Ndi nyengo woyendera nthambi nkhalango ya Russia chiyani?

Nyengo ya nkhalango Russian ndi osiyanasiyana ndithu - kuchokera ozizira amtengo kumpoto ndi kum'mawa kwa dziko kutsiriza ndi amtengo ofunda kum'mwera ndi kumadzulo. Chiwerengero cha masiku a, chinyezi dzuwa ndi nthawi ya nyengo vegetative zomera n'chosiyana kwambiri komanso.

nayonso kumpoto

Imayamba ndi izo zoni m'nkhalango ya kumpoto kwa Russia (kupatula Titafika pamalo ndi ndere ake ndi mitengo kungokhala pamodzimodzi). Kuwonjezera malo ake chidwi (izo umachokera ku kukafika kumadzulo kwa dziko ndi kwa gombe la Pacific Ocean kum'mawa) dera limeneli wotchuka chifukwa wakuda wake, mdima kwambiri paini m'nkhalango. nyengo akuti ndi amtengo-ozizira, koma zinthu moyo angatchedwe kwambiri.

Ambiri mwa nkhalango nayonso anapanga wandiweyani gawo conifers ofanana. akorona awo sadzachitanso kuphonya dzuwa ndi kutentha. Pachifukwa ichi, zitsamba ndi mitengo achinyamata paini kulimbana kupulumuka, ndipo isanafalikire makamaka meadows ndi clearings.

Nyengo aakulu mu zone nkhalango nayonso zimawonedwa ku Central Siberia. Ndiye iye apita zigwa kuphiri, kumene zinthu zochepa kwambiri. M'lifupi okwana m'nkhalango moti wa conifers nthawi zina ukufika makilomita 2,000. M'nyengo yozizira kutentha zambiri kusiya kwa -40 kapena m'munsi. Oika ozizira limodzi ndi snowfalls waukulu umene amapereka mlingo wokwanira (ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale kuthetsa) chinyezi. mpweya yotentha sadzachitanso umafunda mpaka +13, m'madera ena - mpaka madigiri 19. Flora kumpoto boreal nkhalango imakhala yokhudza mitengo yobiriwira coniferous (paini, Oil, paini). Cha kum'mwera kwa spruce, komanso mitengo deciduous (birch, Aspen, alder).

malo awa ali olemera osati mitengo, komanso nyama za mitundu. nkhalango kumpoto anthu amphaka, wolverine, gologolo, chimbalangondo, sable ndi ena nyama ubweya wopatsa.

kum'mwera nayonso

Monga ulamuliro, akafunsidwa mtundu wa nyengo woyendera nthambi nkhalango ya Russia, ambiri amaganiza ndi gawo ili la izo. Kutentha ndi chinyezi kusintha pa zoyenda osati kuchokera kumpoto mpaka kummwera, komanso kuchokera kummawa mpaka kumadzulo. Ndi ofunda mpweya misa anapanga pa Atlantic Ocean, kudutsa kwambiri mu gawo Loona za dziko. Kummawa iwo anasiya Ural Mountains limene m'dera nkhalango Pamafunika kutchulidwa nyengo kotentha mbali chokhala.

Zima pano ndi wotentha kuposa kumpoto kwa m'dera limeneli, koma pafupifupi pachaka kutentha ndi kwambiri poyerekeza pa M'madera a zitunda ofanana, koma kumadzulo. zomera zimagwiritsa wosanganiza, nkhalango coniferous m'malo mwa broadleaf ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale meadows ndi m'madambo.

Ngakhale dothi mkulu chonde wa nayonso kum'mwera, ulimi apa si chozama. The zifukwa ichi ndi madambo ndi nyengo yochepa kukula. Nyengo ya zone nkhalango ya Russia limachititsa kukula ozizira zosagwira chikhalidwe. Izi, pa dzanja limodzi, ndi amadza zabwino topezeka kudera (palibe yodula misa ya mitengo). Pa ena, mosasamala reclamation zambiri chifukwa cha kusintha lonse, kuphatikizapo nyengo.

The zomera za nayonso kum'mwera osiyanasiyana. Pali bulauni chimbalangondo, mbawala, gologolo, kalulu, ndi ena "mbadwa Russian" zamoyo. Vutoli mu malo awa ndi kuchuluka kwa tizilombo (makamaka udzudzu), amene amagwirizana ndi chinyezi mkulu ndi zithaphwi kwambiri.

Obwerawa nkhalango deciduous

South wa Titafika pamalo, mu dera la East European Plain, ozizira zosagwira Mitundu m'malo mwa thermophilic a. Poganizira funso la mtundu wa nyengo m'dera nkhalango, kum'mwera kwa madigiri 50 kumpoto kumpoto tinganene kuti yonyowa ndi ofunda. Chifukwa m'malo yaitali ndi omasuka m'chilimwe (pafupifupi July kutentha ndi kuposa madigiri 20 kuno), komanso wambirimbiri mpweya, nkhalango yotakata-Ndalankhula ndi thundu ndipo phulusa, mapulo ndi linden. Makamaka wamba otuwira ndi zitsamba zina. Wa conifers wamba paini ndi spruce.

Chifukwa amphamvu wetting madambo pafupipafupi Komabe, chifukwa kutentha m'chilimwe ndi mokwanira kwambiri evaporation, osati mochuluka monga nayonso kum'mwera. Nyama zokhala malo, osati osiyana kwambiri ndi zinyama m'dera oyandikana. Izi zili choncho makamaka mbawala, njati, Boar zakutchire, marten, nkhandwe. Oimira otter osowa Dziwani. Yotakata-Ndalankhula nkhalango ndi wolemera mbalame moyo pano oriole, grosbeak, woodpecker.

Far East

Apanso, ndipo nayonso agonjera ku nkhalango mitundu komanso nyengo ndi zomera, ndi zinyama za m'deralo ndi wapadera ndi chodabwitsa. Kupenda zimene nyengo m'dera nkhalango ya Far East chichitika, icho tiyenera kukumbukira za zimakhudza iye kuchokera ku mbali imodzi ya Arctic mpweya misa, ndi pa zina - Pacific Ocean. Chifukwa moyandikana, chilimwe ndi ofunda kwambiri pano. pafupifupi July kutentha ndi kuposa madigiri 25. Komabe, nyengo yaitali ndi nkhanza zokwanira. Nthawi zambiri pali kusiyana lakuthwa kwambiri kutentha. Ichi chinali chimodzi mwa zifukwa za zomera wapadera ndi zomera.

mitundu ya zomera imapezeka mkati dera amene. Ndi za Oil integrifolia, Korean mkungudza, Ajan spruce, Mongolian thundu, Amur linden ndi mitengo ina, tchire, ndipo ngakhale zitsamba. dziko nyama zikufotokozedwa monga anthu ankaikira M'madera a zitunda kumpoto (Siberia nyalugwe, mabanga gwape), ndipo kwambiri kutentha wachikondi. Tikumbukenso kuti mitundu ali pa anangotsala pang'ono kutha, choncho m'gulu la Red Book.

chikoka anthu pa nyengo

Mwatsoka, misa yodula mitengo, reclamation achinyontho ndi chiwonongeko cha nyama sangachoke kuda topezeka kudera limenelo. Ngati tiganizira zomwe nyengo nkhalango anali ochepa zaka zana zapitazo, ndi chimene chakhala lero, anatchula kuwonjezeka kutentha ambiri la kum'mawa kwa nayonso ndi kuchepa mu Western. Ngakhale kusintha simunayambe zoopsa, kuweruza ndi kutha kwa mitundu ina ya nyama ndi zomera, m'tsogolo, iwo kungathandize amapha topezeka kudera la Caucasus.

Kodi kupulumutsa zomera wapadera chithe

Pofuna kupewa kutha kwa ena mitengo yofunika kwambiri, ndi kusintha kwa nyengo panopa wayamba zikuluzikulu ntchito pa kusamala ndi nkhalango watsopano. Kuti tichite zimenezi, mu Krasnoyarsk Gawo, ndi Amur beseni, dera la kumadzulo kwa madera East European Plain anakhazikitsa kutetezedwa. Katawala anaphunzira pano advantageously njira Azamlengalenga kulamulira maganizo awo kupeza malo moto, kusefukira kwa madzi komanso masoka ena. Kusunga chikhalidwe mu maonekedwe ake kopambana - ntchito yaikulu ya minda kutetezedwa.

Forest pa gawo la Chitaganya cha Russia amatenga angapo nyengo. Aliyense wa iwo ndi wapadera ndipo amakhala ndi malo osiyanasiyana, nyama ndi zomera. Kusunga chuma wachibadwa m'pofunika kutsatira bwino zachilengedwe, kuteteza kutha kwa zigawo zina. Only mu nkhani iyi, m'zaka zoposa chimodzi kenako, kufunsa kuti nyengo m'dera nkhalango derali lili ena, kudzakhala kotheka kuti tipeze yankho womwewo umene tsopano. Ngati mindlessly achotse chuma chake zonse zachilengedwe, n'kutheka kuti posachedwapa pachabe lotsalira la ilo.