Ndi zipembedzo za makolo a anthu a ku India chiyani?

Hindustan - ndi chilumba cha kum'mwera kwa Asia, umene uli mbali ya India. Pa chilumba ndi kunyumba kwa ambiri anthu a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mafuko, ndi zinenero zosiyana ndi kudzinenera ziphunzitso zosiyana achipembedzo.

The zipembedzo za makolo a anthu a ku India - kani, ndi chipembedzo, monga nthawi ya kukhalapo kwa gawo lino ndi kale zaka zikwi zisanu za mbiri ya chikunja, animism, kupembedza ndi zikhulupiriro zitatuzi zosiyanasiyana komanso wosakaniza ndi mzake.

Kuyambira chitukuko cha Mohenjo-daro kuti chambiri Great Britain

pachilumbachi wachita kale wokhalamo anthu - nkhani ya kusintha kwa nyengo ndi chitukuko unkagwiritsidwa kuyambira Neolithic. Ndi kuthetsa oyambirira pano ali ndi zaka amati 20 zikwi BC. Ndi za Mohenjo-daro - mmodzi wa midzi wamkulu poyera.

Malinga asayansi ena, zigawo m'munsi mwa mzinda anaonekera m'dera la 20-15 Zakachikwi BC, ngakhale tsiku lanuli maonekedwe a malo - zaka 2600 asanabadwe Khristu. ndi zipembedzo za makolo a anthu a ku India nthawi iti? Kuti inali nthawi ya maonekedwe a Chihindu, lomwe linakhazikitsidwa pa maziko a chitukuko cha Harappa ndi Dravidians.

Kuyambira pamenepo mpaka wathu nthawi pa Indian kudela kumene kuli anthu osiyana mitundu Wa Dravid, olankhula zinenero wa Dravidian gulu Veddas (iwo mwina amakezana anthu a South India), kusunda chinenero. Kuwonjezera izi, panali nthumwi mundskoy ndi Tibeto-Burman chinenero banja , ndi anthu ena.

Patapita kufika kwa Aryans m'derali, pang'onopang'ono anayamba kupanga dongosolo Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira. Potengera chiphunzitso cha Karma, iye anagawa anthu ku misinkhu, pang'onopang'ono kukhala ndi mphamvu zambiri zosanjidwa ndi okhwima.

Pa mlingo ndale mu dera pa nthawi zosiyanasiyana kufalitsa kukopa kwake kwambiri maufumu ndi maufumu, kuphatikizapo m'mayiko a Greek, m'mayiko a Saka, Kushan Ufumu, Ufumu Gupta ndi Harsha, Magandha ndi ena. The zipembedzo za makolo a anthu a ku India pa nthawi ya Chihindu, Chibuda, m'madera ena - chikunja.

Pang'onopang'ono, dera pachilumbachi, akudutsa m'nyengo kugonjetsa Aleksandrom Makedonskim, mapangidwe ndi chitukuko cha Chisilamu States ndi Ufumu wa Great Mughals, anakhala njuchi la Great Britain.

Mutapeza kusadalira Britain, India unagawidwa limati atatu palokha: kuno ndi malo Pakinstana, Bangladesh ndi mbali ya India.

The zipembedzo za makolo a anthu a ku India

The atatu chiphunzitso waukulu achipembedzo mderali - Chihindu, Chisilamu ndi Chibuda. Komanso ali ndi ambiri otsatira a Chijaini, Sikhism, Animism. Chihindu - chipembedzo kwambiri miyambo ya anthu a ku India: zinachitika mu 3 Zakachikwi BC. pa maziko a chikhulupiriro ngakhale zambiri wakale. Popeza dongosolo lino chikhulupiriro akulimba Vedic, harapskuyu ndi Dravidian chitukuko, amaona wamkulu mu dziko.

Sindikudziwa gwero limodzi kapena tate wa Chihindu, palibe ngakhale chiphunzitso wamba kapena miyambo. Ndipotu banja la chikhulupiriro, mwa mitundu zosiyanasiyana amaganizira mono-, poly- ndi pantheism, monism ndipo ngakhale kuli Mulungu.

Chibuda, Chijaini ndi Sikhism

zipembedzo zina ziwiri, komanso zokhudzana ndi mwambo dera limeneli - ndi Chibuda ndipo Chijaini. Palibe a iwo kawirikawiri aliyense wa limati amakono a pachilumbachi, koma ambiri otsatira ndipo yoyamba ndi yachiwiri.

Chibuda unachokera mu za m'ma BC yachiwiri Pa chitukuko cha munthu cha mafunde ake, Mahayana, ankatsatira kwambiri chikhalidwe Agiriki ndi Abuda. Motero, chipembedzo cha makolo ndithu anthu a ku India, amene anakhala mu zimene ziri tsopano kumpoto-kumadzulo Pakistan (chikhalidwe Agiriki ndi Chibuda anabwera chifukwa cha kuyanjana Indian, Central Asia, Persian ndi Greek ndipo anayamba mpaka cha m'ma 5 BC pa maiko a kum'mawa Afghanistan ndi kumpoto Pakistan).

Chijaini ndi Sikhism unachokera mu 9-6 zaka BC. e. ndi 15 m'ma AD, motero. Ngakhale oyamba wamkulu kwambiri, onse anachita mbali yofunika kwambiri mu mbiri ya deralo.

Islam

chipembedzo cha anthu a ku India akhoza kupikisana ndi Chihindu chiyani? Yankho ndi - Islam. Kuti iyi ndi zitatuzi chikhulupiriro dongosolo, kubweretsa dera mu ndondomeko kuwagonjetsa, kuyambira m'zaka VIII.

Islam ndi lalikulu dongosolo kukhulupirira Pakistan ndi Bangladesh. Ndi mwana, koma ali m'zipembedzo zikuluzikulu kwa zaka zambiri.