Nkhondo ya Trafalgar

Nkhondo ya Trafalgar - wapadera chochitika anathetsa mkangano yaitali pakati pa Britain ndi France, nkhondo limatchedwa "wachiwiri zaka mazana 'nkhondo."

Mu 1805, kutsogolera mphamvu dziko ku Ulaya inali ya asilikali a ku French Ufumu wotsogozedwa ndi Napoleon. Ndipo nyanja inali mphamvu yaikulu ya English Royal asilikali apanyanja, amene anayambitsa French panyanja anatseka misewu zokhudza malonda ake, ndi yolimbikitsa ya apanyanja. Ngakhale yokopa angapo bwino zedi, French bwinobwino kuswa anatseka misewu. Ndiyeno Napoleon n'kupita mfundo yomweyo, kukhazikitsa ndi anatseka misewu chokhala, analetsa onse kusiya izo mayiko kusinthanitsa ndi UK. Zimenezi, kusokoneza mauthenga a British Isles ndi Europe.

Chinali vuto zankhondo ndiponso zandale mu gawo ili la dziko, ndi pa anthu malo Nkhondo ya Trafalgar zinachitika.

Napoleon ankadziwa kuti England - chopunthwitsa chachikulu kuti mapulani ake kuligonjetsa. Mu yomweyi, anali ndi adani a Malta, Corsica, Corfu - chilumba, zomwe zinali za mdani wake ndipo zapansi pamalo abwino ofunika thandizo.

Nkhondo ya Trafalgar - nkhondo mbiri pakati pa French ndi Spanish ndi English asilikali apanyanja. Linayamba October 1805 pa gombe la Spanish Atlantic pafupi Cape Trafalgar, pambuyo amene dzina lake.

Osati zokhazo mapulani athu kulanda anthu amene ankawalamulira British, Napoleon ankafuna kuti kutera pa lalikulu ankafika m'dera la Albion, ndi kukonzekera ntchito imeneyi, amatchedwa "Boulogne ulendo."

Kwenikweni, izo kotero anayamba nkhondo ya Trafalgar, ndi English Channel kwenikweni piringupiringu ndi zombo French asilikali, zomwe zinapangitsa chidwi cha zombo British.

Izi nkhondo panyanja, omwe anakhala molimba wachiwiri zaka mazana nkhondo France inanyamuka ake - Spain - anataya frigates zoposa makumi awiri, pamene gawo la UK zida za nkhondo zomvetsa kulibe. Komabe, Trafalgar kutha njira zozizwitsa za moyo wa British wotsatila asilikali Nelson. Pambuyo nkhondo imeneyi dzina lake lodziwika bwino chizindikiro cha Britain panyanja.

Olowa mndandanda wa Spain ndipo France mu lamulo la French dziko, asilikali Per Vilnev.

squadron British oletsedwa zombo Franco-Spanish. Asilikali Villeneuve adalandira m'malangizo Napoleon ndi kugumula lazungulira ndi kuthawa m'Nyanja ya Mediterranean kwa kukumananso ndi kukhala kumeneko kumuwombera Spanish. Komabe, mosiyana ndi bungwe Admirals Villeneuve unachitikira wakale machenjerero wosakwatiwa mzere. Iye anamanga Franco-Spanish zombo mu mzere umodzi.

Nkhondo ya Trafalgar anali limodzi ndi mphepo yamphamvu ntchito mokomera British: a mafunde angaletsedwe kayendedwe ka sitima mgwirizano. Nelson mwamsanga, mwayi uwu ndi kuswa unyolo ngalawa, kutumiza patsogolo pa yachangu wa iwo. French ndi Spanish frigates anabalalika.

Bakuman ali kuti Trafalgar nkhondo anayamba kuchokera nthawi imene wotsatila asilikali Nelson mwakachetechete anauka pa flagship ake "Victoria" mbendera chizindikiro kusonyeza: ". England amafuna kuti msilikali aliyense atenge kuchita ntchito yake" mawuwa nthawizonse kukhala mu malingaliro a ku England, zaka pambuyo pa mapeto a nkhondo nthawi zambiri tamutchula ndi M'mawu akeake, anagwira.

Trafalgar wakhala mbali ya Nkhondo ya Coalition ndi Chachitatu, ndi wina wa lofunika kwambiri mavuto m'madzi kwa zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi. Ndipo England chigonjetso zotsimikizirika chapamwamba mwa madzi a dziko, unakhazikitsidwa m'ma XVIII. Pambuyo kugonjetsedwa kwake, Napoleon anasiya aukali dongosolo cholimbana kum'mwera kwa England, mmalo mopita ku nkhondo mphamvu ina yaikulu ku Europe: Austria ndi Russia.