Ntchito yaikulu ya lipids, kufunika kwa kagayidwe akukhudzidwira

Lipids ndi zovuta mankhwala, monga apamwamba mafuta zidulo ndi esters. Iwo sakudziwa kupasuka mu madzi, koma solvents organic. Ntchito yaikulu ya mafuta - structural ndi zolimbana, komanso kupereka thupi ndi mphamvu.

The structural udindo wa lipids ndi kuti apange maziko a nembanemba selo. Ntchito zolimbana a lipids - kupereka Kakhungu permeability ndi dongosolo cholandilira kuti amalola kuchita maselo catecholamine, acetylcholine, komanso insulin ndi cytokines. Komanso, mafuta kupereka colloidal boma la nembanemba selo, fluidity awo ndi ntchito ya michere ena, monga cytochrome oxidase, guanylate cyclase, ATPase. A mtundu osiyana zamadzimadzi (anatsalira), yomwe ndi steroid mahomoni, leukotrienes ndi kupatsidwa zinthu za m'mwazi-mphamvu chinthu angathe malamulo ntchito osati maselo munthu, komanso zimakhala ndi ziwalo.

Chosiyanasiyana zamadzimadzi udindo wawo mphamvu ya thupi, amene ntchito minofu chidule, mu ziwalo, makamaka impso ndi chiwindi, komanso mu ndondomeko ya ubongo.

Tikumbukenso kuti ntchito ya lipids ndi yogwirizana dongosolo lawo. Mkhalidwe ndi kachulukidwe awo zolondola zikuchokera amapereka ntchito ya maselo ndi ntchito yawo. Mwachitsanzo, nembanemba phospholipids zingakhudze onyamula mapuloteni ndi njira ion ndi kusintha ntchito zawo kumafuna kuphwanya ntchito za maselo ndi thupi lonse.

Mafuta ndi yofunika zinthu. Kuwonjezera ntchitozo, iwo akugwira nawo ntchito thermoregulation, monga ochititsa osauka kutentha. N'chifukwa chake subcutaneous mafuta m'munsi kumathandiza thupi kusunga kutentha. Tiyeneranso kuti mafuta thupi katundu cushioning, choncho akhoza kuteteza ziwalo (mwachitsanzo, impso) zisaonongeke makina, ngakhale owonjezera yake kungasokoneze pa ntchito zawo, amene kaŵirikaŵiri anati kuphwanya kagayidwe zamadzimadzi, monga kunenepa.

Ntchito othandizira a lipids kugwirizana ndi mavitamini mafuta-sungunuka, amene ali gawo la michere ambiri. Mafuta alinso gwero la madzi kagayidwe kachakudya chifukwa pa makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa zinthu madzi anapanga. Iwo ali gawo la sebum, amene kumathandiza dryness kwambiri wa khungu.

Popeza zofunika kwachilengedwenso ntchito ya mafuta, muyenera iwo ingested zedi okwanira. A opereka mankhwala awa ali nyama, nsomba, mtedza, masamba mafuta, mkaka ndi dzira yolks.

Mafuta kagayidwe mu thupi la munthu kumatengera zifukwa zambiri. Ngati kuphwanya wina deta osauka mayunitsi kagayidwe a zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana pathological ndi matenda - kunenepa, zingatiwonongere, lipodystrophy kapena lipidoses. Mu pathogenesis chitukuko makamaka kunama matenda a chimbudzi ndi mayamwidwe mafuta, chakhungu transmembrane awo zoyendera komanso kusintha kagayidwe kachakudya mwa selo.

pathologies izi yodziwika ndi mawonetseredwe yeniyeni matenda, kuphwanya chikhalidwe ambiri a munthu ndi amafuna matenda yake ndi mankhwala.