Nyama m'madambo. nyama zimene moyo m'madambo

Marshland - m'dziko wapadera wa nyama ndi zomera. Nature ndi dambo kuti ali kunyumba kwa nyama zosiyanasiyana ndi kukula zomera zodabwitsa zambiri zimene m'gulu pangozi. Kuyambira mfundo za sayansi view, chithaphwi - ndi m'madambo dziko gawo kukhala chinyezi mkulu ndi acidity. M'madera ena pali chinyezi nthawi zonse, evaporation amphamvu komanso kusowa mpweya (chithunzi dambo anapereka m'nkhani). Kulankhula mawu osavuta, ndi microcosm zodabwitsa ndi zomera yake yapadera ndipo palibe okhala zochepa wapadera. Nawa ena mwa iwo ndipo tidzakambirana mwatsatanetsatane.

Kodi amalenga dambo?

Nthaka dambo ntchito ndi nyama (mwachitsanzo, Beaver) kapena zopangidwa ndi anthu. Ndi kumanga madamu awo, anafuna kuti madamu wapadera ndi mayiwe, nthaka amatipeza wotaya katundu, wotaya digiri chonde, silting. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu mapangidwe m'madambo - nthawi zonse owonjezera chinyezi. Nawonso chinyezi owonjezera akhoza zidzayambike ndi mbali zosiyanasiyana m'dera la mpumulo Mwachitsanzo, pali matendawa, limene nkhosa zonse pansi ndi mpweya.

Zonsezi kumabweretsa mapangidwe a peat. Posachedwa pali chithaphwi. Anthu a malo awa - mtundu wa pokhala. chakuti chamoyo chilichonse amoyo azolowere moyo wotere kwambiri, popeza zanenedwa palibe nthawi mpweya wokwanira, nthaka ali mlingo wochepa wobereketsa ndiponso dera lonse amakhala ndi chinyezi zimabwezera, ndithudi, mkulu acidity . Choncho nyama ayenera kupereka msonkho! Kotero, ife kudziwa atchulidwa kwambiri.

amphibia

Ambiri, onse zithaphwi angathe nyama - ndi ambiri, koma ambiri a anthu osakhala nzika za dera limeneli. Ambiri a iwo kukhala pano chabe nthawi yochepa, mwachitsanzo, kwa kanthawi, ndi pamenepo kuthamangira kusiya zinthu izi malo zakuda. Okhazikika okhala marshlands si ambiri, koma iwo amadziwa pafupifupi chilichonse. Mwa iwo odziwika bwino kwambiri ndipo ambiri ndinu mamembala a gulu la nyama amphibious ndipo achule: achule, achule ndi newts.

achule

Achule - mwina wotchuka kwambiri ndi anthu ochuluka kuposa chithaphwi. herpetologists zambiri (pa akatswiri amphibian ndi zokwawa) amakhulupirira kuti zolengedwa zimenezi zolengedwa omasuka ndiponso kuganizira pakati pa nyama wokongola kwambiri mu dziko. Inde, achule dongosolo thupi achilendo ndi wapadera. mutu zawo zimakhalanso lalikulu ndi waukulu. Iwo alibe khosi ndi. Choncho, kamodzi mutu akudutsa mu kanthawi, koma lonse thupi.

Achule zigwirizana anurans Detachment, amene ali pafupifupi 6000 ndipo pafupifupi 84 mitundu ano gasi. Monga dzina la wagawo awo, zolengedwa alibe khosi kapena mchira. Koma iwo ndi mitundu iwiri iwiri ya nthambi bwino anayamba. Herpetologists zimachitika tailless achule mtengo achule, poizoni amathamangira achule, achule, achule ndi chule. Kunja, amaoneka ngati achule, koma ubwenzi wolimba ndi iwo.

Masana timeneti amasangalala kwambiri dzuwa kulimbikitsidwa ndi maluwa chithaphwi kapena pa gombe. Ngati ndi udzudzu ntchentche, kachilomboka kapena kuwuluka, chule mphezi chitaya lilime lake yomata mbali ya tizilombo lapansi. Kugwira nyama, achule, ndiye iye kumeza izo. Chulukanani ndi chule zimaswana dambo. Anthu mayiwe awa si mantha kudya chule mazira, kotero mazira ambirimbiri anaponyedwa madzi wopulumuka yekha dazeni ochepa.

Izi zimachitika pa chiyambi cha April. Inali pa nthawi imeneyi achule adzuke ku yozizira hibernation awo. Pa tsiku lachisanu la mazira kupulumuka tadpoles kutuluka. Achule akutembenuka miyezi 4.

Chule waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse ndi Goliati, tikukhala mu dziko African la Cameroon. kukhazikitsidwa lino kutalika masentimita 33 ndi masekeli mpaka makilogalamu 4. Komabe, ambiri mu dziko chule wobiriwira. Dera malo ake - onse a ku Ulaya, kumpoto kwa Africa, ndi Asia. Mtundu uwu wa achule tailless zimapezeka m'madambo a aliyense wathu wina.

achule

"Companion" achule ndi achule. Iwo ali nyama zina kuti moyo mu m'madambo chaka chonse. Kwa zaka zambiri, mbiri ya achule awa zolengedwa chakupha. The townsfolk ndikukhulupirira kuti achule ndi ena amatope chakupha, amene adzakupatsani adani ake. Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ngati kutola umodzi wa achule, iwo ankati kuoneka njerewere. Izi siziri zoona ndithu. Ambiri achule awa ndi chabwinobwino anthu. Kumene zimapezeka m'mayiko otentha ndi achule chakupha ndi achule, koma iwo akhoza anazindikira ndi ofanana mtundu yowala.

Kumbukirani achule amene amakhala mu dambo Russian musati avulaze munthu. M'malo mwake, amapindula kuwononga kwambiri mphutsi zoipa, slugs ndi tizilombo chakuwuluka. Zilombozi ndi nocturnal ndipo mosiyana achule, kufunika pang'ono madzi. Ndicho chifukwa sizingatheke kuona achule masana. Komabe m'madambo dambo - malo abwino kwa achule amenewa.

newts

Detachment tailed achule anapereka salamanders ndi newts. Ngati choyamba - ziri makamaka zolengedwa kumtunda, Tritons - izo anangochita m'madambo nyama. Kunja, zolengedwa ndi chinachake chofanana ndi abuluzi, ndizo basi khungu lawo - yosalala ndi lonyowa, ndi mchira - ndege ofukula (monga nsomba). Torso mu newts ndi elongated ndi dongosolo spindle woboola pakati. mutu wawo waung'ono yomweyo zipita ng'ombe, amenenso mosadziwa kuti mchira.

newts kwambiri moyo mpaka kalekale ku chithaphwi, ndimagwiritsa ntchito chaka. Komabe, iwo mobisa moyo. Kuona ndi apoyera a zimachitikira kuthengo kuli kovuta! Iwo - osambira kwambiri, koma m'mbali mwa zolengedwa ndi njakata kwathunthu. Oyimira a dongosolo la achule tailed - ndi nyama amangokhala Ufumuyo kunyumba kwawo - pa dambo. Iwo ali wofooka ndi kusinthidwa kwathunthu maulendo ataliatali.

nyama

Kwa anthu okhazikika nyama kalasi amatha kusiyanitsa makoswe m'madzi: abwampini ndi ogwirira madzi - otters. Tikumbukenso kuti nyama chithaphwi anthu akhoza kukhala moyo osati madzi komanso m'mbali zake. Mwachitsanzo, pali zimapezeka moistureloving vole ndi makoswe madzi. Mwa njira, ndipo iwo onse imakula bwino m'malo izi: m'mene angatetezedwe awo - hummocks mossy, ndi chakudya - ndi kiranberi, mabulosi abulu, ndi mbewu za zitsamba zosiyanasiyana.

abwampini

Home kuti nyama ndi North America. Mu Russia iwo zinkachokera ku Canada mu 1928. Panapita kanthawi kakang'ono kwambiri anthu awa kuti Zafalikira dziko. Muskrat - iwo ali oimira nyama rodent ndi zithaphwi okhazikika. Iwo amakhala mu nyanja yaing'ono ndi yaikulu, maiwe mtsinje, kumene, pa Asilamu otchedwa a Moor mdima. Apo iwo ali, ngati beavers mu loyenda madzi, chilili okha kwake kwa zinthu pa dzanja.

Kuthetsa makoswe awa mu chithaphwi kupeza mosavuta. madera awo ndi phirilo-mphako ndi kufika kutalika kwa pafupifupi wina mita. muskrat mphanga ali ndi dongosolo lapadera: lili mkati chimodzi kapena zingapo apadera zipinda, ndi pakati - chisa. Mammalogy (nyama Akatswiri) kunena kuti chabe analenga nyama za m'madzi. Muskrat amasambira mosavuta ndipo mwamsanga. Tikayang'ana pa chilengedwe ichi utsalira N'zosakayikitsa kuti dambo - kwawo!

otters

Zilombozi ndi yaikulu oimira musteline wa detachment nyama nyama. Iwo, monga muskrat wa - nyama okhazikika ndi irreplaceable zithaphwi, mitsinje, yaikuluikulu nyanja. Akuluakulu kufika kutalika kwa 1 m, ndi kulemera kwa makilogalamu 15. Nyama amenewa akupezeka pafupifupi onse zigawo za dziko lathu, kupatulapo Antarctica ndi Australia. Mayi Nature yatulusa nyama zimenezi chifukwa malo mu mchitidwe madzi.

Round mutu, yochepa koma wandiweyani khosi, mbiya woboola pakati torso, wakuda mchira ndi Mapazi Ngati a Bakha kuthandiza otters effortlessly kudula pamwamba madzi. Nyama Awa yosayima moyo. Popeza otters - ndi zilombo zolusa, iwo kudya kwawo komweko "anansi" kudzera chithaphwi: achule, voles, abwampini, nsomba zazinkhanira, nyongolotsi, nkhono, njoka. Mu tinkasangalalira, iwo kusaka zosangalatsa zosangalatsa, zosewera mu m'madambo madambo aakulu, pakubwezeretsa pansi pa mtsinje wa madzi, ndi zina zotero. D.

Nthawi ya otters kusiya dambo awo m'madambo, zikuchitika otchedwa "usodzi". nyama angapo kusambira mu madzi ndi kuyamba kusaka olowa nsomba m'deralo. Otters pamodzi galimoto sukulu ya nsomba mu khwalala aliyense yopapatiza kuti panali pamene iwo adzakhala mosavuta agwire nyama zawo. nsomba Small kudya nyama popanda kusiya madzi, ndi lalikulu - yokha pa doko.

Ponena za amene, mwa chirengedwe otter - mwamtendere ndi nyama. chikhalidwe chawo bata lili kwambiri pachaka, koma mu mating pakati pa Otsutsa wamwamuna angakhalepo nkhondo yeniyeni wamagazi kwa mkazi!

Birds kuti moyo mu zithaphwi

Asayansi amene anaphunzira zinyama a zithaphwi amati malowa ndi abwino kwambiri chifukwa kuli oimira ambiri a zinyama dziko, kuphatikizapo mbalame. Mwachitsanzo, zokoma umatheka ndi zipatso za zomera chithaphwi ali ndi irreplaceable gwero la chakudya ptarmigan, chithaphwi akadzidzi, mbalamezi zimatani kuti zikhale ndi abakha. mbalame zimenezi kuyambira kale osankhidwa malowa ndi womasuka kwambiri pano.

Kunena zoona, mbalame si kwambiri ndipo amakonda kusamukira ku malo amenewa. Mbalame Alonda mwazindikira kuti nthawi zina amafika pa dambo grouse ndi capercaillie. Mwachionekere, iwo ali lotengeka ndi chikhumbo chofuna kudya zipatso zokoma. Malinga ndi asayansi, mu imachokera m'malo m'madambo a malo awa akhoza kuthetsa ngakhale imvi Kireni. Popeza kuti chithaphwi kwa cranes - chitetezo chenicheni cha chitukuko yachilendo. Komanso, si aliyense amene angathe kudutsa zithaphwi amenewo!

Mfumukazi ya m'madambo a

Ndikuyankhula zomwe nyama chithaphwi anapeza malo ogona, osanenapo mfumukazi malo - chimeza. Mwina ambiri a ife sitimvetsetsa zokonda zachilendo mbalame kuti marshland lapansi. Nthawiyi, herons kukhazikika pano osati mwangozi! Mfundo ndi kuti zitsamba, sedges ndi mabango amateteza kwambiri kwa adani. Komanso, pali chinachake ndalama (ngati achule).

Chimeza, ndithudi, sitinganene kuti mbalame okongola, koma mfumukazi ya m'madambo a - kwathunthu! Ngakhale ena Alonda mbalame akukhulupirirabe kuti kukongola ena ndipo ngakhale chisomo ogwera ena nthumwi mmene zinyama izi. Komabe womangika ndi okhota kayendedwe, komanso zachilendo, ndipo nthawizina moona osasamala kaimidwe kuchepetsa kukongola konse kanthu.

Chirichonse chomwe icho chinali, ndi chimeza mwangwiro ndinazolowera moyo wotani ngati chilengedwe. N'zosatheka kuyerekeza mbalame izi ndi matupi aliyense madzi ndi madambo! Mwamsanga mukwere bango, kusunthira mwangwiro mu madzi. Ndi mawu okha ali mpweya woipa, kukumbutsa ngati munthu akulira, ngati mkokomo wa munthu wina. Mbalame Alonda akuchenjeza kuti herons ndi obisika kwambiri, ndi zina zoipa zolengedwa. Iwo amakhala m'madera, koma mbalame wochezeka sitinganene kuti.

Nthawi zambiri, zakudya herons chakudya ndi nsomba, koma marshlands pafupifupi palibe ake. Ichi n'chifukwa ngati chilakolako timeneti kuti achule. Herons chimwene kuti regale tailless achule, nkhanu, mphutsi ndi nkhono.

Pomaliza ... chiyani mu dambo ambiri achule?

Kumayambiriro kwa nkhani ino, tinakambirana za mavuto a moyo marshland lapansi. Popeza malowa ali ndi acidity kutchulidwa, nyama ndi zomera chithaphwi ndi mlingo wochepa wa makutidwe ndi okosijeni. chitetezo ngati zachitika mu nthawi. Makamaka zabwino m'pofunika kuziziritsa anthu okhala m'deralo, ndicho, achule, achule ndi newts. Mwina pa cifukwa ichi ali anthu ochuluka kuposa marshlands (onani. Marsh chithunzi).