Upandu: chiyani komanso chomwe izo ziri?

Mmodzi wa mitundu zoipitsitsa nkhondowo ndi kuukira pa lokopa, pamene mdani wa sayembekezera nkhondo. Mwatsoka, ili njira zachinyengo ntchito zambiri moyo wamba wamba, umatchedwa "zosangalatsa". Kodi njira iyi, ambiri angafunse? Mawu amenewa ali matanthauzo angapo, koma kutanthauzira boma ndi wosavuta komanso osapita m'mbali.

Tanthauzo la zonyoza zimayenda

Mawu "zonyoza zimayenda" chiyambi Latin, Chirasha anthu ambiri kutanthauziridwa monga kusiyana kapena kupatuka. Malinga ndi magwero boma la zithunzi ndi mtundu wina wa upandu otchulidwa m'nkhani 281 wa Russian Wachifwamba Code. Zimenezi n'zimene chigawenga chachitika ndi cholinga kukumba mmene chuma chikuyendera mu dziko ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu asilikali. Mfundo kwambiri ndi capacious ndithu, kuphatikizapo mitundu angapo.

ndi zinthu zotsutsana ndi boma chiyani?

Kotero, anaganiza kuonetsetsa pa masewera zotsatirazi:

• kuntchito (amatanthauza zomera, mafakitale, maofesi lonse);
• ndi nyumba za cholinga chuma (kwambiri chidwi Mwachitsanzo - mlatho, damu, mumphangayo, etc.);
• Maulalo zoyendera (zikuphatikizapo njanji, misewu, mapaipi, mobisa, etc.) ndi njira za kulankhulana (mayendedwe a mitundu yonse, kuyambira magalimoto liza sitima ndi ndege);
• maofesi cholinga kuonetsetsa umoyo wa anthu (malo, kukatentha).

Njira khalidwe lawo

N'zotheka m'kagulu ndi njira zonyoza zimayenda kotero mitundu otsatirawa akhoza kuwasiyanitsa:

• anachita kuwotcha dala;
• chionongeko (kuphatikizapo kudzera kuphulika ndi);
• osefukira;
• Organization za ngozi;
• upandu;
• njira zina umalimbana kugwa kwa chuma ndi dziko chitetezo asilikali.

mbali khalidwe la zonyoza zimayenda. Kumasiyana ndi zolakwa zina

Pali makhalidwe a chokhumudwitsacho monga zosangalatsa a. Mtundu wanji zina zabwino ndipo kodi mfundo yaikulu? Choyamba, ndi zosangalatsa nthawi zonse mokonzekera, munthu kuchita izo, amadziwa zochita zake ndi akudziwa zomwe zingabweretse. Cholinga kwambiri za mchitidwe chigawenga angakhale osiyana, koma cholinga yofanana - kuphwanya mtendere mu chuma ndi chitetezo asilikali a boma. Pamene gulu la kulakwa mungapeze zambiri zofanana zosangalatsa komanso gulu la machimo ena aakulu. Mwachitsanzo, ena mbali mofanana ndi kuba katundu wina ndi uchigawenga. Uchigawenga Mosiyana zosangalatsa zimagwiritsa basi kwa cholinga. Choncho, kachitidwe zigawenga umalimbana kupanga ngozi anthu, kuukira moyo ndi ntchito za anthu wamba.

Chernobyl - ngozi, chosasamala kapena zonyoza zimayenda?

Zonyoza zimayenda mu dziko lathu zimachitika nthawi zambiri. Izo Sizotheka kuwaletsa, ndipo nthawizina kuwulula. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, angapezeke mu Baibulo ufulu wa atolankhani kuti ngozi mu 1986 m'tauni ya Chernobyl - ndi zithunzi. Ndipotu, pali ngakhale Mabaibulo angapo, koma iwo sanali kusonkhanitsa umboni wokwanira ndipo si anatsimikizira ndi matupi boma. Mwachitsanzo, amaganiza kuti ngozi zingakhale ndi zotsatira za zochita za wothandizira a kazitape yachilendo kapena wompereka zichitike kudzera vuto la zigawenga. Othandiza Mabaibulo awa ntchito pa chakuti riyakitala nyukiliya nthawi ikuchitika boma yotsimikizira, ndi njira zonse zimene zikuyenda bwino-kugwira ntchito ndi khalidwe. Komanso, kukumbukira ndi mfundo yakuti US akazonde Kanema kusanachitike tsoka anatenga zithunzi mmodzi wa fakitaleyo. Chabwino, pa koyamba, mfundo izi sizovuta wololera ndipo ndithu, koma anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti si ngozi osati upandu. Kuli kotani tsono? chosasamala mwina zigawenga.

Ambiri akatswiri otchuka ntchito yawo kuyambira pachiyambi, mu masiku oyamba pambuyo ngozi, ananena kuti fakitaleyo anakonzedwa bwino, anali ndi ufulu otsika chitetezo, koma ndodo zawo ndinalibe lingaliro la ntchito yake ndi zochita zotheka pa ntchito mwadzidzidzi. Zokhuzana ndi zimenezi, ngozi Chernobyl zambiri mosalekeza, amene dzinari kufuna kuchitidwa posapita nthawi, osati upandu. A ngozi yoopsa, zomwe akumanidwa moyo, pogona, thanzi, kapangidwe watsiku ndi tsiku ndi tsiku, kusokoneza chilengedwe osati Soviet Union, komanso ku Ulaya, ungachitike chifukwa chosowa malangizo omveka ndipo miyezo.

Upandu ku Soviet Union

Zonyoza zimayenda mu Russia - si kawirikawiri, iwo zachitika Soviet Union, koma osati mfundo onse anafika nzika wamba, mfundo zambiri chinabisidwa kapena mwadala molakwika. Upandu waukulu wa nyengo kuti akhoza zimachitika ndi kuphulika pa payipi mpweya "Western Siberia-Ural-Volga dera". Chifukwa cha zochita chigawenga anawonongedwa osati kokha boma chuma, choopsa kwambiri n'chakuti imfa ya 645 ya anthu amtendere. Okwana malinga ndi atolankhani American, kuchokera mu 1982 mpaka 1989 mu Soviet Union panali 4 lalikulu zosangalatsa, zomwe zinachititsa kuti anthu akufa. Boma Soviet, ndipo kenako ku Russia, sakudziwika ndipo ankagwiritsa kulengeza uthenga umenewu.

wamba zokwanira kuti amvetse tanthauzo la zosangalatsa yaitali. Ndiko kuti, ife tikudziwa kale, koma kodi kuchita kuti sadalole mu kulimbana wosiyana pakati pa zigawenga ndi boma? Mwatsoka, funso sayankhidwa. Tiyeni ndikuyembekeza kuti ntchito ntchito ya matupi yazamalamulo ndi ungwiro wa ndondomeko malamulo m'munda wa adani ndi chilango cha olakwa.