Njira M4, malo olipidwa: momwe mungayendere pozungulira?

Ngakhale nzika zija zomwe sizinatulukire ku Russia, zimamva kuti kunja kwa mayendedwe pamsewu, komanso pogwiritsa ntchito milatho ndi tunnel, muyenera kugwiritsira ntchito. Tsopano ndi mu Russia wathu wokonzedwanso, amisiri amalonda anayamba kupanga ndalama kuti ayende pamsewu. Chitsanzo chochititsa chidwi cha izi ndi njira ya M4 (Don). Malo olipidwa pa izo adawonekera mu 1998. Tsopano pamsewu uwu muli makilomita oposa 530, ndipo posachedwapa adzakhala pafupifupi kawiri. Kodi, popanda malipiro, kodi mawebusaitiwa akusiyana ndi njira zina zaulere? Kodi pali phindu kuligwiritsa ntchito? Monga madalaivala omwe sakufuna kufalitsa magazi awo, kodi mungathe kufika paulendo popanda kuchoka? Tiyeni tiwone izo.

Mbiri yakale

M4 njira, yomwe magawo awo olipiridwa amachititsa kuti anthu ayambe kutsutsana kwambiri, amachokera ku Moscow kupita ku Novorossiysk kudutsa mumzinda waukulu ngati Voronezh, Rostov-on-Don ndi likulu lakumwera la Russia Krasnodar. Kutalika kwake ndi 1543.7 km. Mbali ya njira iyi yochokera ku Moscow kupita ku Rostov-on-Don nthawiyina inkatchedwa nambala ya 5 ndipo inamangidwa kumapeto kwa zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi zazaka zapitazo. Panthawi imeneyi msewu unali wamagulu awiri, ndi m'lifupi mwa nsalu ya mamita 7 okha. Pazaka zokonzanso, zomangamanga zake zinayamba, pamene magetsi sankayikidwa, ndiko kuti, akuyesera kuti apange liwiro. Mu 1990, adalamulidwa ndi 18.4 km, kuphatikizapo malo awiri mu chigawo cha Domodedovo. Mpaka chaka cha 2000, kuyendetsedwa kwa msewu waukulu wa M4 kunapitirizabe kugwira ntchito, motero njirayo inakhala kilomita 500 kutalika ndipo inatambasulidwa ku Dzhugba, kuphatikizapo msewu waukulu wa Sukhum ku Novorossiysk womwe unalowa, ndi makilomita 135 a malo ophatikizapo awiri omwe ali ndi mayendedwe 8. Anamangidwa m'madera a Moscow ndi Tula omwe amapereka ndalama kuchokera ku bajeti ya boma. Panthawi imeneyo, ndalama sizinasonkhanitsidwe kuti adziwe kudzera M4.

Malo olipidwa

Chifukwa cha zomangamanga ndi njira zowonongeka, izi zinawonjezereka mphamvu zake ndipo zinakhala njira yabwino M4. Malo olipidwa pa izo anayamba kuonekera kuyambira 1998. Woyamba unali wamtunda wa makilomita 20 okha ndipo anazungulira mudzi wa Khlevnoe. Anapeza njira iyi ndi mavitamini, monga iyo inakhala njira yoyamba ku Russia. Kuchokera mu 2000, kumangidwanso ndi kumanga malo opitilirapo kunkachitidwa ndi ntchito zotheka. Chotsatiracho chinali yomweyo malo awiri olipira:

1. Pa makilomita 225.6-260 (kutalika kwa mtunda wa makilomita 35 kuchokera mumzinda wa Bogoroditsk). Tsopano kuchokera ku Moscow Ring Road kupita ku icho, pafupifupi kutalika konse kwa njirayo kulipiridwa (kupatula kachigawo kakang'ono ka 14 km kuchokera kumsewu wopita ku M4 ndi njira yopita ku Ulovaya musanawoloke msewu wopita kumudzi wa Chernaya Gryaz).

2. Pa 287.8-321.3 makilomita (kutalika kwa kutalika kwa 34 Km m'tawuni ya Efremov).

Tsopano madalaivala a magalimoto akulipira pano kuchokera ku ruble 35, malingana ndi nthawi ya tsiku ndi magalimoto a magalimoto, ndi madalaivala a magalimoto - kuchokera ku ruble 240.

Zosintha zamakono

Mu 2010, kampaniyo "Avtodor" inakhala mtsogoleri wa "Don" njira, yomwe ili yabwino kwambiri pa ulendo woperekedwa kwa madalaivala.

Akatswiri a kampaniyo adayamba kufufuza njira ya msewu ndikuyamba kukonza, panthawi imodzimodziyo kumanga misewu yatsopano. Chotsatira chake, msewu waukulu wa M4 unakhala woyenera kwambiri, komanso wotsika mtengo. Malo olipidwa kuyambira 2010 anaonekera pa makilomita otere:

- 330,8-414,7 (malo a mudzi wa Yarkino ndi Yelets tauni).

- 416.9-464 (malo a Zadonsk).

Pogwiritsa ntchito mzinda wolemekezeka wa Voronezh, zida zingapo zinamangidwa ndi makilomita 141 kutalika. Iwo amayamba pa 492 km, ndipo amatha pa 633 km, akukwera Voronezh, Novaya Usman ndi Rogachevka. Kuyika kwaufulu apa ndi kochepa kwambiri, kotero kuti mfundo zitatu zolipira zimayikidwa pafupi.

Njira M4, ziwembu zopanda malire (2016)

Kampani ya Avtodor idzapitirizabe kudutsa pamsewu wa "Don" wa msewu, womwe ukhoza kuyendetsedwa kwaulere. Kotero, mu 2016, malo awiri atsopano okhala ndi makilomita 190 anatha kulipira. Yoyamba imayamba pa 21 km (kunja kwa Moscow Ring Road) ndipo imatha 72 km. Yachiwiri imayambira ku chizindikiro ichi ndipo imathamanga makilomita 118. Malipiro ochepetsera choletsedwa ndi kawiri, nthawi yoyamba - kuchokera pa ruble 50 mpaka 140, kachiwiri - kuchokera ku ruble 80 mpaka 450. Pakati pa 2020, "Avtodor" adzalandira 892 km. Tsopano kutalika kwake ndi 531 km. Madalaivala ena amafunitsitsa kuti antchito "Avtodor" azichita chiyani akadzafika poti azilipiritsa ndalamazo ndi kunena kuti ndalamazo zaiwalika panyumba. Yankho silingalimbikitse - madalaivalawa adzakakamizidwa kuti abwerere, koma palibe amene angadzutse choletsedwa chachinyengo cha iwo.

Ndi malo angati olipidwa pamsewu waukulu M4 ("Don")

Kufotokozera mwachidule zomwe zili pamwambazi, mukhoza kuwona kuti lero panjira yochokera ku Moscow kupita ku Rostov-on-Don idzagonjetsa malo okwana 9. Ndi madera, amagawidwa motere:

- 2 ku Moscow;

- 2 ku Tula;

- 2 ku Lipetsk;

- 3 ku Voronezh.

Kuwonjezera pamenepo, ku Lipetsk dera, 5 amapereka congresses pamsewu.

Kawirikawiri, kulipira ulendo wochokera ku Moscow kupita ku Rostov-on-Don tsopano kulipira galimoto kuchokera ku rubles 510, ndi magalimoto - kuyambira 2660 rubles kumbali imodzi, koma zotheka kuti mitengo idzasintha.

Makhalidwe Abwino

Madalaivala panthawi imodzimodzi ndi funso la malo omwe amalipidwa pamsewu waukulu M4, iwo ali ndi chidwi ndi funsolo, zomwe ayenera kulipira. Kuyambira MKAD kupita ku msonkhano kupita kumudzi wa Vidnoe pamsewu muli misewu 8. Komanso, ku Saratov - 6 magulu, ndi pambuyo - 4 magulu. Monga madalaivala amachitira umboni, ubwino wa msewu ndi wabwino, koma liwiro la magawo olipidwa siliposa 110 km / h. Pakati pa msewu mulibe zipinda zapakhomo, zipangizo zamakono. Kuphatikizanso apo, pali mfundo zomwe mungatchuleko galimoto, tanker kapena gulu lokonzanso. Misewu yopanda malire (kupatula pa mtengo) ndi maulendo a pa malipiro, ndipo transponder sizothandiza nthawi zonse, popeza palibe njira yabwino yogwiritsira ntchito.

Msewu waulere uli ndi mayendedwe 4-5 (3 kapena 2 mbali imodzi, 2 mbali inayo), m'madera ena muli 2 okha (chimodzi kumwera ndi kumpoto). Mtengo wa chinsaluwu ndi wokhutiritsa njira yonse, chifukwa maulendo a pamsewu amachitiranso ntchito yokonza pano. Pakati pa msewu, komanso pa M4 yomwe ilipiridwa, pali cafe, refueling, zopanda zipinda zam'madzi. Mukhoza kukwera msewuwu pa liwiro la 90 km / h. Zovutazo zimapangidwa ndi ngolo zazikulu, zomwe ziri zambiri pano. Kawirikawiri, kutayika kwa nthawi poyenda pamsewuwu ndi pafupifupi theka la ora.

Kodi mungayende bwanji mumsewu wa MKAD ku Kashira?

Kumbukirani kuti kuchokera pamene Moscow Ring Road ikuyenda ndi Lipetskaya Street, msewu waukulu wa M4 ukuyamba. Zolinga zowonongeka zimatsegulidwa ku makilomita 21, koma pamene "Avtodor" inaletsa zolepheretsa ndipo inakhazikitsa malo oyamba okhomera pa 62 km. Choncho, kuchokera ku MKAD kupita kudera lamtunda ndi A107 (ili ndi kilomita 51 ya msewu waukulu wa M4), mukhoza kupita kwaulere. Komanso, misonkhano siidalipilidwe motsogoleredwa ndi Vidnoye (pamtunda wa makilomita 22 ndi 24), misonkhano ikuluikulu kudera la Domodedovo (ili pa 31, kenako pamakilomita 34 ndi 46) ndi kuchoka kwa A107. Anthu omwe amachokera ku Moscow Ring Road akhoza kukwera pamsewu waukulu wa Kashirskoye kupita ku Sitne-Shchelkanovo. Komanso pa mphanda msewu udzapita ku Stupino. Pano pamsewu kutsogolo kwa njanjiyo, muyenera kupita ku Victory Avenue, kenako mubwere ku Kashirskoye Highway ndikutsatira komwe mukupita. Kuipa kwa njirayo ndi katundu waukulu kwambiri wa msewu waukulu wa Kashirskoye ndipo, motero, nthawi zambiri magalimoto amatha. Tsopano pali kumanganso kwa msewu uwu, kotero ngati atasiyidwa kwaulere, idzakhala yabwino.

Momwe mungayendetsere M4, potsatira Bogoroditsk ndi Efremov

Zotsalira za zigawo zolipiridwa pamsewu waukulu wa M4 zilipo zosiyanasiyana. Choncho, lotsatira ku Bogoroditsk ndiyeno mungagwiritse ntchito ndondomeko ya ulendo wotchulidwa pamwambapa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kupita ku Stupino pamsewu waukulu wa Kashirskoye, mutembenuzire Pobedy Prospekt, mubwerere ku Kashirskoye Highway, musatche kuti Kashira, tsatirani mphanda kutsogolo kwa mudzi wa Zendikovo, pita ku Voronezh Highway, kapena mupitilize Kashirsky kupita P22, kutsogolera Kuchokera ku M4 njira yonse. Kudera la Venez mtunda uwu ndi pafupi 30 km. Kuti mufike ku Bogoroditsk ndi njira iyi, mudzafunika kuyendetsa misewu ya dziko, yomwe ili yabwino kwambiri, komanso kuwonjezera, "mphepo" makilomita owonjezera.

Madalaivala ena amalangiza kuti apite ku Bogoroditsk ndi pafupi ndi midzi yomwe ili mfulu pa msewu wa Simferopol (M2). Mkhalidwe wa msewu ndi wabwino kwambiri, liwiro likhoza kuwonjezeka kufika 90 km / h. Kwa Tula ndikofunikira kutembenukira kumsewu wopita ku Bolokhovo ndikupita nawo ku Black Mud. Padzakhala msonkhano ku gawo laulere la M4. Kusiyana kuli makilomita angapo. Amene akufunikira Efremov, angathe kutsatira M2 yomweyo, osayima kudutsa Tula, Shchekino ndikuyang'ana kumsewu mumzinda wa Lukino. Kuchokera kumeneko, njira yowongoka imatsogolera ku Efremov.

Momwe mungayendere M4, ku Voronezh

Mfupi kwambiri kuchokera ku likulu ku Voronezh ndi 516 km. Paulendo wautali uwu ndi kovuta kudutsa gawo lililonse la malipiro. M4 njira ya MKAD yopita ku Voronezh imadutsa Bogoroditsk ndi Efremov. Pamwamba tinakuuzani momwe mungapezere kumidzi izi kwaulere. Ngakhale pali kusiyana pakati pamakilomita, madalaivala ambiri amasankha msewu waukulu wa Simferopol, ulendo womwe uli wokondweretsa kwambiri. Chiwerengero cha magulu omwe ali pachigawochi chimasiyanasiyana pakati pa 2 ndi 4, chikhalidwe cha chinsalu ndi chabwino, pamsewu pali malo ambiri odyera ndi maiko. Tsatirani izi patsogolo. Lukino ndi yopanda nzeru, kuti abwerere ku M4, uyenera kupanga malo olimba. Ngati mumatsata njirayi mpaka makilomita 321 (mapeto a Efremov pamsewu, kusiyana kwa makilomita kudzangokhala pafupifupi 7 km (pafupifupi 307 km M2 ndi 300 km M4), ndiye mukhoza kupita 9 km pambali ya Don "Pambuyo popita ku congress pamsewu wovuta, musasiye, koma pitirizani kuyenda pamsewu, pitani Jarkino, muwoloke mtsinje wa Dry Well, msewu wa njanji, mumadutsa Yelets kunja kwake, mtsinje wa Fast Pine, muyandikire Ndili ndi M4, yendani ku Zadonsk, Khlevnoe, gawo laulere la M4 ndipo, popanda kuchoka pa malo olipira, ndi . Redo msewu wopita Voronezh kusiyana mu mtunda wa njira ndi laling'ono kwambiri, koma panjira ndi woipa kuposa msonkho msewu The sangathe chachiwiri -. Pulagi mu Zadonsk ndi imfa ya nthawi ndime ya Hlevnoe ndi Voronezh.

Momwe mungayendere M4, ku Rostov

Zolinga zamalonda za pamtunda wa M4 (Don) zimatha m'dera la Voronezh, pamtunda wa 633 km. Kumwera kumwera mungapite mwakachetechete. Tsopano chigawo chatsopano cha msewuwu chikupangidwa kuzungulira mzinda wa Pavlovsk, koma mpaka pano palibe. Kuti mutuluke pa M4 yaulere kuchokera ku Voronezh, m'pofunika kudutsa malo ena atatu olipiridwa. Awiri mwa iwo - kudzera mwa Novaya Usman ndi Rogachevka - akhoza kuyenda mosavuta. Zotsatira zake, zotsala zokwana 89 km. Iwo sangathe kuzungulira iwo ndi zochepa zazing'ono. Ngati mutembenukira Rogachevka kumanzere pa P298, mudzafunika kupanga malo aakulu. Palibe maulendo abwino omwe ali kumanja. Choncho, kuyambira kumayambira ku Voronezh. Pali zinthu ziwiri zomwe mungasankhe pano: zotsalira njira ya 193 kapena kumanja kulowera ku Liski. Zonsezi ndizovuta chifukwa cha miyendo yambiri yochuluka ndi misewu yabwino.