Mphepete mwa nyanja ya Belize ku North America: kufotokozera, zinthu ndi mfundo zochititsa chidwi

Caribbean ndi yotchuka chifukwa cha zilumba zodabwitsa kwambiri ndi nyanja, zomwe zamoyozi sizinaphunzire mpaka pano, ngakhale 10%. Malo amodzi okongola kwambiri m'madzi a Caribbean ndi Belize Barrier Reef, pafupifupi makilomita 280 kutalika, omwe amayenderera m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Belize ku Central America.

Ndilo gawo lalikulu la Mesoamerican Barrier Reef, kutalika kwake komwe kumachokera ku Guatemalan m'mphepete mwa malire akumpoto kwambiri a peninsula ya Yucatan ndi zonse zopitirira 900 km.

Peyala yoyendera alendo ku Nyanja ya Caribbean

Chokopa chachikulu ndi malo okopa alendo ku Belize ndi Belize yopanda malire, yomwe imadutsa makilomita 13-14 kuchokera ku gombe. Ndilo masango aakulu kwambiri mumzinda wa Western Hemisphere ndipo ali ndi malo awiri olemekezeka padziko lapansi, kumbuyo kwa Australia Great Barrier Reef.

Mphepete mwa nyanja ya Belize yamakono a miyala yamchere - Amatembenuka, Glovers Reef, Lighthouse Reef ndi zilumba zazing'ono zosiyanasiyana (pafupifupi 450), malo okongola, nsomba (zoposa 540) ndi zida zazikulu.

Wofufuza wina wotchuka kwambiri m'nyanja m'nyanja ya Jacques-Yves Cousteau anayambitsa mtundu wosakhala ndi mapiri, womwe umasiyanitsa ndi maonekedwe a masango ambirimbiri.

Mayiko omwe ali pafupi ndi Belize mphepo yam'madzi ndi Honduras, Guatemala ndi Mexico. Mphepete mwa nyanjayi ndi malo a madzi a Honduran Bay ndi nyanja ya Caribbean. Pali mafunde otentha omwe amachititsa kutentha kwa madzi ndi mpweya kufika pa msinkhu womwewo chaka chonse, kupanga nyengo yapadera.

Mbiri yakale

Pali deta kuchokera kumabwinja omwe ngakhale kale tisanakhalepo mafuko a Amwenye omwe adakhalako, omwe adasamukira ku dziko lapansi ndikukhala a Honduras, Panama ndi mayiko ena a ku America. Dzina la mpanda uwu ndilopangidwanso kwa anthu akale, ngakhale kuti pali malingaliro okhudzidwa ndi ogonjetsa ndi anthu okhala ku South Africa. Kulongosola koyamba kwasayansi kwa Belize Barrier Reef ku North America ndi wa Darwin, yemwe anasangalala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera ndi zinyama zapadera ndipo kwa nthawi yoyamba anawapatsa zida zofotokozera.

Mu Middle Ages, mpandawo unasankhidwa ndi achifwamba omwe anali m'madzi a Nyanja ya Caribbean ndi malo okonzera ndikugulitsa chuma chofunkha pazilumbazi. Pambuyo pake, ana awo adakhala pano ndikukhala asodzi, anasamukira kumtunda ndikupanga anthu ambiri a Belize ndi mayiko omwe ali pafupi.

Mndandanda wa malo otchuka padziko lonse

Mu 1996, bungwe la UNESCO World Heritage Site linaonjezeredwa ndi zachilengedwe zapadera za Belize Barrier Reef. Madera omwe ali pansi pa chitetezo amatenga makilomita oposa 900 square. Kwa zinthu zazikulu za cholowa cha dziko lapansi ndi:

• Phokoso lalikulu la buluu lokhala ndi mtundu wodabwitsa wa madzi ;
• Malo osungiramo madzi m'nyanja Glovers-Reef ndi Hol-Chan ndi dziko lawo locheperapo pansi pa madzi;
• Chikumbutso chachilengedwe cha Half Moon-Ki, kumene mungakumane ndi mitundu yosawerengeka ya mbalame ndi mamba.

Buluu Buluu la Nyanja ya Caribbean

Phokoso lalikulu la buluu lokhala ndi mamita 120 ndi lalikulu mamita 300 ndi chinthu chodabwitsa kwambiri chachirengedwe, chofanana ndi chingwe chokhala ndi madzi okongola a buluu ndi mphuno yamchere. Chozizwitsa ichi cha chirengedwe chimaonedwa kuti ndi malo okongola kwambiri kuzilumba za Caribbean. Kuwonekera kwake pa malo a mphanga wouma kunayambika ndi kukwera kwa nyanja kumtsatiridwa ndi kusefukira kwa madzi. Masitoyititi pamakoma apanga a phanga amapanga maulendo ndipo nthawi yomweyo amatha kuona malo okonda zachilengedwe. Kuwonekera kupyolera m'mphepete mwa madzi - 60 mamita, dziko lapansi lopanda madzi odabwitsa kwambiri, mwayi wophunzira mitundu yosawerengeka ya anthu okhala m'madzi amatha kukopa akatswiri osiyanasiyana ochokera padziko lonse lapansi. Blue Hole ndiyang'aniridwa ndi diso la mbalame.

Zosungiramo zamadzi

Kuchokera m'tawuni ya San Pedro pachilumba cha Ambergris, mukhoza kufika ku malo a m'nyanja ya Hol-Chan mumphindi. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zamoyo zomwe zimapezeka m'deralo ndi zodabwitsa: akalulu a m'nyanja, miyala yamchere ndi nyanja zam'madzi, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma stingrays, dolphins, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya sharki komanso mitundu yambiri ya nsomba. Amakonza magawo kwa anthu omwe akufuna kusambira ndi sharki ndi kuwadyetsa, mwachibadwa, ndi kusunga njira zotetezera.

Nyanja ya Glovers-Reef yapamadzi imakhala yokongola kwambiri komanso imadzaza ndi anthu osiyanasiyana m'nyanja. Chisangalalo chochokera pamadzi chidzaperekedwa ku maphunziro osiyanasiyana, ndipo omwe akufuna kufufuza dziko lapansi pansi pa madzi adzadzipangira zambiri.

Chitsamba chachilengedwe Half-Moon-Ki ndi malo a mitundu yambiri ya mbalame ndi mafunde a m'nyanja. Mitundu ina ya mbalame, mwachitsanzo, zizindikiro zofiira, zimangokhala pano.

Popeza choloŵa chachilengedwe cha Belize Barrier Reef chikulengezedwa kuti ndi malo otetezedwa, kusaka ndi kusodza sikuletsedwa m'malo onse otetezedwa, komanso kutumizidwa kwa zida zilizonse.

Ulendo ku Belize

Dziko lokongola, dziko lokongola la pansi pa madzi, malo ambiri okopa komanso malo abwino okwera ndege amachititsa alendo ku Belize kuzungulira dziko lonse lapansi. Boma la dziko likuthandiza zofuna za anthu ochokera padziko lonse lapansi kukaona kukongola komwe kuli pafupi ndi mpanda.

Pazaka zapitazi, m'madera a zisumbu zazilumba, mahotela ambiri omwe ali ndi mautumiki apamwamba amamangidwa, omwe amatha kukwanitsa zoyembekeza zovuta kwambiri. Pali njira yolankhulirana pakati pa zilumba, madzi ambiri, helikopita, m'madzi ndi maulendo apansi. Oyamba kumene akhoza kutenga maphunziro ndi kulandira kalata yapadziko lonse pano.

Kuwonjezera pa zochitika poyang'ana dziko lapansi pansi pa madzi ndikuyendera malo otchuka ndi malo otetezedwa, oyendayenda adzakondwera kuona Belize Zoo, Batfield Park ndi Government House. Zokongola zodutsa maulendo pamtengo wotsika mtengo, pafupifupi chikhalidwe chosasinthika ndi mwayi wopezera malingaliro ambiri ku masewera oopsa zimapangitsa kuyendera chikumbukiro cha Belize chifukwa chokhala ndi moyo.

Zamoyo ndi ntchito za kusungidwa

Kupititsa patsogolo chitukuko, kuyendetsa chiwembu komanso kukulirakulira kwa alendo akuwononga zachilengedwe zakuthambo. Kumbali imodzi, phindu lochokera ku malonda okopa alendo limathandiza kuti pakhale patsogolo chuma. Pa zida zina za zinyalala zomwe zatsalira ndi alendo, zimayipitsa chinthu chachilengedwe chodziwika ndi kupha okhala m'nyanja. Kuchulukitsa nsomba pogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala owopsa, kupha nsomba za m'nyanja ndi kukhwimitsa malamulo mosagwirizana kungayambitse kuti patapita kanthawi sipadzakhalanso mitundu yambiri ya zamoyo, ndipo zina zidzafa palimodzi.

Kuwonjezeka kwa zinyalala za poizoni ndi kuonjezera mlingo wa ultraviolet m'madzi kumabweretsa kutero kutchedwa coral bleaching, zomwe zingayambitse kutayika kwa mchere wokongola kwambiri komanso zamoyo zonse. Boma la Belize ndi chitetezo cha bungwe la UNESCO liyenera kuthandiza kuteteza chilengedwe ichi chodabwitsa. Mphepete mwa Belize Barrier Reef iyenera kuonetsedwa ndi mbadwa zathu, kotero ndikofunikira kusunga chinthu chodabwitsa chachilengedwechi kwa iwo mwapamwamba kwambiri.