Monga anthu aphunzira kuwerenga? Monga anthu aphunzira kuwerenga mumtima mwanu?

Pa moyo wake, munthu aliyense nthawi zonse zinthu zatsopano, ndi Nzeru zimene anapeza patapita nthawi zina amaoneka zosadabwitsa kuti zazindikirika ngati yoona bwino. Mutu si ngakhale zakukwawa pa: mmene onse anayamba? Monga anthu aphunzira kuwerenga ndi kudziwa nthawi? nthawi yaitali bwanji kulikonse azindikira kuti pafupifupi chilichonse umamumvera ziwerengero mu dziko?

Monga anthu aphunzira kuwerenga nthawi

Ndi Masiku ano masiku 365 pachaka, masiku 30 pa mwezi ndi maola 24 pa tsiku ndi mfundo achilengedwe. Poyamba, pamene panalibe kudziwa za kuchuluka kwa nthawi munthu atakhutira ndi njira anatulukira paokha, kutanthauza kuti ichi ndi dzuwa. Padziko anaika iliyonse oyimba ndi kulemba ndi ndodo, imene mthunzi anawamvera circumferentially. Kudalira nyengo ndi mwayi kwambiri chipangizo chotero: mitambo ndi overcast kumwamba sanalole mtima wa nthawi. An analogue zoterozo eg mu dziko lero ndi wotchi, wakhazikitsa wokha ngati kagawo kakang'ono ndi kukhala item chofunika kwambiri pa moyo wa munthu.

Nthawi nyenyezi, madzi, ndi moto

Star - chizindikiro cha chikondi ndi maloto a chinachake kutali ndi wokongola, anali ngati determinant wa nthawi yausiku ndi. Kuti limeneli anatulukira nyenyezi mapu amene muyeso anatenga malo kudzera polumikizira chida.

Kuwonjezera dzuwa ndi Nyenyezi maola, pafupifupi anthu onse otchuka ndi losiyana yekha mu dongosolo, kani massively ntchito madzi zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho akuimira thanki cylindrical, kumene madzi inagwetsa dropwise. Kuti chiwerengero cha madzi inagwetsa wolemera anthu muyeso nthawi. mawotchi anthu ambiri ku Egypt, Rome, Babulo. Munthu anaphunzira nthawi mu Asia? Apa, mu amadzimadzi-mtundu zipangizo ntchito mfundo n'zosiyana: chotengeracho akuyandama ladzala ndi madzi kubwera kudzera mdzenje yaing'ono.

Kuyesera kubweretsa moyo osati madzi, komanso zinthu moto, anthu anadza ndi moto penyani, amene asankha anachokera ku China ndipo anapambana kutchuka pa nthawi ku Ulaya konse. Maziko a mafoni amenewa, liwulo nthawi inali kuyaka chuma (mu mawonekedwe a timitengo kapena helix) ndi mipira Ufumuyo zitsulo, kugwa pa chiwerengero zina mwa nkhani kuyaka. Ku Ulaya, makamaka ntchito mawotchi kandulo ankaona nyale ndi awo wicking. Nthawi Mzimuyo chiwerengero cha sera yopsereza. Makamaka zofala ulonda izi mu mipingo ndi mchitidwe umenewu.

Hourglass - Apo kunyada modernity

Inde, wotchuka anali hourglass, umenenso mwakhama ntchito kuti agwire ntchito yake yaikulu, komanso zinthu zokongoletsera. Zowona computable nthawi zipangizo za mtundu uwu zimatengera pa mchenga quality, izo ndiyo pachilichonse za flowability.

Mbiri ya zosayembekezereka wa ochuluka sayansi

nthawi luntha zizindikiro zake kachulukidwe ndi kutithandiza kuona kuti manambala kuphunzira ndi numeracy. Ndipo mbiri ya nkhani za chiyambi ndi yaitali, akuoneka ngati nthano. Monga anthu aphunzira kuwerenga? zaka zambirimbiri zapitazo, anthu ankakhala mafuko anatsogolera moyo wochezeka, kuvala zikopa za nyama zakufa, ndi kudyetsedwa ndi chakuti nthumwi zake umakhoza nokha.

Motero, ndi mthandizi zida kupulumuka ndi ulimi wa chakudya ndi losavuta zida: timitengo ndi miyala. Mwina ngozi nthawi zonse ndi kufunika zakudya akhala kutsogolera yaikulu kufunika ndalama kuti m'nthawi yathu sikuti amaona mfundo zachilengedwe, komanso ntchito mothandizidwa zamakono kompyuta.

Chimodzi, ziwiri, ndi zambiri

Lingaliro woyamba omwe amatanthauza kuti chiwerengero ndi kuwafotokozera anthu aphunzira kuwerenga, anali "munthu" ndi "ambiri". "Munthu" - payokha allocated malinga ndi muyezo ena kapena nkhani payekha: Mtsogoleri wa gululo, tirigu khutu, etc. "Ambiri" - misa okwana, mu mutu umene uli.

Zikamera wa "ziwiri" kutanthauza "banja" maso, makutu, yoteroyo, mapiko, dzanja, anafotokoza mmene anthu aphunzira kuwerenga mu nthawi ya manambala si sakupezeka. Akulankhula za abakha awiri anagwira, msaki ankatanthauza kuti maso ake anali kufotokoza motero chiwerengero cha zikho.

Mu kuwerenga sayansi ya dziko wakale panali patsogolo pang'onopang'ono: anali kale chiwerengero "munthu", "ziwiri" ndi "ambiri". Posakhalitsa kunabwera munthu wina zimene anakhala ya misa okwana kuonetsetsa anthu atatu, anayi, asanu kapena kuposa, ndipo nambala iyi analibe dzina, ndipo anafotokoza mmene kuchuluka anthu pa nthawi ya manambala :. "2" ndi "1" Mwachitsanzo, "3" - ndi "1" ndi "2" mu okwana; "4" - Uwerenge "2" ndi "2"; ndi "5" - "2", "2" ndi "1" pamodzi. Mu Tibet, chiwerengero "2" ndi mapiko mu India - maso, ena anthu "1" - mwezi, "5" - dzanja. Ndiko kuti, chiwerengero aliyense anali woyamba zithunzi associative maganizo pamaso kupeza mutu.

Billed monga kufunikira yofunika

Monga anthu aphunzira kuwerenga, ngati kukhoza "luso" iliyonse siteji ya chitukuko anthu zitavuta? Mu ndondomeko ya kusaka pamene chirombo atazunguliridwa ndi mlenje mkulu ankafunika kuika anthu bwino kutenga nyama mphete. Kuchita ichi, adawawonetsera pa zala zake, kumene ndi mmene anthu ambiri amafuna kutenga malo anakhumba ..

Mu malonda, udindo mtengo amagwiranso ntchito masamu zala (ndi zala, ngati mtengo wa mkulu). Mwachitsanzo, kuwombola yotentha ndi mkondo pa zikopa za nyama, wogulitsa anaika dzanja lake pansi ndipo anasonyeza kuti kutsogolo kwa chala chofunika kuika khungu. Mwa njira, chala kungomanga amatanthauza Kuwonjezera, ndi kutambasuka awo - wochotsera. Zinali zitsanzo woyamba masamu pofotokoza mmene anthu akale anaphunzira kuwerenga mu kutali kale.

Kuwerengetsera sayansi m'mayiko osiyanasiyana

M'mayiko ambiri atasunga mu mbiri yake, ndi chitsanzo cha mmene anthu aphunzira kuwerenga, adakali ntchito zotsatira za m'mbuyomu: ku Japan ndi China ntchito banja imatengedwa fives ndi makumi; mu England ndi France - makumi.

Monga anthu aphunzira kuwerenga? Kodi manambala ndi chiwerengero? Yoyamba njira ya manambala kulemba anali notches pa mitengo ndi mfundo zingwe pa zingwe.

Aigupto akale, chosonyeza kanthu mu mawonekedwe a zithunzi pa amtunduwu, monga manambala amenewa sanalembedwe. Anthu a wakale nambala Rome anatchulidwa dashes. Choncho «Ine» - ndi chimodzi, «V» - maburashi chithunzi kuchokera yotundumukira kunja kwa mpanda kwa chala, kani zala zisanu mu chimake chosavuta, "X" - awiri asanu zala zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo pamodzi.

Mkubwela kwa makalata kutanthauza manambala anayamba ntchito zilembo. Mwachitsanzo: B-

Mkubwela kwa makalata kutanthauza manambala anayamba ntchito zilembo. Mwachitsanzo: B - ndi "2", T - "3" M - "4" E - "5". Kusiyanitsa zilembo ndi manambala pa otsiriza anakweza chizindikirochi amatchedwa "Titley." njira sanali yabwino, chifukwa sikuloledwa kulemba ambirimbiri. M'kupita kwa nthawi, anthu anayamba kupatukana chiwerengero cha makalata ndipo anatengedwa payokha, kaya phunzirolo.

Modern Arabic mawerengero, zomwe ankagwiritsa ntchito kulikonse lero, anali kupangidwa ku India, ndipo m'dziko lathu akhala ntchito cha m'ma 18. Iwo sanataye kutchuka ndi manambala achiroma, lero pa ulonda oyimba, ndi ntchito kuzindikira zaka mitu mu mabuku.

ngongole wolemekezeka njira Babulo wakale, kumene kwa zaka 6000 BC kale kunachitidwa timva masamu wa malonda. Zolemba za mtundu amasonyeza zithunzi (nkhani) mu mawonekedwe a yopapatiza wedges yopingasa ndi umodzi, choncho dzina "mapale".

Unit zinaperekedwa limodzi mphero, deuce - awiri ndi zina zotero. chiwerengero "10" allocated ndi mphero yotakata ndipo anali ndi dzina yeniyeni. pachimake Masamu Babulo chachitika pa ulamuliro wa Mfumu Hammurabi. Magwero olembedwa a nthawi imeneyo apeza umboni wa mmene anthu anaphunzira kulemba ndi kuwerenga, kale nthawi yathu. Izi yolemba ntchito kompyuta zovuta, komanso njira ya maikwezhoni quadratic ndi kiyubiki.

Kodi kuphunzira kuwerenga mu malingaliro anu

Ngati ntchito zovuta anali pansi pa mphamvu ya makolo athu, m'badwo wamakono nkhani masamu, nthawi bwino ndi zambiri maganizo kwambiri, ayenera kukhala kovuta kwambiri. Komabe, kupezeka makompyuta, kubereka kanthu digito m'malo munthu, kwambiri facilitates ntchito maganizo a mtsogolo. Choncho, nkhani m'kamwa, amathandiza kukhala kukumbukira ndi kuphunzitsa luso lako ayenera yawoyawo. Kuphunzira mtundu umenewu athu adzakhala bwino, ngati alipo:

• mphamvu, amene pamodzi ndi ndende maganizo kuthandiza kuganizira ntchito pa dzanja ndi kukumbukira manambala zovuta;
• chidziwitso cha mitunduyi, kuchititsa omasuka opangidwa ntchito kompyuta;
• mchitidwe amene pamodzi ndi maphunziro nthawi zonse kumatithandiza kukhala ndi kusintha.

Zitsanzo nkhani yosavuta maganizo

Kuwonjezera, kuchotsera, chulukanani ndi kugawa manambala popanda kupanga malekodi aliyense pa pepala ndipo si ntchito toŵerengera ndi chithunzithunzi. Nazi zitsanzo zingapo za mmene kuphunzira kuwerenga mu malingaliro anu popanda movutikira kwambiri:

Chulutsa ndi 4

njira zosavuta zomwe chiwerengero ayenera kuchulukitsa ndi 2 ndipo zotsatira zake ndi kachiwiri kawiri. Mwachitsanzo:

35 * 4 = 35 * 2 = 70 * 2 = 140

Chulutsa 11

Manambala awiri manambala angapo, kuchulukitsa ndi 11, monga chofunika kusuntha padera.

Mwachitsanzo:

48 11 = 4, ndi 8 11

Ndiye chiwerengero cha manambala chofunika pindani, mu nkhani iyi 4 ndi 8, ndi chifukwa adzakhala ayankhe. Nkofunika kukumbukira kuti ngati zotsatira chimangirizo ndi ziwiri manambala angapo, inu muyenera kusiya mmodzi, ndi makumi kuwonjezera 1.

4 (12) 8 = 5 2 8 = 528. Zimenezo, chifukwa analandira mayunitsi 12 kumanzere - 2, ndi imodzi khumi anawonjezera.

Gawani ndi 5

Amenewa sanali kuvutika aliyense pamafunika kuonjezera chiwerengero mu theka ndi kusuntha koma ndi manambala limodzi zapitazo.

Mwachitsanzo:

125/5 = 125 * 2 = 250 (kuchepetsa mfundo) = 25

Gawani ndi 50

Pankhaniyi, chitsanzo ndi ofanana: chiwerengero ndi kuchulukitsa ndi 2 ndi kugawidwa ndi 100.

600/50 = 600 * 2/100 = 12

Gawani ndi 25

chiwerengero ndi kuchulukitsa ndi 4 ndi kugawidwa ndi 100.

700/25 = 700 * 4/100 = 28

Kuwonjezera ndi wochotsera a manambala zachilengedwe

Pa Kuwonjezera wa manambala zachilengedwe ayenera kudziwa tsenga ichi, kuti m'modzi wa mawu kuonjezera ndi nambala inayake (chifukwa chomasuka nkhani), chiwerengero chomwecho ayenera subtracted ku chotsatira.

Mwachitsanzo:

787 + 193 = (787 + 193+ 7 (kwa nazo 193 200)) - 7 = (787 + 200) - 980 = 7