Mwachidule yonena Aksakova Sergeya Timofeevicha

Nkhaniyi akupereka yonena Aksakov, wotchuka Russian wolemba. Iye amadziwika kuti ambiri monga mlembi nthano "ulusi wofiira Flower", komanso mlengi wa "Banja Chronicle", "Mfundo za mfuti mlenje" ndi ntchito zina.

Wambiri Aksakov akuyamba September 20, 1791, pamene Sergei T. anabadwa mu mzinda wa Ufa. Banja amafotokoza "mdzukulu Childhood Zaka Bagrov a" wolemba analankhula za ubwana wake, ndipo anali ndi khalidwe achibale awo. Ngati mukufuna kuti ayanjane ndi magawo zoyambirira za moyo wa wolemba Sergei Aksakov, yonena akuluakulu ndi ana anauyamba ntchito imeneyi, adzachita amakusangalatsani.

Zaka maphunziro zolimbitsa thupi la

S. T. Aksakov anaphunzitsidwa woyamba pa Kazan zolimbitsa thupi ndiyeno pa University Kazan. Iye tauzidwa za iwo ku Maulendo Ake. Amayi anapatsidwa asiyane zovuta ndi Sergei, ndipo pafupifupi ndalama miyoyo ya wake ndi wolemba yekha. Mu 1799 analowa zolimbitsa thupi S. T. Aksakov. mbiri yake zachulukazi ndi chizindikiro chakuti posachedwapa mayi adamtambira, chifukwa pa mwana n'zaka ndi ubongo kusungulumwa ndi kunyong'onyeka chinayamba khunyu, ngati iye anavomereza Aksakov.

M'chaka, wolembayo anali m'mudzi. Komabe, mu 1801 analowa zolimbitsa thupi kenako. Popeza sukulu izi zalumikizana zina Wambiri Aksakov. SERGEY T. disapproving analankhula za mlingo wa kuphunzitsa pa sukulu imeneyi. Koma aphunzitsi zingapo ankalemekeza kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, Kartashevskiy. Mu 1817, munthu uyu anakwatira mlongo wolembayo, Natalia Timofyevna. Pa maphunziro SERGEY T. anali kupereka satifiketi yoyamikira ndi mphoto zina.

Kuphunzira pa yunivesite ya Kazan

Mu 1805, wa zaka 14, Aksakov anadzakhala wophunzira wa pa Yunivesite ya Kazan amene anali atangobwera adayambitsa. Gawo la masewera olimbitsa thupi, kumene anaphunzira SERGEY T., anatumizidwa ku sukulu. Aphunzitsi ena ku inasanduka yunivesite. Ophunzirawo nkhidwa mwa ophunzira bwino sukulu ya galamala.

Kudutsa njira ya nkhani yunivesite, pamene Aksakov anapitiriza maphunziro ake a kusekondale mu nkhani zina. Kwa nthawi yoyamba kuli yunivesite sanali ogaŵikana luso moti ana onse 35 anadutsa kuika woyamba wa sayansi: logic ndi masamu apamwamba, umagwirira ndi thunthu, mabuku ndi mbiri. Mu 1709, mu March, Aksakov maphunziro. Iye analandira kalata, zomwe anazilemba mwa sayansi ena, amene SERGEY T. ankadziwa mwa zongomva. Pa University, zinthu izi sanaphunzitsidwe. Pa maphunziro ake pa Aksakov anabwera kumulakalaka kusaka ndi zisudzo. zikhumbo izi anapulumuka pa moyo wake wonse.

Ntchito yoyamba

Ntchito polemba pa zaka 14 S. T. Aksakov. mbiri yake chilemba kuzindikira oyambirira a ntchito yake. The magazini yotchedwa "Arcadian m'busa" woyamba ndakatulo Sergei Kalashnikov anaikidwa. ndodo yake anayesa kutsanzira Karamzin sentimentalism ndipo walemba maina pastushecheskimi :. Aminta, Daphnis Iris, Adonis ndi ena ndakatulo Sergei Kalashnikov "Kwa Nightingale" anazindikira a m'nthawi yake. Aksakov analimbikitsa ndi ichi, mu 1806 anayambitsanso, pamodzi ndi Aleksandrom Panaevym ndi Perevozchikova, amene anadzakhala masamu wotchuka, "Journal magulu athu." Iwo Aksakov kale zinthu mdani Karamzin. Iye anakhala wotsatira wa Shishkova A. S. Munthu uyu analenga "Nkhani pa Chakale ndi Chatsopano Masitayelo" ndipo anali kuyamba Slavophilism.

Wophunzira kampani, kusamukira ku Moscow ndi St. Petersburg

Monga tanena kale, Aksakov amakonda bwalo lamasewera. Kumulakalaka izo anamutengera kulenga wophunzira gululo. Pa zisudzo anakonza Sergei Timofeevich ankaimba yekha, bwanji siteji talente.

Aksakov banja analandira mu 1807 mbiri yabwino kuti tinatengera kwa azakhali ake Kuroedov. Aksakov anasamukira ku Moscow, ndipo patatha chaka chimodzi - mu St. Petersburg, mwana wake analandila maphunziko mu bwino sukulu ya likulu. S. T. Aksakovym kwathunthu katswiri pa nthawi ino siteji chizolowezi. Pa nthawi yomweyo anayamba ntchito yomasulira ku Commission polimbana ndi chiphunzitso cha malamulo, SERGEY Timofeevich Aksakov. Mwachidule yonena umaonekera nthawi ndi atsopano.

anzanu ena

Aksakov ankafuna kusintha mu kungotchula lapansi. chilakolako Zimenezi zinachititsa kuti anali kudziŵa bwino Shusherinym, wotchuka wosewera wa 19 mochedwa - m'ma 20. Achinyamata zisudzo-goer kuthera nthawi yambiri ufulu munthu uyu akulankhula za zochitika, ndi kungotchula lapansi.

S. T. Aksakov anagula pambali zisudzo chibwenzi ndi zambiri. Iye anakomana ndi Romanovsky, Labzin ndi A. S. Shishkovym. Ndi yamasika, anakhala pafupi kwambiri. Iwo analimbikitsa declamatory talente Shishkov. SERGEY T. anakonza zisudzo m'nyumba ya Shishkov.

zaka 1811-1812

Mu 1811 anaganiza kusiya ntchito ya ntchito SERGEY Timofeevich Aksakov, kanthawi mbiri yomwe ikusonyezedwa ndi anayesa latsopano kupeza aliyense, chifukwa utumiki akale si anakopeka naye. Choyamba, mu 1812, Aksakov anachoka Moscow. Patapita kanthawi anasamukira kumudzi. Apa anakhala zaka za nkhondo ya Napoleon Bonaparte. Aksakov ndi bambo ake m'gulu asilikali.

Pambuyo kuyendera nthawi yotsiriza mu Moscow, wolemba anakumana kudzera Shusherina angapo olemba amene anakhalapo kuno -. Kokoshkin, Ilyin, Shatrov, etc. Poyambirira Aksakov anayamba ntchito yomasulira ya tsoka "Philoctetes" ndi Sophocles, anachita Lagarpovym. zomasulira chofunika kwa phindu Shusherina. Mu 1812, matsoka linatulutsidwa.

Patatha zaka French kuwukira

Mu nthawi kuchokera 1814 mpaka 1815 SERGEY Timofeyevich anali mu St. Petersburg ndi Moscow. Nthawi imeneyi, anakhala mabwenzi Derzhavin. Aksakov analenga "Uthenga AI Kaznacheev" mu 1816. Choyamba lofalitsidwa mu 1878 mu "Russian Archive". Mu ntchito iyi, mlembi ali okwiya kuti anthu Francophile nthawi kuti sichinachepe pambuyo French kuwukira.

Personal moyo Aksakov

Mwachidule Wambiri Aksakov anapitiriza kukwatira O. S. Zaplatinoy, mwana wamkazi wa General Suvorov. Mayi ake anali Turkey mkazi, yemwe ali ndi zaka 12 anatengedwa mkaidi pa kuzinga Ochakov. Turk analeredwa ndi kubatizidwa mu Kursk, mu Voinov banja. Mu 1792 anabadwa Olga Semenovna mkazi Aksakov. Pa zaka 30 mkazi akale anafa.

Pomwepo atakwatirana, Sergei Timofeevich anapita patrimony Timoteo Stepanovich, atate wake. Apa, mu chaka chotsatira kuti banjali anabadwa mwana wa Constantine. SERGEY T. uninterruptedly ankakhala m'nyumba zaka makolo ake 5. Kuwonjezera banja anali pachaka.

Sergei Timofeyevich mu 1821 allocated m'mudzi mwana Nadezhin kuchigawo Orenburg. malo amenewa amapezeka pansi pa Nkhani dzina Parashin banja. Musanayambe kumeneko, Aksakov anapita ku Moscow. Apa anachezera yozizira ya 1821

Tikaonanso Moscow, ndi resumption Zanga

Mwachidule Wambiri Aksakov anapitiriza Moscow, kumene kucheza wake ndi mabuku ndi ed. SERGEY T. anatenga ndi Pisarev Zagoskin, Shakhovskoi, Kokoshkin neri Al. Chikalata Wolemba kutengerapo chakhumi Zotengera Boileau. Pa SERGEY izi T. analemekeza kukhala membala wa wotchuka "Society of Okonda Russian Literature".

Mu 1822, m'chilimwe, Aksakov anapitanso ndi banja lake m'chigawo Orenburg. Apa iye anakhalabe uninterruptedly mpaka 1826 Aksakov sanapatsidwe chuma ntchito. Kukula ana ake, amene amayenera kuphunzitsidwa. Linanena bungwe kwa Aksakov anali kubwerera ku Moscow kwa maudindo ntchito pano.

Aksakov potsiriza anasamukira ku Moscow

Mu 1826, mu August, SERGEY Timofeyevich anati tiwonana muyaya m'mudzimo. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo mpaka imfa yake, kuti ali ndi zaka 30, anali nthawi 3 kokha, kenako wagundidwa, anali Nadezhin.

S. T. Aksakov, pamodzi ndi asanu a ana ake anasamukira ku Moscow. Iye alikukonzeka ubwenzi wake ndi Shakhovskoi, Pisarev ndi ena. Wambiri Aksakova Sergeya Timofeevicha taonera pa nthawi ya ntchito yomasulira. Mu 1828, iye anayamba prose lomasuliridwa Moliere a "woumira". Ndipo ngakhale kale mu 1819, iye anati mu vesi "Sukulu kwa Amuna" wolemba chomwecho.

Ntchito "Moscow boma yotchedwa Gazette"

Aksakov, kuteteza comrades awo kwa adani wakumunda. Anakopa Pogodin, amene lofalitsidwa "Moscow boma yotchedwa Gazette" kumapeto kwa 1820, kuyamba ku "Kochititsa anawonjezera kuti," limene ntchito Aksakov. SERGEY T. feuded ndi m'munda ndi masamba a "Galatea" Raich ndi "Athenaeum" Pavlova. Mu 1829 SERGEY T. werengani n'kuzitentha kumasulira chitatu Zotengera Boileau mu "Society of Okonda Russian Literature".

utumiki m'Chibama kwa akuluakulu

Patapita kanthawi Aksakov anasamutsa udani ndi kufufuza munda nthaka. Mu 1827 iye anadzakhala membala wa komiti kufufuza Moscow. Zimenezi SERGEY T. anapambana chifukwa cha zothandizira mipingo yawo ya bwenzi lake A. S. Shishkova, amene panthawiyo anali nduna ya zamaphunziro. Sergei Aksakov anatumikira m'Chibama kwa akuluakulu a za zaka 6. Pankhaniyi, kangapo iye anali wapampando wa komitiyo.

Aksakov - inspektr School, imfa ya atate ake

Wambiri Aksakova Sergeya Timofeevicha (zaka zina za moyo wake) ukufanizidwa ndi zochitika izi zazikulu. Aksakov anayamba kugwira ntchito mu woyeza Sukulu mu 1834. Ntchito anapitiriza kuno kwa zaka zisanu, mpaka 1839. Aksakov anali Woyang'anira woyamba sukulu. Patapita nthawi, pamene izo zakhala chosaiwalika Constantine Institute anasankhidwa kukhala wotsogolera ake. SERGEY T. pachabe utumiki. Thanzi lake ndi zoipa kwambiri anakhudzidwa. Choncho anaganiza kupuma mu 1839. Mu 1837 bambo ake anamwalira, kusiya mbiri yaikulu imene anachiritsidwa ndipo Aksakov.

A bwalo latsopano za anzake

Circle Sergei Kalashnikov chibwenzi mu 1830s oyambirira anasintha. Pisarev anafa, Shakhovskoy Kokoshkin ndipo anataya chikoka wake wakale, Zagoskin imayendetsedwa ndi Aksakov ubwenzi zaumwini. SERGEY T. anayamba kutengera ndi achinyamata yunivesite bwalo, zimene zinaphatikizapo Pogodin, Pavlov, Nadezhdin, pamodzi ndi mwana wake Constantine. Komanso, anakhala pafupi Gogol (chithunzi cha zapatsidwa pamwambazi) SERGEY Aksakov. yonena wake ikusonyezedwa wodziwa Nikolai Vasilyevich mu 1832. ubwenzi wawo unatha zaka 20, mpaka imfa Gogol (4 March 1852).

Kupindika ntchito

Mu 1834 Aksakov lofalitsidwa mu Almanac "Lusifara," nkhani yaifupi amatchedwa "Buran". Ntchito imeneyi inali panasinthira ntchito zake. Sergei Aksakov, amene yonena patsogolo nthawi iyi zinali zodzaza ndi chilengedwe cha ntchito zimenezi, anaganiza kutembenukira ku chenicheni, anamasulidwa kwathunthu ku zoyerekeza-chakale zokonda. Kuyenda panjira ya Kuzindikira, wolemba mu 1840, anayamba kulemba "Banja Chronicle". ntchito inatha mu 1846. Ochokera ntchito zinasindikizidwa mu "Moscow zosonkhanitsira" mu 1846.

Chaka chotsatira, 1847, panali zambiri mankhwala a Aksakov - "Ndemanga pa nsomba angling". Patapita zaka zingapo, mu 1852 - ". Mfundo za mfuti mlenje" Izi zolemba kusaka anali wopambana kwambiri. Dzina SERGEY Kalashnikov unadziwika m'dziko lonselo. kalembedwe wake wakhala anazindikira monga chitsanzo, ndi maonekedwe a nsomba, mbalame ndi nyama - Master Image. Ntchito Aksakov anazindikira I. S. Turgenev, Gogol ndi ena.

Ndiye Sergei Timofeevich anayamba kulenga kukumbukira banja ndi khalidwe zolembalemba. Mu 1856, "Banja Chronicle" linasindikizidwa, amene pikhabuluka. Anthu ena amanena odukaduka pa ntchito imeneyi ndi chimodzi mwa mafilimu yabwino Sergei Timofeevich. Mwachitsanzo, Slavophiles (hamsters) ankakhulupirira kuti Aksakov woyamba pakati olemba Russian anapeza makhalidwe abwino kwenikweni ano. Zifukwa olemba (mwachitsanzo, Dob), anyamata, makhalidwe oipa opezeka "Banja Chronicle".

Mu 1858 anapita kupitiriza ntchito imeneyi. Njirayi imatchedwa "Childhood Zaka Bagrov ndi mdzukulu". Ntchito imeneyi bwino pang'ono.

Matenda ndi imfa

Wambiri Aksakova Sergeya Timofeevicha ana ndi akulu zachulukazi ndi chizindikiro cha matenda aakulu imene kulimbana zisakuyenda bwino. thanzi wolemba anakula zaka 12 asanafe. Chifukwa matenda diso anakakamizika kwa nthawi yaitali mu chipinda mdima. wolemba sanali anazolowera moyo wongokhala, thupi ake anabwera kwa matenda a. Pa nthawi yomweyo Aksakov anataya diso limodzi. wolemba matenda wayamba kumupulumutsa kuvutika kwambiri mu kasupe 1858, iye anawachitira iwo ndi chipiriro ndi kulimba. Last chilimwe SERGEY T. imene dziko lake nyumba, wapafupi Moscow. Pamene nthendayo kwawo, iye anali kundiuza ntchito yatsopano. Mwachitsanzo, "Kusonkhanitsa agulugufe." Ntchito lofalitsidwa atamwalira, kumapeto kwa 1859.

Mwachidule yonena Sergeya Aksakova taonera kusuntha kwa Moscow mu chaka cha 1858. Anakhala kwambiri mavuto onse awa yozizira. Komabe, ngakhale, iye zina chinkhoswe mabuku. Panthawi imeneyi Aksakov analenga "Zima Morning", "Natasha", "Msonkhano ndi Martinists". Wambiri Aksakov itha mu 1859, pamene SERGEY T. anafa.

Nthawi zambiri essays Aksakov a anaonekera mu Mabaibulo osiyana. Makamaka, "Banja Chronicle" wopyoza Mabaibulo anayi, ndipo "Mfundo za mfuti mlenje" - ochuluka monga 6. Ndipo mu nthawi yathu si chimatha chidwi mu moyo ndi ntchito ya wolemba monga Aksakov. Wambiri ana ndi akulu, m'nkhani ino, chabe oyamba mwachidule kuti cholowa chake luso. Ambiri mwa ntchito zake zinalembedwa mu thumba golide mabuku Russian.