamene inu wokha kuti tikhale kusochera.

Maziko a muyeso amaika longitude - chirengedwe ndondomeko ntchito kuwerengetsa mtunda pakati pa mfundo ndi munthu wina kupeza mfundo zenizeni.

The mawerengedwe a longitude pa dziko sikunali kovuta - kale anaonekera woyeza zida. Koma nyanja (kapena nyanja) pogwiritsa ntchito njira ochiritsira sizingatheke chifukwa zinthu zapadera sikuti anaika pamwamba madzi. A njira yodalirika kudziŵa longitude m'nyanja kulibe mpaka m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu.

England, pokhala mphamvu apanyanja, ndi mwachangu kufunafuna njira kudziwa longitude ali expanses lotseguka madzi.

Ndithudi, izo zinali zotheka kuyenda monga kale, nyenyezi. Koma izi zinali bwino sikokwanira. Inde, ndi benchmarks izi pa mitambo tsiku mu chifunga sizinagwire ntchito.

Mu 1675 (March) Charles II chimaika John Flamsteed Katswiri Royal. Achinyamata 28 wazaka m'busa, amatitsogolera: "... ndi changu wapadera ndi chisamaliro kutenga chiyanjanitso tebulo kumwamba kuyenda ndi udindo wa kuunika ndi kusintha luso navigation ...".

Mu chaka chomwecho (mu March), ndi Greenwich Observatory kugwada ntchito. Zotsatira kuonerera akufalitsidwa choyamba "zam'madzi Almanac" Patapita zaka ziwiri pambuyo pa chiyambi chidwi.

The ntchito yaikulu ikuchitika mu Greenwich Observatory, kwenikweni flips navigation m'madzi ndipo amapereka UK mwayi wodzakhala kompayila zikuluzikulu za m'madzi makadi (nyanja kupita).

Komabe, m'mayiko ambiri akupitirizabe kugwiritsa ntchito dongosolo lawo la muyeso wa longitude.

Italy lolunjika pa meridian ku Naples, Switzerland - mu Stockholm, Spain - Ferro ku France - mu Paris. Koma kufunika wamba nthawi dongosolo Buku la dziko ndi longitude zinali zosachita kufunsa.

Pa nkhani imeneyi, anaganiza ntchito Conference International (1884). Kwa mwezi wonse wathunthu anthu a m'mayiko twente-faifi analephera kufika kunyengalera. Pomaliza, unakhala Buku mfundo za Greenwich mu London, azindikiritse tsopano ngati Greenwich meridian. Longitude anaganiza kuyeza mbali ziwiri - zabwino (kum'mawa longitude) ndi zoipa (kumadzulo).

Street kuyatsa mu London wakhala kuti 1930 ndi yowala, ndi zina yotsatira nyenyezi boma m'mbuyomu anali kale zotheka. Greenwich Observatory anasamukira ku Herstmonceux (Sussex County, 70 Km from malo a malo akale Observatory). Gulu otsala a nyumba anadutsa ku Museum National Maritime. Mu 1990 asayansi kusamukanso, nthawi ili mu Cambridge. Mu 1998, Greenwich Observatory (Royal) Anatseka.