Chiwerengero cha mavairasi a pakompyuta. Ipezeka pa zovuta

Mavairasi amatchedwa mtundu wapadera wa mapulogalamu a makompyuta okhala ndi code yotchedwa malicious code. Mndandanda wa mavairasi a pakompyuta, wotchulidwa pansipa, ndi ochuluka kwambiri. Chinthu chimodzi chikhoza kunenedwa motsimikizika - khalidwe la khalidwe la mapulogalamu onse owopsa ndi kuthekera kwawo kuchulukitsa. Mwa zina, mavairasi ndi owopsa chifukwa amatha kuchita zinthu zosiyana siyana popanda kudziwa kwa wogwiritsa ntchito, zomwe zimawononga pulogalamu ya pakompyuta.

Choncho, mavairasi a pakompyuta. Mndandanda wa iwo amafanana mofanana ndi kusamalitsa komanso kusanthula momwe zinthu zowonekera. Mavairasi a pakompyuta amayenera kuwabweretsa mu dongosolo linalake. N'zotheka kuchita izi, kutenga maziko monga zotsatirazi:

- malo;

- njira yothetsera malo omwewa;

- njira zosiyanasiyana zowononga;

- zizindikiro zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kachilombo ka HIV.

Tsopano ndikukuuzani za chigawo chilichonse mwatsatanetsatane.

Habitat. Chiwerengero cha mavairasi a pakompyuta

Ayenera kugawa m'magulu awa:

Sakani mavairasi. Amatha kulowetsamo mafayilo opangira. Mwachitsanzo, * .BAT, * .DLL, * .SYS, * .EX, * .COM.

Mavairasi otsekemera. Gwiritsani ntchito disk boot sector (Boot sector) kapena gawo lapadera, lomwe limaphatikizapo dongosolo la boot loader, lomwe limatchedwa Master Boot Record.

Mavairasi-macro. Iwo amaikidwa mkati mwa dongosolo ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito otchedwa macros (mwachitsanzo, Excel, Mawu).

Komanso, sitiyenera kuiwala kuti palinso mavairasi ophatikizana. Kawirikawiri, iwo ali pa fayilo-boot mtundu ndipo samangolandira owona okha, komanso boot chigawo. Kawirikawiri, mavairasi oterewa amakhala ndi njira zovuta kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuti athe kulowa mkati mwa njira momwe angathere ndi njira yapachiyambi, kuti asawone mwamsanga.

Njira za matenda. Chiwerengero cha mavairasi a pakompyuta

Wokhalamo. Kumbukirani, amachoka kwawo. Patapita kanthawi, imayamba kuyendetsa dongosolo lonselo. Mavairasi awa amakhalabe ogwira ntchito mpaka chipangizocho chibwezeretsedwanso kapena chatsegulidwa.

Osakhalamo. Zili ngati buku lenileni la zomwe zapitazo, koma kukumbukira sikusokoneza, ndipo kokha, monga lamulo, nthawi yochepa imakhala yogwira ntchito.

Chiwerengero cha mavairasi a pakompyuta, anapatsidwa mphamvu zawo zowonongeka

Zosavulaza. Mwamtheradi sizimakhudza ntchito ya chipangizocho. Choipa chokha - kufalitsa mofulumira komanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kukumbukira pa disk.

Sizoopsa. Gwiritsani ntchito kuchuluka kwa kukumbukira, komanso kungakope chidwi ndi zotsatira zosiyanasiyana, nthawi zambiri zomveka kapena zomveka.

Zoopsa. Zimayambitsa zolephera zazikulu pakagwiritsidwe ntchito kachitidwe.

Zosangalatsa. Zitsogolereni kutayika kwa mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana, kuwononga deta, kuchotseratu zidziwitso zofunika kuti ntchito yonseyo igwire bwino.

Mitundu ya mavairasi a pakompyuta malinga ndi kayendedwe kake

Mavairasi ndi anzake. Pangani mafayilo a satelanti kwa mafayilo a EXE. Dzina limakhala lofanana, koma kufalikira kumasintha ku COM. Kawirikawiri, mukamayendetsa fayilo yamtundu uwu, DOS poyamba amazindikira ndi kutulutsa fayilo ya COM, i.e. Virus.

Mavairasi ndiwo "mphutsi". Iwo ndi amodzi a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mavairasi. Pangani makope awo, kulandira COM-EXE sikukugwira ntchito.

Parasitic malware. Izi zikuphatikizapo mavairasi onsewa, omwe pazifukwa zina sangathe kukhala ndi magawo oyambirira kapena achiwiri a gulu ili.

Mavairasi a pakompyuta. Iwo ndi otchuka chifukwa chotha kulowa mu kompyuta kudzera pa intaneti ndi kutumiza makope awo. Musagwirizane ndi zipangizo za chipangizochi.

Polymorphic mavairasi. Osakhala ndi malo osungirako ntchito, omwe amasintha nthawi zonse, ndiye kuti ali m'gulu la omwe ali ovuta kuwazindikira.

Mavairasi a Macro. Mapulogalamu abwino omwe amalembedwa m'chinenero chilichonse.