Mitundu ya zida. Kodi chida choopsa n'chiyani?

Mbiri yonse ya anthu ndi yogwirizana kwambiri ndi kuphulika ndi kupititsa patsogolo njira zothetsera nkhondo. M'nthaŵi zakale munthu adamenyera kuti apulumutsidwe ndi chilengedwe, patapita kanthawi - ndi oimira ma ethnos ake omwe.

Ndi zida zotani zomwe zilipo. Mitundu ya zida zakupha

Ndichizoloŵezi chogawikana kukhala choopsa komanso chosapha. Kodi chida choopsa n'chiyani? Chida ichi chakonzedwa kuti chiwononge mdani. Njira zowononga ndizo:

- zida za Melee. Ndi mfuti ndi chimfine.

- Zida zowonongeka kwakukulu (WMD). Zimaphatikizapo mankhwala, nyukiliya ndi mabakiteriya.

Zotsatira za kugwiritsa ntchito zida zakupha

Nkhondo ziwiri zapadziko zapitazo m'zaka za zana la makumi asanu ndi awiri zapitazi zinasonyezeratu kuti chida choopsa ndi chiyani. Nkhalango zokha za nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse zinaphedwa Pafupifupi 10 miliyoni servicemen. Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse inkachitika ndi zida zowonjezereka kwambiri ndipo inapha asilikali okwana 27 miliyoni ndi apolisi. Kumapeto kwa nkhondo, adaphunzira zida zakupha, anthu a m'midzi ya Japan ya Hiroshima ndi Nagasaki.

Mphindi zochepa chabe, mizinda yonse iwiri inawonongedwa ndi zida zankhanza za nthawi imeneyo - mabomba a atomiki. Anthu oposa 220,000 anafa. Mwamwayi, zida za nyukiliya sizinagwiritsidwepo ntchito zankhondo. Koma mitundu yatsopano ya zida za nyukiliya inalengedwa, nthawi zambiri kuposa mabomba oyambirira a atomiki.

Zida zosaopsa

Kupititsa patsogolo pakukula kwa zamakono zamakono, kusonkhezera kwa anthu kumakhudza kwambiri njira zothetsera nkhondo. Mbali yotsutsanayi ikuyesa kuyesa kuchepetsa kuwononga kwa anthu osauka komanso zachilengedwe. Asayansi ndi omwe amapanga maiko otukuka amayesetsa kuchita khama kwambiri ndikukonzekera zida zomwe sizopha.

Zida zopanda kupha, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa kuti anthu, zimapangidwira kuti zisawononge mdani kwa nthawi ndithu popanda kuvulaza thanzi. Chida cha mtundu umenewu ndi njira yovuta, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito makina, magetsi, mankhwala komanso kuwala.

Zida zopanda ziphuphu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati nkofunika kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha anthu omwe angawathandize.

Njira ina yopititsira patsogolo zida zomwe sizingathe kuwonongeka ndikumanga zipangizo zomwe zimaphwanya kagwiridwe kake ka zipangizo zamagulu. Mwachitsanzo, mothandizidwa ndi zipangizo zoterezi ndizotheka kusintha maonekedwe a mafuta, mavitamini a mafuta ndi mafuta, mphamvu ya mawilo, gaskets, hoses, chifukwa cha kusweka kwazitsulo, ndi zina zotero.

Ntchito ikuyendera pa zitsanzo za zida, zomwe zimachokera ku zovuta za kulumikiza. Amatha kusindikiza zitsulo zamatabwa, zitseko zamagalimoto, magudumu, ziphuphu za zida zankhondo.

Mitundu ya zida zopanda kupha

Pothandizidwa ndi machitidwe atsopano ozikidwa pa mfundo zosiyana siyana, zinakhala zotheka kusokoneza zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa dongosolo loletsa nkhondo.

Akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti posachedwapa ziopsezo zazikulu zidzaimiridwa ndi zida zotsatirazi:

- Mvula;

- Radiological;

- pafupipafupi;

Infrasonic;

- zakuthambo.

Zida Zokonzekera

Zida zowonongeka kwambiri ndi zida zomwe zingagwidwe ndi chifwamba choyamba.

Zida zam'mwambazi ndizo:

- pamwamba, mlengalenga ndi ma-system based missile systems;

- Mabomba omwe amatsogoleredwa;

- zida zothandizira;

- kumayendedwe ka migodi ndi torpedoes:

- Tisiyanitsani mitundu ing'onozing'ono.

Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa chiwonongeko kumapindula mwa kulamulira zida pa njira yonse yopulumukira. Zida zenizeni zodziwika bwino zimangoyang'ana zolingazo ndikukhazikitsa vuto logonjetsa zida zowononga zida zomwe zatsogoleredwa. Ntchito yolimbanayo imathetsedwa mwa kukhazikitsa kupanikizana mwakhama, kuyendetsa njira zovuta, njira yodzitetezera kwambiri ku cholinga, kupanga chigamulo cha gulu.

Zida zatsopano za ku Russia

Ku Soviet Union, kupanga zankhondo kunalengedwa, kukhoza kupanga mtundu uliwonse wa zida ndi zida zankhondo. Kuchokera pakati pa zaka za m'ma 2000, Soviet, ndiyeno asilikali a ku Russia anapatsidwa zida zankhondo ndi zida zankhondo. Dziko lathu ndi mtsogoleri wodziwika popanga zida zankhondo zamakono.

Zida zatsopano za Russia zimaperekedwa ku mayiko ambiri padziko lonse lapansi. S-300 ndi S-400 njira zotetezera mpweya alibe zofanana padziko lapansi, mawotchi a Topol-M ndi Yars anatha nthawi yawo. Akatswiri achilendo anayamba kukambirana za kusintha kwasankhulidwe kamatabwa ka tank atatha kudziwa tank 14 ya "Armata", mfuti ya Kalashnikov yomwe ikuwoneka ngati yodalilika.

Afuti a ku Russia ali ndi chidaliro m'tsogolo. Kodi zida zoopsa ndi ziti, zikuwonetsa zomwe zikuchitika bwino.