Nkhokwe ya Kazakhstan ndi tanthauzo lake

Nkhokwe ya Kazakhstan zinalengedwa pa nthawi zosiyanasiyana pofuna kuteteza malo awa chikoka chomwe anthu ndi kuteteza malo awo kwa mitundu osowa wa mbalame, nyama ndi zomera. Pakali pano, ku Kazakhstan pali 10 nkhokwe chikhalidwe.

Almaty malo unapangidwa bungwe ku Trans-Ili Alatau, mu 1931. Today m'dera la mapiri Nature Reserve ali 80 chikwi. Mahekitala.

Zolinga zazikulu ndi ntchito, amene anathana ndi Almaty Reserve, komanso nkhokwe ena Kazakhstan, - kuphunzira ndi chitetezo cha madera achilengedwe zachilengedwe, ndi kufalitsa malingaliro a chitetezo chikhalidwe, komanso zinthu kukawona malo.

Reserve mitunda ndi osiyanasiyana kwambiri, izo chimakwirira foothill steppes, nkhalango, coniferous ndi deciduous ndi ya m'mapiri madambo ndi mitsinje. Oundana kungadzutse phiri mitsinje ya Issyk, Talgar ndi Chilik ndi zatenga oposa 30% ya malo okwana. m'gawo lake ndi chidwi chinthu chikhalidwe - mchenga milu "Kuimba Sands".

The zomera za malo ndi chuma kwambiri, moyo pano mitundu 38 ya nyama zakuthengo ndi mitundu pa 190 mbalame. otetezedwa ndi kunyumba ndi osowa nyama - ndi chisanu kambuku, komanso zosiyanasiyana nyama, kuphatikizapo mphungu, nswala, agwape, insa, argali. Ogwirira angapezeke Tien Shan bulauni chimbalangondo, nkhandwe, nkhandwe, marten. A ambiri mitundu ya nyama ndi zomera amapezeka mu malo zalembedwa mu Red Book of Kazakhstan.

Pamene malo ali kowonera zakale kumene inu mukhoza kuwona zinyama ndi zomera okhala m'dera ake. Chidwi kwambiri ndi m'nyumbayi wa acclimatization wa njati mu Tien Shan ndi kubwezeretsa mitundu ya mtengo wapatali kwambiri wa conifers.

Mu 1934, nkhokwe Kazakhstan ndi kudzadza ndi zone wina chitetezo. Naurzum Reserve lili Region Kostanay, m'gawo lake ndi 80 000 ha. Iwo unalengedwa kuteteza Naurzum boron, lomwe ndi limodzi mwa nkhalango kwambiri kum'mwera pine ku Kazakhstan, ndi nyanja - kukaikira mazira waterfowl. Pa m'gawo lake chimakhala chogwidwa ndi mitunda mchenga ndi mitengo ya paini ndi pafupi ndi nkhalango fescue zigwa nthenga udzu steppe, komanso soda-saline madzi m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndipo nyanja Zharkol, Sarymoyyn, Chushkoly, Aksuat.

malo ndi nyumba mitundu pa 140 ya mbalame ndi mitundu 20 ya nyama zakuthengo, ndi zomera amakhala ndi kukhalapo kwa steppe ndi mitundu nkhalango. Pa m'gawo lake anthu osowa woyera chimeza, ndi manyumba ogona zosiyanasiyana kwambiri waterfowl pa nyanja, kuphatikizapo amenewa kawirikawiri monga pochard ndi greylag tsekwe. Pa Nyanja Sarymoyyn, Aksuat ndi chilimwe zina ndi kugwa muti masauzande waterfowl ndi Western Siberia ndi kudutsa kumpoto Kazakhstan.

Mu Naurzum Reserve amachita kafukufuku umalimbana kuphunzira mogwirizana kwa steppe, nkhalango komanso nyanja zinyama, mavuto ayambe nkhalango paini, zomwe anawonongedwa mu 1964 ndi moto.

nkhokwe Kazakhstan ndi zofunika kwambiri, amene sakhoza kukambapo. Iwo kuteteza dziwe jini ku okwana ikutha, ndi kupereka lingaliro la biocenoses achilengedwe, ambiri m'dera la.