Mnemosyne ndi muses la Greece

Mu chikhalidwe European, akukhulupirira kuti pamene wolemba ndakatulo amadzichepetsa kudzoza, izo zikutanthauza kuti iye anatumiza pansi imasonkhezera wake. Chipilala wolemba ndakatulo kwambiri ndi kupeka nyimbo, nthawi zambiri amasonyezedwa ndi imasonkhezera mapiko. Koma ochepa mukudziwa kuti wakale imasonkhezera Greek ouziridwa andakatulo osati ndi Oimba, koma ngakhale a sayansi. Nthawi zambiri, Agiriki akale ankakhulupirira kuti nzeru zonse - Mulungu, ndi zomwe Zavumbulutsidwa kwa anthu kuchokera pamwamba, milungu. ndi muses la Greece wakale - iwo ali?

Magwero a nyimbo - mutu akukondedwa Greek ndi Roman theogony. Iye anali wodzipereka kwa ntchito zambiri ndipo ngakhale ndakatulo (monga "Metamorphoses" wa Ovidi). Komabe, magwero a nyimbo mmene alili ndi olemba osiyana yosiyaniranapo Chrixitu. Hesiod (. VII m'ma BC) mu "Theogony" akunenetsa kuti wakale Greek imasonkhezera - ndi mwana wa Zeu, mfumu ya milungu Olimpiki ndi wamkazi yokumbukira Mnemosyne. Natenga maonekedwe a mbusa Zeus kunyengedwa Mnemosyne, amene anakhala naye usiku 9, ndipo zotsatira anabereka 9 Muses aakazi.

Koma pali nkhani zina zokhudza muses mmene anabadwira la Greece. Malinga Alkmanu Mimnernusu ndipo ali ana aakazi a Gaia ndi Uranus. Choncho, iwo amatchulidwa uranidam- milungu wamkulu kuposa Kronides (milungu Olimpiki). magwero ena amanena kwawo mbadwa za mulungu wa mogwirizana (zimene pamapeto chimawapangitsa mwana wake wamkazi kwa mulungu wamkazi wa kukongola Aphrodite). Mawu "imasonkhezera" ndi kukuwa kapena ndakatulo. Zonse zokhudza chiyambi cha njira nyimbo ina ikukhudzana bwanji ndi nkhondo ndi Titans Zeus (uranidami) ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa mphamvu yake - mphamvu ya milungu Olimpiki. Mnemosyne anali kusunga kukumbukira ya anthu amene amapezera mwayi ndi kupatsira ana. Kale Greek mzinda boma Leybadeya lilipo masika chopatulika cha Mnemosyne, ndipo aliyense amene adamwa m'menemo, yodziŵa za magwero ndi zoyamba.

Image wa mulungu yokumbukira Mnemosyne zambiri atazunguliridwa ndi ana ake naini. ndi muses la Greece ndi zipolopolo (Kuteteza) chomwe iwo ali ndi ndani? Aliyense wa alongo asanu ndi anayi wokongola ali ndi makhalidwe awo kuti ali kophweka. Clio ndi patroness wa mbiri akufotokozedwa ndi kalembedwe (ndodo kalata) ndi mpukutu ku mlombwa wreath (monga analowa mu mbiri ya zochitika za mayina a Ngwazi). Erato azeze zojambulidwa pamiyala likuimira lyric ndakatulo, ndi mbale wake Euterpe, nthawi zonse akuonetsedwa ndi zitoliro ndi garlands wa maluwa, m'nyimbo nyimbo. Calliope, imasonkhezera ndakatulo epic ndi chidziwitso, ali ndi makhalidwe ofanana ndi Clio. Mutu zomvetsa chisoni Melpomene, imasonkhezera tsoka, ndi korona ndi nkhata ya Ivy, ndipo manja ake ali ndi chigoba zoopsa, pamene, ngati chiuno kuseka amasonyezedwa ndi chigoba, chifukwa amateteza sewero lanthabwala. Imasonkhezera Terpsichore kuvina ankafotokozedwa ndi azeze zojambulidwa pamiyala ndi plectrum, kuthamanga ndipo adzavina. Otsiriza muses awiri Greek ali kwambiri: Urania ndi mapu a kumwamba ndi kampasi (imasonkhezera zakuthambo) ndi Polyhymnia, ndi patroness wa apamwamba amene amasunga ndodo yachifumu chifukwa oratory ndi wamphamvu kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ena. Koma zambiri zothandizira mipingo yawo ndi ophiphiritsa nyimbo potsiriza anapanga mu Kubadwa Kwatsopano.

Pa nthawi ina ya Greece wakale anakhazikitsa nthano muses atatu (II BC.): Aida (nyimbo), Meletiou (mchitidwe) ndi Mnemonic (kukumbukira). Koma kenako anayamba kukhulupirira kuti pali muses zinayi: Telpsikora, Meletus, Ehudi ndi Arches. Cicero anatchula 7 muses: Neil, Triton, Geptapora, Aconitum, Aheloy, rhodium ndi Tipoplo. Iye akhapidziwa kuti muses la Greece wakale anakhala pa zopatulika Phiri Helicon, ndi mipando yawo mulungu dzuwa ndi Apollo Tirhana, nchifukwa chake otsiriza ndipo muli dzina lakuti "Musaget" (dalaivala wa Muses). Tsopano iwo anatengedwa kuimira mbalame wokongola, sadzachitanso atavala, kufika kuuzira olemba ndakatulo kuimba chikondi. Koma mu dziko wakale , iwo anali milungu, kulangiza anthu daruyuschimi nzeru zawo ndi nzeru, nalemekeza malamulo yolumikiza m'mbuyomu ndiponso masiku ano.