Mipikisano zida mulungu Shiva. mbiri Ambuye Shiva

Mu India, komabe amapatsidwa ulemu Shiva. Mulungu ali wa muyaya, kusonyeza chiyambi cha zonse. chipembedzo chake imatengedwa kuti ndi yakale kwambiri mu dziko. Ndiye mfundo wamwamuna ankaona chabe, malo amodzi ndi amuyaya, ndi akazi - ndi yogwira zinthu.

M'nkhani ino ife tione ndi chithunzi cha mulungu winawake wakale. Ambiri anaona fano lake. Koma ndi anthu ochepa chikhalidwe cha azungu kudziwa za moyo wake.

deta mbiri

Ochita kafukufuku amakhulupirira kuti nkhani ya mulungu Shiva akulimba chitukuko Harappan. Ndi chikhalidwe cha Amwenye wakale amene anali m'mayiko a North India. Iwo m'malo ndi Aryans amene anabwera lachitatu Zakachikwi BC m'chigwa Indus Mtsinje. Lero mzinda uli malire chapamwamba ya m'dziko la Pakistan.

Ife tikudziwa Pashupati chisindikizo ndi ena Lingams (za tanthauzo la mawu lino) nyengo. Iwo anali pakati pa amapeza mu Monhedzho-Daro ndi Harappa.

Ndi kubwera kwa Aryans ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa chipembedzo chatsopano. Zimenezi n'zofanana ndi kudzalidwa kwa Chikhristu kwa Amitundu m'zaka AD choyamba. Tsopano pali chithunzi latsopano limene merges Shiva - mulungu Rudra, oopsa ndiponso wankhanza woyang'anira yamkuntho, nkhondo ndi chiwonongeko.

Kodi zoterezi n'zimene iyoyomwe chuma chabwino? Good mafano achikunja, ngati Greek Pan ndi satyrs mizimu yoipa mu kuwala kwatsopano ndi chipembedzo. Aria ankaganiza kuti si ochimwa kupha "kupembedza lingam."

Mu otchedwa Vedas, Shiva amatchulidwa nsanja Veda, Yajur Veda ndi Atharva Veda. Okwana dzina Rudra ali kubwereza oposa mazana asanu.

Komabe, panali mbali ya miyambo yakale imene limodzi ndi otsutsa mavuto Brahmanical. Tanthauzo la moyo anali kulambira milungu onse, ngati inu muli pakuti sanalandire mphoto ngakhale kubadwanso yotsatira? Ndipotu otchedwa Vedas zikunenedwa kuti yekha Brahmins akhoza tidzapulumuke.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ena magulu a kachitidwe watsopano (Shraman) limodzi mwa makhalidwe waukulu mwambo ankaona chigaza anapha Bramini.

Mu Upaniṣad chimodzi (ndemanga pa Veda) ndi ambiri mabuku komanso mwadongosolo zili Shivaism nzeru. lonena tichipeza malemba zana khumi amatchedwa "Svetasvatara".

chithunzi

Monga momwe monga Shiva? Mulungu mu umunthu wake wakale anali mu mawonekedwe a lingam ndi tripundra (zitatu woyera yopingasa mikwingwirima). chizindikiro Izi zikusonyeza ndende atatu kwa moyo wa munthu kapena Huns atatu, apanga dziko la Maya.

Kenako anayamba yosonyeza Shiva atakhala zamaluwa malo kapena kuvina.
Mbali yoyamba iye anali wotumbululuka khungu anali buluu khosi ndi manja zinayi. Mulungu zambiri akukhala mu zamaluwa udindo pa khungu nyalugwe, ndi khungu kuponyedwa pa mapewa a njovu kapena kambuku. Nthawi zonse pamphumi anatsegula maso lachitatu. Kuwonjezera pamenepa, ndi njoka. Iye anasamutsidwa pa phewa lake, atapachikidwa pa khosi kapena mu mawonekedwe a zibangili pa mikono ndi miyendo yake. Shiva ali ndolo awiri osiyana. Mu umodzi khutu Mwamuna ndi mkazi wachiwiri.

Yachiwiri - ndi kuvina Shiva. Nritya-murti (fano) Kodi ndi chiwerengero yosiyanasiyana ya manja kukhala zida kapena mtendere, koma nthawi zonse pansi pa mapazi awo kuvina Mulungu anagonjetsa nyenyezi yaing'ono. Izi chiwanda Apasmar-Purush kuimira dziko zachiphamaso limene tikukhalali.

malingaliro

Ngati milungu ina yambiri ya gulu Hindu, Shiva ali ndi makhalidwe ambiri. Oyendayenda kuzungulira dziko, mudzaona zithunzi zosiyanasiyana za milungu. Pofuna kumvetsa bwino za chikhalidwe cha India, ndi ofunika pang'ono kuyang'ana mu ophiphiritsa ake.

Shiva ali zambiri zida - Adzhagava (makamaka anyezi), Bhindipala (nthungo), Gadi (ndodo), Khadga (lupanga), Khatvanga (kalabu ndi Chigaza), Khetaka (gulu) ndi ena ambiri.

chikhumbo china chofunika kwambiri ndi mikondo ya mano atatu a Ambuye Shiva - Trishul. Umasonyeza magawo atatu a chiphunzitso chimenechi, gunas zitatu, nkhope zitatu nthawi ndi mfundo zina.

Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe mwambo. Chillum (wapadera chitoliro), Shankha (chipolopolo), mudra (udindo manja), Kaumudi (mtsuko wa timadzi tokoma osafa) akuchucha (a mbale mu mawonekedwe a Chigaza), Damara (ng'oma, kufanizira ndi kugwedera woyamba wa chilengedwe chonse, kuyambira chimene chinachitika) akshamala (wapadera mikanda).

Shiva komanso angapo a mphamvu: Agni (moto), Ganga (mtsinje wa kumwamba, iye pacified) ndi Shakti (mphamvu). Ndipo nyama zina: Chinaga (njoka) khungu la njovu ndi kambuku, Nandini (woyera ng'ombe) Krishnamriga (Doe) ndi Ankushev (njovu mtoso).

Choncho, tikuona kuti Shiva ali ndi makhalidwe a m'madera a chidziwitso kuti ukunenedwa kukweza munthu kuuchotsa mu dziko lathu kuti apamwamba.

banja

Indian mulungu Shiva poyamba anakwatira Sati kapena Shakti, mwana wamkazi wa Daksha. Koma pali nthano kuti mtsikana anachita kudziletsa immolation chifukwa cha chakukhosi bambo ake.

Koma iye atatha adzabadwanso mu umunthu watsopano. Tsopano dzina lake ndi Parvati (Mountain Bakuman) ndi bambo ake - HimalayasI mapiri. Nthawi zambiri ankafotokozedwa ngati mkazi wa mulungu Shiva.

Iwo ndi ana awiri - Ganesha (njovu mutu mulungu wa nzeru) ndi scandium (mulungu wa nkhondo, amene ali mitu isanu ndi mikono khumi ndi miyendo), komanso mwana Manasi.

mayina

Mu mwambo kumadzulo kwa Amwenye mulungu Shiva amadziwika yekha ndi dzina limenelo. Komabe, Ahindu kudziwa mawu oposa chikwi, ndi epithet a mulungu.

Ena mwa iwo ndi "zoopsa" ndi "Chokongola," "otchuka" ndipo "Ragamuffin", "Mfumu ya lingam lapansi," "Iye amene amakugwirani imfa," "Ambuye wa zolengedwa" ndi ena ambiri.

Zofunika kwambiri ndi odziwika 108 wa iwo. Iwo kutchulidwa ndi pemphero, ndi pembedzero, tinapangidwa kuyeretsa maganizo, komanso zimathandiza kuti pamalo okwera.

Nchito, miyambo, maphwando

Mipikisano zida mulungu Shiva ndi Mulungu wamkulu mu Saivism. Iye ulemu monga utatu wa zamoyo wa chilengedwe chonse - kubadwa, kukula ndi imfa. Ena amakhulupirira kuti adzawononga dziko loipali pa mapeto a mahayugi kuti pamalo ake inamangidwa ina.

Iye amateteza ochiritsa anapatsa anthu Om mawu ena ndi Chisansikiriti. Komanso, Shiva nthawi zonse limodzi ndi retinue ziwanda ndi mizimu.

Miyambo zikuluzikulu ziwiri kugwirizana ndi mulungu, wotchedwa Panchabrahma mawu ena ndi Rudra sukta. Ikuchitikira ku tchuthi lapadera kwambiri chaka anadzipereka kwa Shiva. Shivaratri chikondwerero pa mapeto a February ndi usiku uli ukwati wa Shiva ndi Parvati.

Kachisi wotchuka

Tauni Baijnath m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chitatu, kachisi wa Ambuye Shiva inamangidwa. Iye anaitana mmodzi mwa maina ake - Vaidyanatha (woyang'anira amachiritsira).

Kamodzi malo awa anali malo opatulika a mulungu, koma amalonda m'deralo anaganiza immortalize mayina awo, akuika nyumba zazikulu. Mayina amalonda - Ahuk ndi PCEA.

Lero, m'tawuni imeneyi kachisi ndi lalikulu alendo kukopa. Inamangidwa miyambo yabwino madipoziti (North Indian mapulani sukulu). nyumbayi wazunguliridwa ndi khoma ndipo ali makomo awiri.

Childs, Mipikisano zida mulungu Shiva m'kachisi kumaonekeranso kokha mu mawonekedwe lingam. Komanso, amaona Swayambhu ( "kudziletsa anayambika"). Omangika pa makoma anatsalira-ziboliboli ndi milungu yambiri, ziwanda ndiponso anthu ena mu gulu Hindu.

Kwa khomo ndi fano la Nandi, ng'ombe woyera. Nyama imeneyi ndi imodzi mwa njira yofala mayendedwe Shiva. Iwo limaimira dharma koyera ndi kudzipereka, kudzipereka ndi mtima.

Today Vaidyanath kachisi amakopeka mamilioni a madola khamu la amwendamnjira ndi alendo.

chizindikiro cha mulungu

Tanena kale nthawi zambiri mawu akuti "lingam". Iwo amagwirizana naye Shiva. Nthawi zambiri Mulungu chabe anatchula mfundo imeneyi. Ndi chiyani icho?

Lingam ndi Chisansikiriti otanthauza "chizindikiro, chizindikiro". Ndi cylindrical ndi chosema zozungulira, osachepera hemispherical pamwamba. Akatswiri ambiri timakonda kuona ngati chizindikiro cha chilili phallus. Ahindu ankakhulupirira lingam umboni njira mulungu.

anasonyeza zambiri palokha, ndipo wophatikizidwa ndi bwalo kapena lalikulu, womwenso kwa "yoni" (kumaliseche, m'mimba). Lero akuti ndi nkhani ziwiri amakezana kutchulidwa kwa umodzi wa mwamuna ndi mkazi. Munthu Hindu anali wamuyaya ndi malo amodzi, ndi yaikazi osakhalitsa, zosintha ndi chuma.

Akatswiri ena kuona zinachitika wa stambha lingam, yapadera nsembe positi. Iye womangidwa ng'ombe ndi wokonzeka kuphedwa.

Pali mwambo wapadera, imene imakhudza kusamba ndi lingam, mawu ena opatulika ndi nsembe nsembe ya zipatso, maluwa, zofukiza, ndi nkhani zina naye.

Ukwati wa Shiva ndi Parvati

Pali nthano, imene mkazi woyamba wa mulungu Shiva Shakti akuphedwa. Ichi ndi chifukwa kukanidwa ndi bambo ake.

Bakuman akunena izi. Kamodzi anabwerera angapo Mulungu ndi asramas wina. Shiva mu nkhalango anagwada wamba. Mkazi kudabwa khalidwe lake. Ndiye Mulungu anafotokoza kuti mulo a Vishnu. Shakti, kuti fufuzani, zimatengera mtundu wa Sita, mkazi wa munthu wamba, ndipo amapita kwa iye. Rama amazindikira mulungu wake.

Kuona njira yatsopano Shakti, Shiva ikutha kuzindikira naye ngati mkazi wake, chifukwa iye anamukumbutsa mayi ake. Mtsikana ali wachisoni ndi iwo kuchita kusagwirizana.

Nthawi imeneyi bambo ake Shakti ayamba kudya, koma kuitana achinyamata chifukwa cha kusagwirizana ndi Shiva. Kenako akuona kuti apite kumeneko ndekha. Koma Daksha akutembenukira kutali ndi iye. Chisoni Shakti limagwira moto ndipo anaphedwa.

Chifukwa chokwiya, Shiva zimatengera thupi lake ndipo akuyamba kuchita kuvina wake chiwonongeko. Ngati sanaletse Vishnu, iye kuwononga chilengedwe.

Pambuyo maliro mulungu ukhala yosangalala ku HimalayasI, ndi Shakti ndi adzabadwanso m'chifanizo cha Parvati, mwana wamkazi wa phiri mulungu. Pomaliza, mtsikana amalowerera kutsimikizira Shiva, ndipo atalowa m'banja.

Mu chi Hindu, holide imeneyi imatchedwa Shivaratri, ndipo umachitika chaka chilichonse.

Mulungu wa milungu

Momwe mwaonera, mwa munthu, tikulankhula za m'nkhani ino, maina ambiri. Pakati pawo ndi Mulungu wa milungu, Mahadeva Shiva. Woyamba awiri mu December 2011, anasankhidwa monga dzina la mndandanda TV. mndandanda ake kuwomberedwa mu India lero.

Chiwembu cha zochititsa zochokera nthano, nthano ndi mfundo za Upanishads. The zochitika zazikulu atengedwa ku Puranas. Komanso, mu script kulemba ntchito zagwiritsidwa ntchito Devdatt Pattanaik kudziwika Indian nthano ndi maphunziro achipembedzo.

mndandanda latembenuzidwira zinenero ya kum'mwera India. Lero, anajambula oposa zana ndi makumi asanu nkhani. Music anawalembera Bavra abale.

«Devon ke Dev ... Mahadev» wodziwika mu Russia. Indian chikhalidwe mafani amakhala mndandanda TV ndi omasulira.

Choncho, lero, tikuuzidwa kuti mmodzi wa milungu wamkulu mu mbiri. makhalidwe anaphunzira, maina ndi mfundo zina zosangalatsa za Shiva.

Zabwino, abwenzi anga! Ulendo kwambiri!