Bukuli ndi zokhudza zimene kusankha kuwerenga ndi mwanayo?

Buku la chikhalidwe - ichi ndi njira imodzi yofunika kwambiri kuthandiza ana kuphunzira zambiri za dziko lathu, kuti kuwaphunzitsa kukonda kunyumba dziko lawo, komanso kuphunzitsa mzimu wabwino abale athu aang'ono. olemba Russian, amene analenga zodabwitsa za nkhani imeneyi, kulabadira osati pa zina zachidule a mitunda, komanso zili makhalidwe ndi chikumbumtima. Likhoza mu mndandanda waukulu wa mayina a anthu amene analemba za chilengedwe.

Books pa Nature: The olemba

Inde, woyamba kubwera ku malingaliro pa chokhudza mtundu wanyimbo monga nkhani zokhudza chilengedwe ndi Michael ndi Prishvin Konstantin Paustovsky. ntchito zawo kuti ana aphunzire sukulu. pali anthu amene anafuna kuti owerenga wamng'ono mwa nkhani za olemba choncho, sikuti kukusalani kukhalapo mu nkhokwe zawo za ntchito yaikulu kwambiri ndi "akulu".

Pa Nature ndi analemba wolemba zodabwitsa za m'ma 20, Ivan Shmelev, amene anakakamizika amasamuka kudziko lina pambuyo zisinthe. M'mabukhu ache mu chikondi kwambiri dziko lakwawo, kwa anthu Russian kuti iwo ayenera kuwerenga aliyense. Nthawi zina m'ntchito zake pali chinthu achipembedzo, masiku onse woyera umene wolemba akulongosola, mosasintha zimabweretsa mantha owerenga kukhala ogwirizana ndi anthu ake.

Wina wolemba odziwika ndi zachilengedwe - Zhitkov Boris. Iye umafotokoza bwino khalidwe zodabwitsa nyama, kusintha kwa chikhalidwe zimene zimachitika ndi nyengo kusintha.

Books za chikhalidwe ndi nyama olembedwa ndi alembi monga R. Pogodin, V. Aleshin, Ehrenburg I. A zapamwamba achilendo: George London, M.Tven etc ...

Analysis wa ntchito zina

Inu simungakhoze kuyankhula za ntchito zolembalemba, popanda kupenda iwo. Mbali ntchito pa nkhani imeneyi ndi nkhani yochepa amaphatikizidwa m'buku lonse. Mitu ya mabuku za chibadwa, amakonda kukhala yosavuta mbalambanda, nthawi yomweyo pa mfundo yaikulu ya ntchitoyo.

Prishvin, "Forest bwana"

Nkhani nkhani, amene nalo dzina lake zikomo kwa mmodzi wa iwo. Akutanthauza ndi zinapatsira ndi lingaliro ambiri: kodi munthu wa mbuye nkhalango? Prishvin akusonyeza kuti pali. Mu nkhani yoyamba, "Gossamer" ndi owerenga Zikuoneka kuti owerenga monga munthu amene akugwirizana zinsinsi zake nkhalango. Iye anawona zikwi webs yaing'ono linayambira ku mtengo wina ndi mzake. Atazindikira zinali njira kupita kotero kuti asakhumudwitse anthu amene aona. Nthano iyi makamaka kuphunzitsa kulemekeza chikhalidwe, komanso kutha kuona kukongola ndi chithumwa malo ozungulira. The protagonist kwa nkhaniyi, amene anatuma kwa owerenga limakhala umboni wa mmene wosamvera mnyamata anatentha utomoni mtengo. Hero kuzimitsa moto. A prankster - "mwini nkhalango" - phunziro anakhala chitonzo kwa bwenzi lake Zina wololera. anthu onse atatu pamodzi kudikira mu mvula pa mtengo kupewa yonyowa. The owerenga amanena kuti palibe chabwino kuposa kumvetsera ofunda m'chilimwe mvula mu nkhalango, ndipo wowerenga komanso akufuna kusangalala nthawi ngati zimenezi.

Chili "m'kabati dzuwa"

Mwina buku otchuka kwambiri za chikhalidwe. Prishvin kalata chinenero wokongola kwambiri. Iye amayesetsa kukopa tcheru achinyamata owerenga kuti ukulu zapadera za chilengedwe Russian, kuphunzitsa chikondi kwa iye. Ngwazi za nkhaniyo - ana awiri amasiye Mitrasha ndi Nastya. Mitrasha zonse limalimbikitsa mlongo wake. Ambiri auza ake chakuti bambo ake anamuuza. Prishvin anafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane nkhalango. Amamvetsera aliyense mabulosi masamba, ichi ndi lofunika nkhani.

K.Paustovsky, "Golden tench"

Mu nkhani imeneyi, akunena za nsomba. Author mwachikondi akulongosola ulendo ndi agogo ake nsomba: mmene ankadzudzula kavalo chotchezera, monga Iye anaimba zinziri mu tchire monga chiyambi cha chilimwe mvula. Zimphona anakwanitsa kugwira lalikulu la golidi tench, ndilo nsanje ya anthu onse a m'mudzi.

"Kalulu mapazi"

Buku ili zabwino kwambiri za chikhalidwe. Nkhani ya mmene nyama ndi anthu akhoza kupereka. Agogo kamodzi ndinapita kukasaka ndi kuwombera kalulu, koma anamuphonya. Ndiyeno moto unayamba mu nkhalango. Iye anayamba kuthawa moto, koma moto anafalikira mofulumira kwambiri, ndi kale anamwalira iye. mwadzidzidzi anaona kalulu, amenenso anathawa moto. Agogo ankadziwa kuti nyama kumva, komwe ndi moto, nathamanga potsata chirombocho. Gray anatsogolera agogo a moto. Chinyama anatenthedwa yoteroyo ndi mimba. Agogo ndi mdzukulu wake Vanka anatenga kalulu ku vetenale ndi, kusamalira iye. Choncho, anachira ndipo anapitiriza kukhala ndi agogo ake, koma kuthengo nawonso akuthamanga. Ndipo akale mlenje amaonabe mlandu pamaso mpulumutsi wake, chifukwa iye anali kulasa.

Books za zinyama nthawi zonse zothandiza. Iwo kumvetsa kwa mwana, kumene zabwino ndi zoipa kumene, momwe angachitire. olemba Russian tcheru wapadera kwa mitunda. Kumene, dera ankakonda - nkhalango. Pajatu amagwirizana ndi Russia.

Siyense zokhudza chikhalidwe cha izi zili zatsatanetsatane za iye. A chitsanzo chapadera - ntchito za Jack London ndi "White dzino." Bukuli lakonzedwa kuti kuwerenga achinyamata, kumabweretsa ulemu ndi chikondi kwa anthu amene analamulira munthu.

J .. London "White dzino"

Dog ndi mwana nkhandwe White dzino poyamba wokondwa kwambiri kuti ndiri nacho kwa anthu oyera. Iye anayamba kukhala ngati nkhondo galu. Koma tsiku lina, khamu lake lapamtima atatsala pang'ono kuphedwa, iye sanali mphambu chifukwa cha imfa. Zinali ndiye kuti anagula wina mzungu - Scott. White dzino Posafuna kuti maganizo ake, koma pambuyo pake ntchito. Scott anatenga galu naye California, komwe poyamba nyama zinali zachilendo. Ulimi ali chete ndi bata. Koma ndiye dzino anazolowera, iye kamodzi kupulumutsidwa ku imfa ya munthu kanthawi kulandira kuvulala kwambiri. Koma amphamvu nyama atachitidwa. Scott White dzino mudzalipidwa mtima wake wabwino wa chikondi ndi kudzipereka.

Choncho, buku la chikhalidwe - izi ndi njira chabe kuphunzira zinthu zatsopano za dziko, komanso mpata wabwino kukhala kukoma mtima, lingaliro la kukongola, makhalidwe onse a anthu ayi.