Nthawi ya mbiri. Kodi mivi mzerewo?

History, ngati sayansi wina aliyense, kutsatira lolondola ndipo amafuna inu kuvomereza ziweruzo zawo zonse. Pakuti mawerengedwe a (monga masamu) ndi zitsanzo aliyense amafuna mzere yake. History zitafuna nthawi ndi malo, pokhala sayansi anthu. Kuti wasayansi-mbiri mawerengedwe tingathe danga (zimene? Pati?) Ndipo nthawi (liti?). , Monga kwa wina aliyense, nthawi (kutanthauza kuti umboni wosatsutsika wakuti tsiku) ndi patsogolo apamwamba. Ndi mfundo Buku mu tanthauzo la zinthu zina zonse. Motero, ntchito yomanga zochitika kuchuluka ndi ntchito choyamba ndi chofunika mu ntchito ya wazambiriyakale. Amangira odziwika bwino ndi kuphunzira iwo mu mzere bwino zochitika. Chotero "nthawi mzere" ali malangizo ake, monga masamu ndi malangizo ake ntchito olamulira. Ndipo amene amaimira mivi mzere wa nthawi, mbiri, sayansi tsopano kusonyeza yokha.

Ora kapena kuchuluka zinayendera

Ngati mbiri losavuta ndandanda wa zochitika, ngakhale zili choncho, Tikadakhala ankafuna limagwirira kuyendetsa ndi kasungidwe izi malamulo deta. Koma sayansi ya mbiri ndi ntchito zofunika kwambiri - kufufuza, kutanthauzira umakhala ubale wa zochitika zosiyanasiyana. Ndipotu, mbiri ali ndi zifukwa yake yeniyeni ndi kumatanthauza mavuto ena. Ndipo apa pali muyezo zofunika kwambiri sayansi wathu umakhala mwayi kudziwa tanthauzo yoyenera pano ndi mtsogolo.

Pamene sayansi mu Chiyambi chake, mibadwo a masamu, ndipo, oddly mokwanira, kuti zakuthambo. Koma pafupi ndi atumwi XVIII, dongosolo Eti igwera mu gulu la zaumunthu, koma kwenikweni ndi sayansi yeniyeni. Choncho, mfundo "nthawi mzere", pokhala analandira masamu mfundo kugwa mu sayansi ya mbiri, napempha nthawi yomweyo asayansi a amadziŵa bwino masamu.

Kodi mivi mzerewo?

Pamene nthawi satha, mwachitsanzo. E. Kuthamanga kapena loyenda (monga munthu zambiri monga izo), sangathenso consummated, izo nthawizonse osawerengeka (osachepera, ife sitidziwa bwinobwino ndipo sangathe kudziwa). Monga masamu, nthawi mzere wa mbiri ndi ntchito olamulira, ndipo pamene osawerengeka ndiwo amaimira muvi. Koma pali vuto lina, woimira mmodzi wa zopunthwitsa: mmene poyamba zaka kugoletsa mu mbiri? Nthawi si mapeto koma ndi chiyambi. Ndipo alikuti akumufunafuna? Chilengedwe cha dziko, kuyambira chiyambi cha ulamuliro wa mfumu kapena kukhazikitsidwa kwa mzinda, kuyambira magwero oyamba kulembedwa, mabuku woyera, ngakhalenso chochitika tsoka kapena chochitika china? Kapena, inu mukhoza kusankha nthawi iliyonse ochiritsira kuyamba kuwerenga?

Kuchokera pa zimene mfundo akuyamba dongosolo?

Panthawi zosiyanasiyana anthu osiyana kusankha okha njira kudziwa chiyambi cha limafotokozera. chitukuko European amusankha Mthandizi chiyambi cha kubadwa kwa Yesu Khristu. Ndipo ngakhale kuti malinga, dziko lonse mu mphambano iliyonse amadziwa zimene tsiku, mwezi ndi chaka, pali anthu amene amakumbukira ndipo kufanana kwa nthawi Buku la miyambo wakale dziko.

Amadziwika kuti panali Nthawi oposa mazana awiri dziko amene siziyenderana choyambiriracho awo. Yotchuka kwambiri iwo amatchulidwa ndi dzina lake masiku ano: mwachitsanzo, Byzantine, Antiochian, Alesandriya nyengo.

Kodi chi?

kalendala aliyense ali ku mfundo Buku - nyengo (kutanthauza yomasulira ku Latin - chiwerengero original). Fuko lirilonse kalelo kulenga yekha nthawi yake dongosolo zochokera zofunika kwambiri ndi mwambo kwambiri losaiwalika okha. nyengo amenewa ukhoza kuyambira pang'ono kwa zaka zikwizikwi.

Choncho koyamba chiwerengero mpingo nthawi zonse ankaona kubadwa kwa Yesu Khristu, kuganizira mfundo yakuti chiyambi cha watsopano, nthawi qualitatively osiyana mu chikhalidwe ndi chitukuko anthu. Ichi chinali chiyambi cha chitukuko European. Nanga dongosolo tsopano lingafune adzakhala, koma pakadali pano chiyambi cha n'chimene akutembenukira pa nthawi mzere wa ziro mtheradi, kumeneko ayamba kuwerengetsa mzere zabwino tanthauzo lake. Ndipo anagwira ku ziro kwa osawerengeka ndi muvi wa kwa ife monga mzerewo. BC komanso anakhalabe "mdima mibadwo", nyengo wakale, nthawi ya Amitundu, umbuli ndi mantha. mzere A ndi muvi kochokera poyambira wa limafotokozera zosiyana, kutsogolera readout ku ziro kwa osawerengeka.

Ndipo ndi chimene "nthawi yathu ino"?

Chidwi n'chakuti kalendala yathu si anayambitsa kuyambira chiyambi cha nthawi yathu ino, koma patapita nthawi yaitali. Akukhulupirira kuti oyamba nthawi ya kubadwa kwa Yesu anatenga malo okha mu chaka cha 525, pamene Papa mmonke wake Dionisiyo. Anamveka ngati "Ambuye wa chaka." Lero, ife timati chabe: yathu ino. Olemba mbiri ena chibwenzi chiyambi cha ndondomeko ya kuwerengetsa kubadwa kwa Kristu, komanso kudziwa tsiku la Pasaka, ali kale mu m'ma III.

Kodi nthawi mzere wa mbiri?

Wina atha kuganiza nkhani yolondola, chifukwa mzere nthawi zonse mzere wolunjika. Koma tsopano, mwachirendo zokwanira, chiphunzitso cha nthawi liniya osati asayansi. Pali zitsanzo nthawi. Kwasonyeza ndi mazana makumi awiri, malo akhoza refracted, molakwika, adzakhale ndi zina zotero. D. The Tinganenenso chimodzimodzi za nthawi. Nthawi akhoza kukhala mozungulira, mwauzimu, parabola, ndi zina zotero .. Mwachitsanzo, onse la mawu otchuka kuti "zonse mu dziko lino akubwerezedwa," ndipo pali umboni nthawi zonse zakukwawa pa bwalo (nthawi cyclical). Ngati ife kuwonjezera kwa ichi osiyanasiyana maganizo "kutukuka", chisonyezo zozungulira ndi n'kukhala mwauzimu, mwachitsanzo kuyenda mu bwalo patsogolo patsogolo. Koma pali chiphunzitso chimene patsogolo mbiri ambiri palibe.

Nzeru za mbiri

Ndi chitukuko cha sayansi yamakono, vuto la nthawi ayamba zikuluzikulu za nzeru za mbiri, liwulo mndandanda wa mfundo za mbiri. Popanda kupita mfundo zokhudza, ndi Dziwani kuti worldview aliyense amayambanso masomphenya ake a "mzere nthawi". Zimenezi zikugwira onse kuti maganizo wakale m'nthano, zikhulupiriro za chipembedzo, ndi Mkhristu ndipo ano kaonedwe sayansi, komanso ambiri masiku ano ziphunzitso nthanthi zokhudza mavuto nthawi kumvetsa.

Koma pa yemweyo mfundo tisiye nzika wamba ku kumvetsa tsiku ndi tsiku lathu. Iwo chidwi ndi zothandiza asayansi, koma akhale plaything zowopsa manja a munthu kufunafuna chimwemwe yosavuta. mwakhama chonchi kungakhale tanthawuzo lolakwika ndi ntchito, motero mapeto onyenga ndi ntchito. Phunziro chiphunzitso zimenezi ayenera bwinobwino ndiponso kuti. Ndipo sangalalani mokwanira kudziwa kuti nthawi mzere ndi molunjika ndi mlingo.