Njira mawu lomenyera Russian

Chirasha - chodabwitsa osatha wodalirika. Iye yomweyo sagwirizana zimene zikuchitika. chilankhulo nthawi zonse kupanga mawu atsopano, maganizo akale kupita, kenako mukhoza kubwerera chinenero ndi tanthauzo latsopano. Izi zinachitika Mwachitsanzo, mawu zashuga. Izo zachoka chinenero, pamodzi ndi kutha kwa ntchito. Komabe, mu nthawi ya perestroika, pamene anayamba takisi payekha, mawu kumbuyo mu amalankhula. Masiku ano, m'mizinda yambiri, wotchedwa madalaivala takisi oletsedwa.

Pamene mawu anapanga chinenero cha Chirasha? njira derivation zosiyana. Chinenero cha Chirasha pali njira zinayi zikuluzikulu, omwe ali gradations ake ndi mbali.

1. asonyeza osati Russian, komanso m'zinenero zonse Asilavo imatengedwa njira morphological. Zimatengera chilengedwe cha mawu atsopano pogwiritsa ntchito morpheme. Mkati, pali mitundu ingapo ya mawu mapangidwe ntchito morpheme. Morpheme amatchedwanso watanthauzo osachepera unit wa chinenero m'gulu zikuchokera mawu ndi eigenvalue. Mmene izi, njira morphological mawu mapangidwe lagawidwa:

• Prefixed pamene mwamatapo poyambirira pa muzu lonse. (Nthawi zonse - muyaya, wokongola - wokongola kwambiri, kupita - apite, kuwala - mbandakucha).
• Suffix. Mwamatapo waima pambuyo muzu, ndipo zaikidwa maziko ake. (Ntchito - ntchito, kulemba - kulemba, Weaver - kuluka, chabwino - wokongola).
• Prefixed-suffixed njira derivation, monga dzina lake likunenera, mawu atsopano popangidwa ndi kuphatikana munthawi yomweyo kwa manambala oyambirira m'munsi ndi postfix. (Tsamba - sill, kulemba - chizindikiro, kugwa - m'dzinja). The zambiri kupangidwa ngati kasewenzetsedwe ka mau (kuyenda - ndalama), manauni (chisanu - snowdrop).
• Bessuffiksny njira ya mawu mapangidwe ndi mawu akuti "chitaya" ndipo mapeto a suffix lapansi. Nthawi zambiri, kotero-anapanga manauni mawu. (Kutentha - Kutentha, chinangwa - kutukwana). Koma pali zina zimene mungachite (lonse - kupingasa, wakuda - wakuda).
• Kuwonjezera. Mawu akhoza kupangidwa powonjezera mawu lonse (bedi-Sofa, foni thandala), mawu zimayambira (malipiro, masewero olimbitsa), mwa polumikiza za mawu (steelworker, Pathfinder), makalata koyamba (MSU, apolisi magalimoto, Theatre kwa Young People Mat).

Pali njira zina za mawu mapangidwe.

2. lexical-zamalankhulidwe. Pankhaniyi, munthu wodziwika mawu, monga anagawikana mu homonyms (osiyana tanthauzo koma ofanana mu katchulidwe kapena kalembedwe mawu a). Njira - ndi chidwi chitsimikiziro cha mphamvu ya chinenero chodabwitsa ndi. The manenedwe a kusintha mawu, chifukwa ndi matanthauzo osiyana mawu osokoneza yobwerera kapena kugwirizana awo atayika pa nthawi. (Ankhonya - wothamanga galu, Ester - ndi mawu mpweya wailesi, kuluka - chida, mtsinje kuluka wamkazi tsitsi, chinkhupule - kalasi invertebrates mankhwala a thovu).

3. Morphological ndi syntactic, chimene mawu "kusintha" mbali ya kulankhula. (Mu ƈ Izi (adj) chipinda -. Bafa (nauni), ayisikilimu, keke.).

4. Lexical ndi malembedwe, amene amalola kupanga mawu atsopano ndi merging awiri "lakale" (chisanu, tsopano, kanthawi kochepa).

Zonse izi njila ya derivation khalidwe la zilankhulo Russian ndi Asilavo, amatumikira monga chida yothandiza kayankhulidwe. Komabe, osati mawu utangoyamba kudzaza lexicon.

M'pofunikanso kutchula chinthu monga pobwereka ku zinenero zina. zodabwitsazi, pa dzanja limodzi, ziribe kanthu kochita ndi mawu-mapangidwe. Komano, pogwiritsa ntchito anabwereka mawu atsopano (makamaka amalankhula) Nthawi zambiri anapanga zotsatirazi njira mawu mapangidwe. Choncho panali kompyuta (anu kompyuta) kung'anima galimoto (kuchokera khadi kung'anima).

Mawu mapangidwe, komanso zigawo zina zonse chinenero, momveka dekhetsa. Mchikhalidwe ophatikizidwa m'madikishonale mabuku, adzalamulira mabuku.