Mulungu wa nzeru. The Greek wamkazi wa nzeru

Chiwerengero cha Greece ankakhulupirira kuti dziko ndi munthu moyo lolamulidwa ndi milungu. Iwo ankatchedwa a Olympic, chifukwa malo awo a malawi ndi phiri la Olympus. Pali milungu yambiri, ndi miyoyo yawo inali ngati Ahelene pa moyo wawo chidziko. Iwo ankakhulupirira kuti Olympians moyo banja limodzi lalikulu udindo wa mutu limene mfumu anatumizidwa kwa milungu - Zeus.

yemwe iye anali kwa Agiriki akale Sitimayo inagunda Athena?

Ine anapambana kwambiri ulemu ndi chikondi cha anthu akale a mwana wamkazi wa Zeu - Sitimayo inagunda. Athena Agiriki - mulungu wa nzeru ndi nkhondo chilungamo, nzeru zothandizira mipingo yawo, maluso ndi zamanja. Iye anali tate wa pomenya nkhondo ndi njira zothandiza, ubwino zimachitika zipambano zambiri pa nkhondo. Iye anali gawo la banja la Olympians akuluakulu awiri. Ankaopedwa wamkazi ku Greece wakale, kuonetsa ngati chikuposa wofunika ndi kutchuka ndi atate wake - Zeus. Izo zinali zobvomerezeka anali ofanana naye nzeru ndi mphamvu. Chosiyana ndi milungu ina palokha-apamwamba. Amanyadira kukhala okhoza kukhala namwali. mulungu wa nzeru za Agiriki kumaonekera Roma Minerva.

Kamtsikana wankhondo anakhala patroness wa anthu akale a mizinda ndi mayiko. Popeza amagwirizana chitukuko cha sayansi ndi zamanja. Athena - umunthu wa nzeru, luso, pothana ndi luso. Greek kalembedwe dzina la mulungu wamkazi - Ἀθηνᾶ, n'kukhala - Afinayya. Dzina la munthu uyu lanthano dzina lake mzinda otchuka wa Athens.

Maonekedwe a mulungu wa nzeru chizindikiro cha wakale

Agiriki anapereka Athena zachilendo ndi chidwi maonekedwe, kotero kuti mosavuta wosiyana yaikazi ena Olimpiki. Mwana wa Zeu allocates ntchito makhalidwe chibadidwe theka amphamvu a anthu. Mulungu wa Nzeru akuonetsedwa wina wamtali, wooneka mkazi atavala wankhondo zida. mutu wake chokongoletsedwa ndi kudzikondweretsa ndi kuteteza chisoti zoteteza ndi Crest mkulu. M'manja mwa Athens - mkondo ndi chishango, ataphimbidwa ndi khungu njoka yokongoletsera mu mawonekedwe a mutu wa Medusa ndi Gorgon. Wamkazi Greek wa nzeru, yenda limodzi ndi nyama yopatulika. Nthawi amasonyezedwa ndi mapiko Nike. Chizindikiro cha nzeru anali kadzidzi ndi njoka.

Agiriki akale analongosola motere: Ko ndi tsitsi bulauni. Homer mbali lake lotchedwa "sovookimi", kusonyeza kukongola kwa maso kwambiri. Magwero a Virgil ali chidwi mpukutu pamene Cyclops mu safanana wa Vulcan loschat kwa Sitimayo inagunda zida zankhondo ndi ulamuliro kuphimba mamba awo ndi njoka.

kubadwa

Chitsanzo Greek nthano anali nkhani osaka zikamera wa mulungu anabadwa. Pali Mabaibulo ambiri, ambiri kwake "Theogony" Hesiod.

Yekha mfumu ya milungu Athena alitcha kubadwa kwake. Wamphamvuyonse Zeus ndi Thunderer waphunzira kuti m'mimba mwa Metis, mkazi wake woyamba, ndi mwana wa maganizo apamwamba ndi mphamvu wangwiro. The mwana zinaneneredwa kuposa nzeru za makolo ake. chinsinsi ichi Moira anauza Zeus - mulungu wa tsoka. Mantha a bingu amene anabadwa, mwanayo napasula iye ndi mpando wachifumu Olympic. Kupewa tsoka m'khutu iye lulled mkazi pakati ndi kuwameza iwo. Pomwepo Zeus anagonjetsa ndi mutu mumamva. Anaitanitsa mwana wa Hephaestus, iye analamula kuti kudula mutu ndi nkhwangwa, poganiza kuti lichotse kupweteka ndi phokoso zodabwitsazi mutu wanga. Hephaestus sanathe asamvere Atate ake. Iye anagawa chigaza ndi kugwedezeka umodzi. Ndipo mu dziko la milungu anali mtsogoleri wa wolamulira wamkulu wa Olympians wankhondo wamkulu - Athena, mulungu wa nzeru. Iye anaonekera ozama Olympians mu zida zonse zankhondo: mu chonyezimira chisoti, mkondo ndi chishango. maso ake buluu limatulutsa nzeru ndi chilungamo, maonekedwe lonse la Virgin linadzaza ndi kukongola chodabwitsa Mulungu. Anavomera nalemekeza Olympians anabadwa mwana ankakonda Zeus - ndi losagonjetseka Sitimayo inagunda. mayi ake kuwameza - Metis, kuvekedwa ndi chosafa, ndipo wakhala nthawizonse moyo mu thupi la mwamuna wake, nampatsa malangizo abwino ndi anathandiza kuti alamulire dziko lonse.

Mu ndakatulo yake ya Homer sanali kulabadira kwa nthano za kubadwa kwa Athena. Olemba Kwina.Ndithu awonjezera mtundu wa tsatanetsatane nkhani ndipo kwambiri anamanga izo. Motero malinga Pindar, pa nthawi ya kubadwa kwa msilikali ku Rhodes izo mvula inayamba kugwa kuchokera madontho golide.

Kodi ndi pamene iye anabadwa mulungu wa nzeru? Mabaibulo taphunzira

Pali nkhani zina zokhudza kubadwa kwake. Greek Aristokl wolemba limafotokoza za kubadwa kwa Athena ku mtambo chifukwa cha kumenya kwa mphezi anatumiza Thunderer. Ndiponso, chochitika chikuchitika mu Krete. Izi nthano - kuonetseredwa kwa zithunzi akale za mmene kubwera mphenzi ndi bingu wa thundercloud chachikulu. Pali Mabaibulo ena ndi maina osiyana a makolo.

The olemba mabuku akale ndi mbiri yakale, pali kusagwirizana pa funso komwe mtsikana anabadwa. Mu nkhani ya Aeschylus malo ake a kubadwa - Libya, malo pafupi ndi nyanja Tritonidai. Herodotus analemba zikhulupiriro za Libyans kuti Athena - mbadwa ya Poseidon. Nkhani za Apollonius cha Rhodes mulungu wa nzeru, anabadwa pafupi ndi nyanja Triton.

Pausanias kumabweretsa mbadwa nkhani, limene limafotokoza za kubadwa kwa Sitimayo inagunda kumene kunali guwa Zeu mu Aliferov (Arcadia).

Komanso malo a kubadwa kwa Athena ankaona Boeotian mzinda alalcomenes, kumene mogwirizana ndi m'deralo, zinali anthu vykormlena.

Tsiku la kubadwa kwa mulungu mu nthawi ya tsiku ankaona Panathenaic 28 gekatombeona logwirizana ndi tsiku pa 18 August. Ndipo ntchito makhoti anali inaimitsidwa pa tsiku limenelo. The "Chronicon" chaka cha kubadwa kwa Virgin wotchedwa TH 237 wa Abrahamu, mu aweruze athu - 1780 BC

Athena mu nthano: ndi adani a Troy

Mmodzi wa mitu wamba Agiriki, anali nkhondo ya Agiriki akale ndi Trojan mfumu Paris, imene inatha ndi adani a Troy ndi Odysseus 'chigonjetso lodziwika bwino. Agiriki akale zimachitika Athena dongosolo lonse za ntchito yomanga ndi Trojan kavalo. mulungu wa nzeru amalimbikitsa Ahelene. Euripides ananena kuti kuwonongedwa kwa Troy - Chifukwa cha mkwiyo ndi ukali wa Sitimayo inagunda.

Kodi n'chiyani chinachititsa chiwonongeko cha Troy, Athena? Si bwino, koma Achaeans amanga kavalo pa dongosolo lake ndi pansi pa utsogoleri wake. Popereka Quintus Smurna Mfundo anafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane monga palladium, kukhala tulo Achaeans, limaphunzitsa zamanja awo. Chifukwa cha mulungu wa nzeru, nyumbayi inatha mu masiku atatu. Pamaso chabe atsogoleri Achaean akatulukire kwa Athens kudalitsa chilengedwe chonse. Komanso, palladium, zopezeka mtumiki analangiza Odyssey malo kavalo ankhondo Achaean. Kenako, udachita kupita ngwazi nkhondo ya chakudya cha milungu, akhoza kutaya njala.

Pansi zothandizira mipingo yawo lake la Agiriki kulanda Troy ndi zochuluka chuma. Usiku bwinja mzinda Sitimayo inagunda akukhala pa Acropolis mu kuwala kwa zipolopolo zake akuyitana Agiriki chigonjetso.

Athena - anayambitsa ndi woyang'anira

mulungu wa nzeru za Agiriki akale - woyambitsa wa boma, ndi Mlengi wa nkhondo, wopanga malamulo ndi woyambitsa wa khoti la ku Atene wapamwamba - Areopagi. Mu nkhokwe kwa kufufuza mwaukatswiri ake ndi magaleta chombo, zitoliro ndi lipenga, ceramic tableware, mafupa okhaokha, khasu, goli ng'ombe ndi kuzomangira pakamwa pa mahatchi.

Greek mtsikana asanakwatiwe anabweretsa wamkazi tsitsi nsembe. Pali otchula namwali wansembe m'nyumba ya Athena. Sitimayo inagunda amateteza akazi okwatiwa. Ena magwero Pallada amatchedwa mtetezi wa amalinyero ndi shipbuilders. Iye akuthandizani ambuye wa zitsulo, phunzitsani Daedalus. Athena anapatsa anthu odziwa kuluka ndi kuphika. Nthano zakale Greek zambiri mumve za thandizo mutu wamkazi wa kuchita anamanganso zosiyanasiyana zodabwitsa otchuka.

Kulambira Athena

nzeru wamkazi ankalambira m'madera onse a Ancient Greece. Iye odzipereka kwambiri kwa Acropolis, kuphatikizapo Athens, Argos, Sparta, Megara, ndi atatu Trézény. Sitimayo inagunda - ndi mbuye wa mzinda wa boma la Russia ndi anthu Greek. Mu Attica anali mulungu yaikulu ya boma ndi mzinda wa Athens.