Chikhalidwe wapawiri wa munthu, kapena munthu ilidi pakati pa maiko awiri

Mwina, aliyense angathe kukhutira kuti anthu - pali kwachilengedwenso. Kaya kunena za Mpingo uwu, chifukwa cha kuyandikana kwa kapangidwe anatomical, Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa Homo sapiens kwa anyani lalikulu ndi lodziwikiratu. Chikhalidwe zamoyo munthu bwino anatengera ife ku nyama. anthu onse ali wamanjenje dongosolo ndi magazi, mukhale ndi zina mwa ziwalo, amene alipo mu matupi a osati anyani, komanso nyama zina ngakhale mbalame. Kumlingo, uyu anachokera ku zinyama mosamalitsa wotsimikiza. majini makolo kutithandiza kumvetsa msinkhu, khungu, tsitsi ndi maso, ngakhalenso matenda otengera kwa makolo.

Koma Mafunde onse nthanthi ya behaviorism chikhalidwe kumangom'bweretsera okha amene chikhalidwe chawo, akuwuka kwa chilengedwe kwachilengedwenso. Anthu zolengedwa chikhalidwe. The filosofe a "munthu" akuphatikizapo thupi (thupi) ndi munthu (munthu phunziro). Ndipo ngati zina mankhwala zako zimachitika pa ntchito yofunika thupi - kuloŵerera shuga, patsogolo mpweya, kusankha slag, mpweya woipa ndi zina zotero, ndi osiyana kwambiri, zinthu zambiri zovuta ndondomeko pa mlingo wa munthu. Chikhalidwe chikhalidwe cha moyo wa munthu wa chamoyo si. Tanthauzo la moyo, malo aliyense payekha ali ndi anthu okhudzidwa ndi anthu monga mmene mafunso machulukitsidwe ndi kubereka ana.

Ngati katundu zamoyo lake ali wobadwa nawo, anapeza anthu chikhalidwe okha. Izi si malo mtsutso ziti zimakhudzidwa chilengedwe Pawokha - chikhalidwe chikomokere, maphunziro kapena maganizo ochuluka paubwana - n'kofunika: mfundo zonsezi si mu dziko chuma, koma ndege chosiyana. Choncho, umunthu ndi ziwiri: thupi lake iye ali wa dziko chuma, ndi mtima ndi malingaliro - wina, ndi wina. Kukafika umoyo-kwachilengedwenso kapena biosocial kuti yalunjika wina? Tikhoza kunena kuti chikhalidwe cha zamoyo anthu - ndi chofunika kuti moyo wawo mu dziko lino, koma akamanena za mtundu wa anthu - mwa sociality wake.

Mwana wabadwa, sankadziwa yekha kukhala. Iwo akutsogozedwa ndi nzeru zachibadwa: chilakolako kukhala ofunda, wouma ndi chakudya chabwino. Kenako amayamba kuphunzira gwero la kutentha ndi satiety - mayi. Koma iye amadziwa empirically, ndi zinthu zina dziko lino: ozizira, njala, ngozi. Kumavuto awa kachiwiri anapulumutsa mayi ndi bambo. Kulumikizana ndi makolo anu, kuchita nawo awa ubale yosavuta chikhalidwe mwanayo ali "waumunthu". zinthu Sociocultural anayamba akuwapondereza. mwanayo ali wamng'ono kudyetsedwa ndi ofunda, ndikofunika kumva. Choncho chikhalidwe cha munthu, kuyambira zamoyo, iri yofulumira ku munda wa uzimu, pamene ntchito yaikulu ankaimba ndi mfundo ngati chosaoneka ndi maso monga chikondi, kukoma mtima, udindo.

Kukula, mwana amadziwa nthambi wake monga cholengedwa kwachilengedwenso m'dziko lino. Koma moyo wa munthu nthawi zonse lolunjika pa osawerengeka, muyaya. Tikhoza kunena kuti chikhalidwe cha munthu - mtanda wolemera wa kupatuka kwa chilengedwe. Amakankhira gawo chuma cha kudzikonda anthu, ndi umunthu zaka (ndi matenda) akuona mlendo ku dziko lino, anasiya mu "vale ndi chisoni." Ngati moyo likamanena yokha ndi chotengera chake - thupi, tsoka la n'zosapeŵeka: mthunzi wa imfa sidzakhalaponso zikuvutitsa munthu ndi poizoni kukhalako kwake.

Mwina tiyenera kuganiza: bwanji kuti luso limeneli kukonda, kuyamikira chifukwa tili mphamvu zokongoletsa za kukongola, makhalidwe abwino? Ndipotu, ife tiribe kanthu mu chuma ndi chikhalidwe zopanda moyo. Yima kunja kwa dziko la anthu ophweka kwachilengedwenso kudzera kusanduka, Homo sapiens mu zina unasiya kukhala monga munthu kwachilengedwenso - adayamba kukakumana ndi dziko chuma, reshaping kuti "okha." Nzosadabwitsa existentialists mwazindikira kuti timaona si kunyumba ndi ukapolo ndi kumenyera ufulu ndi nyumba iyi. Tikhoza kunena kuti umunthu - ndi dziko chuma, dziko wauzimu. "Ine sadzafa - Horace analemba - mbali yabwino kuthawa chiwonongeko wanga."