Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse - ndi ... angati m'banja nkhondo mbiri ya Russia

Pamene nkhondo mtundu wonse limatuluka kuteteza dziko, kaya kalasi ndi chuma, ndiye amatchedwa zoweta. M'mawu ena, World nkhondo - ndi pamene anthu akumenyana dziko lawo, ufulu wake ndi yomenyera Aisiraeli ali osati mokakamizika, koma pamaziko a zikhulupiriro zawo ndi makhalidwe abwino.

Kodi nkhondo zambiri mu Russia amaonedwa zoweta

Dziko Russian anali woyamba amatchedwa nkhondo ndi Napoleon. Official malamulo udindo m'banja muli nkhondo ziwiri:

1. Kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo ya 1812.
2. The Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo.

Ndipo mu 1812, ndipo mu 1945 anthu a Russia anagonjetsa adani, ankateteza ufulu mkhalidwe wawo. asilikali Russian paraded ku Paris mu 1814. A kupambana ofanana anali mu Berlin mu 1945. Kupambana kumeneku ndalama dziko ndi anthu ake a mavuto aakulu.

Kuwonjezera chakuti awa nkhondo anatenga ndalama yaikulu chuma chuma, imfa kwambiri chinali imfa ya zikwi (1812-1814) ndi mamilioni (1941-1945) anthu. Ngakhale izi, Russia wakhala kumbuyo statehood ake, ndi chifukwa cha kupambana anali wamkulu otchuka padziko lonse.

kuukira Napoleon pa asilikali Russian

nkhondo Russia ndi France pambuyo 1810 anali mu njira zambiri zifukwa mosalephera geopolitical, koma chifukwa ofunda kuti chiyambi chake anali kuphwanya pangano la Tilsit. Iwo anayamba August 12, 1812, pamene asilikali Napoleon ndi anagwira Russian linga la Kovno. The zipolowe woyamba adadza tsiku. chiwerengero cha a nkhondo patsogolo anali anthu 240.000.

Usilikali Russian sichinachotsedwebe modzidzimutsa ndi kumuukira, monga nagonjetsa kumbuyo mapulani nkhondo ndi asilikali Napoleon ndi ankatengedwa kuyambira 1810. Nkhondo yoyamba kumbuyo patsogolo Napoleon anatumiza asilikali a 1 ndi 2 na- Army. Army Choyamba kutsogoleredwa ndi Barclay de A Tolly, ndipo chachiwiri - Bagration. Chiwerengero cha asilikali a asilikali 153.000, omwe anali ndi zida 758 mfuti.

Zigawenga nkhondo monga mbali ya dziko

Mtundu wina wa kukana kuti magulu ankhondo Napoleon anali zigawenga kuyenda. Ndi zochita za asilikali Russian inakhazikitsidwa mayunitsi mafoni, amene bwinobwino imachitika kumbuyo mdani. Koma paokha, popanda thandizo la anthu, sangathe kuchita ntchito zawo. Anathandiza Anthu anasonyeza kuti kukana kuti Napoleon - weniweni World nkhondo II. Izi zatsimikiziridwa ndi asilikali - wamba amene anakhala nawo pa nkhondoyo, ndipo anthu amene anapereka asilikali Russian ndi zigaŵenga zankhondo ndi chakudya ndi chakudya.

Wamba m'zonse chawonongera dongosolo ndi zopempha ku French. Iwo anakana kuti tipereke chakudya - anatentha nkhokwe zawo zonse, kotero iwo sali kutenga mdani aliyense. Ngakhale kutentha nyumba zawo, ndiyeno anapita ku nkhalango limodzi ndi partisans. Ngwazi za nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse mu 1812, anatenga gawo mu gulu olimbanawo:

• Seslavin Alexander Nikitich;
• Denis Vasilevich Davydov;
• Ivan Semenovich Dorokhov;
• Alexander Samoylovich Figner.

Mwachidule za nkhondo ya 1812

Nthawi yoyamba asilikali French analanda malo Russian. Pamene lamulo la asilikali Russian lotsogoleredwa ndi Mikhail Kutuzov, njira imene analola kuti akunde mdani yapangidwa. The mthunzi wa Moscow anathandiza asilikali kothandiza ndiponso kuletsa pasadakhale Napoleon zambiri Russia.

Wotchuka Tarutino akamagwiritsa Kutuzov - kunyamuka kwa Moscow pambuyo Nkhondo ya Borodino ndi kusiya msasa wa asilikali pa Tarutino - kuloledwa likatembenuza mafunde a nkhondo. nkhondo Tarutino anali yoyamba Russian ntchito zimene anabweretsa chigonjetso undoubted. M'zaka za nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse za khumi nkhondo zikuluzikulu zimene zinapangitsa yake:

• pa Moleva chithaphwi;
• pansi wofiira;
• wa Smolensk;
• Valutina mu mapiri;
• Borodino;
• pa Tarutino;
• Maloyaroslavets.

Nkhondo itatha ndi asilikali Napoleon mu May 1814, pambuyo agonje kwa Paris ndipo kusaina pangano mtendere. asilikali Russian paraded ku Paris. Komabe, izi si World nkhondo II, ndi limodzi mwa magawo a kumasulidwa kwa Europe. A nkhondo a 1812 chaka, anapereka Ndondomeko ya Alexander Ine, inatha pambuyo nkhondo pa November 14-16 pafupi ndi mtsinje Berezina. Nkhondo ya 1812 - uyu kumasonyeza kulimba mtima asilikali ndi njira anzeru, ndipo amapezerapo anthu onse, mphamvu zonse mumatsutsana ndi mdani.

Great kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo

Germany, mosatengera kuti pangano mtendere lalembedwa mu chaka cha 39, mu June, linaphwanya mayiko a Soviet Union. June 22, Wamkulu kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo ya 1941-1945. mapulani Hitler envisaged blitzkrieg - mphezi chokhumudwitsacho ndi kulanda dziko la Soviet Union mu miyezi ingapo. njira zimenezi Hitler ntchito kuyambira 39, zomwe zinamuthandiza kuti analanda theka la Europe.

Komabe, mu nkhondo yolimbana ndi Soviet Union, njira imeneyi sanali kulipira ngongole. Ngakhale mu zaka zoyambirira za Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse (1941-1942) dziko la Germany anakhoza kupambana gawo ndithu, koma si zogwirizana ndi dongosolo "Barbarossa". dongosolo Izi pakuti chimaliziro cha ntchito asilikali ndi kumapeto kwa 1941, ndi Russia, pa nthawi imeneyo, anali kalekale kutha kwa mapu ndale za dzikoli.

Anthu Soviet anasonyeza kuti Great kukonda dziko lako nkhondo - alidi nkhondo anthu. Chosasimbika ungwazi asilikali akulephera patsogolo kummawa a asilikali German. Nawonso mayunitsi zigawenga zikumangidwa pansi mphamvu yaikulu ya Wehrmacht, zinkachititsa kupereka chakudya ndi zipolopolo. zinthu izi zathandiza pazipita m'mbuyo nagonjetsa, kudziunjikira angathe usilikali ndipo likatembenuza mafunde a nkhondo.

Chiwonetsero cha anthu Soviet pankhondo ungwazi

The Great kukonda dziko lako nkhondo anawulula makhalidwe abwino anthu Soviet. Changu cha kudzimana chifukwa cha kwawo ndi mtima - makhalidwe amenewa si kupatulapo koma ponseponse. Ngwazi za nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse - pali anthu ambirimbiri. Pa 11 zikwi anthu anapatsidwa udindo Hero wa Soviet Union. Mu nthawi ya 1941-1945. Iwo chinali pafupifupi 38 miliyoni malamulo ndi mendulo. A mbali yaikulu anali kupereka atamwalira.

mabuku ambiri kufotokoza zochita za nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, anajambula kwambiri mafilimu, zomwe zikuonetsa zochita ungwazi wa asilikali Soviet ndi partisans. Chimodzi mwa zitsanzo yowala kwambiri kulimba mtima:

• Feat Matrosov. thupi lake yokutidwa mdani bunker ndipo tiyeni wagawo wake kuchita nkhondowo ntchito.
• Feat Gastello. Frantsevich Nicholas analumpha kuchokera ndege moto, namtumiza pakatikati pa asilikali mdani ndi zida.
• Feat Catherine Zelenko. Pa nkhondo, pamene ndege ake opanda mafuta, iye anapita nkhosayo ndi kumumenya ndi womenya mdani.

Mibadwo ya Nkhondo

Chiyambireni cha nkhondoyi asilikali Soviet anamenyera nkhondo kudzitchinjiriza ndipo anakakamizika abwerere. Kumapeto kwa 1942 - chiyambi cha 1943 anakwanitsa ayambitse nkhondo lonse. Stalingrad ndi Kursk nkhondo anasandutsa. The Great kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo ya 1941-1945. Ndimakumbukira zinthu zimenezi Soviet Union kuti:

• June 22, 1941 - achinyengo nkhondo ya asilikali a ku Germany.
• Kuchokera June kuti September 1941 Minsk, Vilnius, Riga, Talin, Kiev analandidwa.
• Kuchokera July 10 September 10, 1941 inatenga Nkhondo ya Smolensk.
• September 1941-27 January 1944 apitirizebe anatseka misewu ya Leningrad.
• September 1941-April 1942. - asilikali German anali patsogolo pa mzinda wa Moscow.
• Kuyambira m'ma July 1942 mpaka February 1943 inatenga kumenyana Stalingrad (Stalingrad).
• July 1942-October 1943. - Battle kwa Caucasus.
• Mu July-August 1943, akuluakulu thanki nkhondo (Nkhondo ya Kursk).
• Kuchokera August kwa October 1943 zinatha Smolensk amanyansidwa ntchito.
• Mapeto a September 1943 - ulendo wa Dnieper.
• Mu November 1943, anawamasulira Kiev.
• March 1, 1944 kwathunthu kuchotsa anatseka misewu ya Leningrad.
• Mu April 1944 iye anatulutsa Crimea.
• Mu July 1944, Minsk ndi anamasulidwa.
• Mu September ndi November 1944 anamasula mayiko Baltic.

Kubwezeretsa malire ndi chigonjetso

Pakutha 1944, boma la Soviet Union, gawo anabwezeretsedwa malire monga poyamba kuukira German. Kenako anayamba ntchito ya usilikali pa dera la ku Ulaya, anagwidwa ndi asilikali a ku Germany. Atamasulidwa, izo unkatchedwa zolawula pa dera la Germany kuyambira mu 1945. Chigonjetso chomaliza ku Great kukonda dziko lako nkhondo pambuyo pa May 8 German lamulo anasaina chida cha kudzipereka.

Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, amene anasonyeza kulimba mtima ndi mphamvu ya anthu Soviet anakupatsani maphunziro ambiri abwino. Kupambana pankhondo imeneyi analola Soviet Union osati kuteteza ufulu, komanso kukhala ndi chitsogozo player pa dziko geopolitical powonekera.