Anthu a ku Greece: tanthauzo, kudzachita, mphamvu

V m'ma BC. e. Iye analowa mu mbiri ya Greece pansi pa dzina "golide". Izi ndi heyday wa demokalase - boma la anthu, akuyendera mwa kumalo a msonkhano. Kuti akhazikitse malamulo ndi olamulira osankhidwa adzaweruza anthu a Republic. maonekedwe ofanana akhala mitundu yonse yakale. The Germany chinali chinthu, mu Lazaro wakale - akulu, Turki - Kurultai, mu Ancient Rome - ikuluikulu Roma. dzina la Anthu Ancient Greece ndi chiyani, ndipo cheni ake?

gulu

Zonse zinayamba ndi misonkhano ya mafuko, ndiwo mzinda-limati unakula kukhala kusonkhana nzika kuthetsa nkhani zikuluzikulu m'moyo. chiyambi masiku kuchokera VI m'ma BC. e. Forum akukumana pa intervals nthawi 10 chaka, ndipo anadzakhala zonse, ndipo panali katatu konse mwezi umodzi. Amene anaitanidwa ku msonkhano otchuka mu Greece wakale? ufulu Political mwini yekha kwa anthu. zinthu ziwiri: iwo ayenera kukhala wopanda nzika m'ndandanda wapadera, ndi kukhala zaka zoposa 20. Sikuloledwa akapolo, metics (osamuka), akazi ndi ana.

kuwerengetsera zoyerekeza a mbiri yakale ali motere: a 450 zikwi okhala Attica mu maluwa nthawi ya ufulu wa boma ankasangalala 35. yekha Pamisonkhano chomwecho, anapezeka ndi kokha zikwi zingapo. Agiriki akale sanali kutsatila quorum, koma kuchita zinthu chofunika anthu osachepera 6000.

Kupambana waukulu wa demokalase anali kusowa kwa Choyenereza katundu. Komanso, pa mapeto a "m'badwo golide" kwa ophunzira msonkhano dziko kulipira ndalama zochepa. Ankachita zimenezi pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti alimi, anthu amalonda ang'ono ndi amisiri akhoza kusiya ntchito popanda kuwononga yokha. Pa Forum waukulu kukumana onse nzika yodalirika ndi olemera amadyerera Gimatov ndi anthu wamba osauka chlamydia, anamva zipewa ndi ndodo m'manja mwawo.

Place wa Anthu ku Greece

Pali malo atatu kumene kunali misonkhano zofunika kwambiri Athens:

• Pnyx phiri, lili Acropolis;
• msika, kapena malo a zamalonda;
• Piraeus yaing'ono doko mzinda wa likulu la Greece.

Kukwaniritsa malo portages kumbali zonse chingwe ofiira. Akapolo amphamvu, onyamula daggers ndi zikwapu, anasewera mbali ya polisi. opha Special kwambiri poona cordon ukubwera ndi poyerekeza ndi m'mabuku. Akunja, kuti awo, akapolo anali wopirikitsidwa. Pa phiri Pnyx anaika mabenchi, koma anthu ambiri anatenga mipando yawo pansi, pamene akudya ndi kumwa masana, chifukwa khamu otchuka a ku Greece anayamba m'mawa ndipo itha madzulo dzuwa litalowa. Pachikhalidwe anachita mwambo wa kubweretsa milungu. Kuzemba panyumba ansembe khamu kupha nkhumba, ndiyeno limati pemphero, imatsogolera chiyambi cha Forum lapansi.

mafunso Ofunika

Tsiku epistat osankhidwa. Zinali wapampando wa msonkhano, amene anali ndi zotsekulira za chuma ndi yosindikiza, anatsogolera phwando akazembe. Kunali kosatheka kuti kusankhidwa positi kawiri. C 510 BC. e. mzinda boma kasamalidwe mu yopuma pakati pa misonkhano ikuchitika "bungwe la mazana asanu." Nthambi Yolamula osankhidwa ndi zambiri. Lililonse m'maboma 10 - Phil imalemba 50 inakhazikitsidwa. nkhani zimene ena anachita nawo msonkhano dziko la Greece wakale?

Pakati competencies ake pachimake ali motere:

• Kukhazikitsidwa kwa malamulo. Akamufunsirire nzika iliyonse, koma icho chinali chinthu chofunika kwambiri. Ngati, pa kulingalira za "bungwe la mazana asanu," kunapezeka kuti zosemphana ndi malamulo kale, wolemba akhoza chindapusa.
• Zochita pa nkhani zofunika zokhudza ntchito ya usilikali, kusaina mapangano ndi kulipira mapangano. Mavuto awa zinakambidwa pa mofulumira kwambiri ndipo nthawizina zinachititsa kuti scuffle.
• Mafunso oletsedwa - ukapolo kwa zaka 10 anthu kuopseza mabwalo a ku Atene.
• Anakonza mwadzidzidzi yokhudza milandu alonda. Pankhaniyi, chosankha komaliza nthawi yotsala ya bwalo.

kutanthauza

Anthu a ku Greece wotchedwa Eklesia. Mphamvu Forum ndi yankho momwe kumasulira mawu a Chigiriki. Izi "mankhwala", "chopereka", koma kwenikweni - ulamuliro waukulu wa dziko la demokalase. Pa atsogoleri ake heyday anakhala mu okamba izi, chifukwa kutsogolo kwa iwo anayima ntchito kukopa ndi kutsogolera nzika ku Atene. A mbuye weniweni wa oratory anali Pericles. Za iye kuti, pokhala mdani pa masamba onse, iye anatha kutsimikizira omvera kuti anapambana. Mu nthawi yake ngati malipiro wakhala anayambitsa ena maudindo onse kuti anthu osauka akhoza kusankhidwa akuluakulu popanda kuopa kutaya gwero yaikulu ndalama.

Imene m'malo mayiko oligarchic, kuposa msonkhano otchuka mu Greece wakale? Khama tipeze yankho, izo Zatsala limodzi mwa makhalidwe a mphamvu. Si ulamuliro wake wapamwamba. Kukwaniritsa ufulu asagwiritse mabungwe ndi matabwa, kumene udindo waukulu nyimbo ndi olemekezeka ndi nzika olemera. The demokalase yeniyeni inathera ndi mapeto a "m'badwo wagolide."