Melena - mankhwala kuti ali? Chizindikiro cha matenda aliwonse ndi melena?

Mu yochizira matenda, pali zambiri mawu osiyana kwambiri ndi mfundo. Kuwadziwa munthu chabe sindingakhoze. M'nkhani yomweyi, ine ndikufuna kulankhula za zimene melena mankhwala.

tanthawuzo

Kuti kumvetsa vuto ayenera kukhala ndi matanthauzo a mfundo zikuluzikulu. Ndipotu, njira yokha yotsimikizira dongosolo la ati m'nkhani anagonjera. Choncho, melena - otchedwa mankhwala dikira chimbudzi chakuda. Izi chopondapo unformed ndi fungo onunkha kwambiri.

Chifukwa wakuda?

Pozindikira kuti melena - mpando wapadera mankhwala, ayenera kunena mawu ochepa za chifukwa adzalandira mtundu. Choncho, kwenikweni kukhala mtundu chopondapo pa nkhani ya magazi chapamimba, kapena pambuyo ingestion wa magazi a anthu (mwachitsanzo, nosebleeds). Black chimbudzi ndi chifukwa sulfide ayironi amene zikadzatha zimene sulfide hydrogen ndi hemoglobin.

Pamene ukhoza kuonekera melena? The zifukwa akhoza mukumwa mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, akhoza adamulowetsa mpweya limatanthauza "bismuth" kapena kukonzekera chitsulo. Mu nkhani iyi, ndowe amakhala mtundu wakuda, koma alibe lacquer mapeto.

Chifukwa 1. ingests magazi

Pozindikira kuti melena - ndi chimbudzi kuchipatala dikira, ayenera kukuuzani zambiri za zifukwa pakuwonekera kwake. Choncho wodwala yekha kumeza magazi awo. Izi zimachitika milandu zotsatirazi:

1. Hemoptysis.
2. Nosebleeds.

2. Internal Chifukwa

Mwachitsanzo, kungathandize kuti yatsoka Vutoli mungathe matenda osiyanasiyana mkati. Kungakhale kukha mwazi chapamimba, amene amapezeka pafupipafupi chifukwa khansa ya mmimba, pachimake kukokoloka, zilonda zilonda, matenda Mallory-weiss, wopangidwa, kawirikawiri - mtima anomalies. Angakhale chifukwa ndi magazi esophageal. Zikatero tilankhula za matenda monga khansa ya kholingo, Reflux esophagitis, esophageal varices. Komanso pali adakali magazi kuchokera duodenum ndi yaing'ono intestine. Awa akhoza kukhala matenda monga zilonda zilonda, fistulas, amapatsira mwana wake.

Chifukwa 3. clotting

Ngati munthu ali ndi magazi matenda, izo zingachitikenso vuto monga melena. Pankhaniyi, madokotala nthawi zambiri kulankhula za thrombocytopenia, haemophilia kapena zotupa osiyanasiyana a m'chiwindi.

Chifukwa 4. Mankhwala

Kuwonjezera pa zimene zimachitika wakuda dikira chopondapo kungachititse mukumwa mankhwala tafotokozazi, ndipo akhale chifukwa cha kukonzekera zotsatirazi:

1. "Aspirin" mankhwala.
2. Mahomoni wothandizira.
3. Anticoagulants.
4. Anti-yotupa mankhwala (sanali steroidal).

zifukwa zina

Pozindikira zimene melena (ichi amatchulidwa mankhwala monga chimbudzi chakuda), izo ayenera kuti chifukwa cha Vutoli zinthu zotsatirazi:

1. Kudya yambiri vinyo wofiira.
2. Uremia, T. E. The matenda pamene munthu poizoni mankhwala a kagayidwe mapuloteni.
3. Chifukwa mukhoza kukhala mavuto osiyanasiyana ndi minofu connective.

Kuphunzira mtima

The njira yaikulu nkhani monga melena - kufufuza wodwalayo excreta. Ngati palibe, koma wodwala amanena kuti dikira chimbudzi akhoza ikuchitika kudzifufuza thumbo. Zikatero adzakhululukidwa kukolola kwa mpanda ndowe rectum ndi zina ankafufuza. Komanso, ngati zizindikiro munthu melena, amene Pankhaniyi zingachitikenso ndi:

1. khungu wotumbululuka.
2. Kukomoka.
3. Kuchepetsa wa milingo hemoglobin m'magazi.
4. Kugwa, T. E. mwadzidzidzi mtima kulephera.
5. Mtundu wapadera wa nembanemba wa mucous.
6. Yafupika mlingo mtima.

Zizindikiro zonsezi zikhoza kukhala pa vuto monga melena, chifukwa cholinga chachikulu pakuwonekera kwake ndi mitundu yonse ya magazi mkati, zomwe zimabweretsa zizindikiro zofanana.

Melena mu akhanda

Vutoli angayambe osati akulu, koma ngakhale nyenyeswa akhanda. Pankhaniyi, akatswiri kusiyanitsa melena woona ndi wabodza.

1. N'zoona. Angagwe ngati mwanayo ali ndi kuwonongedwa kwa njira ya clotting magazi. Pa nthawi yomweyo monga mwana magazi bala umbilical, akhoza akusanza magazi, magazi m'maso ndi pakhungu.
2. Onyenga. Kumachitika ngati mwana pa kudutsa ngalande kubadwa kuwameza magazi akuchikazi. Komanso angayambe chifukwa cha yoyamwitsa ngati mayi woyamwitsa ali ndi magazi nsonga zamabele losweka. Komanso, mwana ingatimeze ndi magazi awo pa nkhani ya Mwachitsanzo, amphuno mucosal magazi kapena kuwonongeka.

Palinso ponena kuti mtengo sayenera kusokonezedwa ndi melena meconium, ndi chopondapo woyamba wa ana akhanda, amenenso ali ndi mtundu wakuda ndi kugwirizana ofanana.

Melena ana okulirapo

Zimachitika chimbudzi dikira Mwinanso ndi ana ali wamkulu. Pankhaniyi adafuna kuti mwanayo ali ndi ena magazi mkati. Chifukwa magazi ambiri amakhala Meckel diverticulum (a mapangidwe kobadwa nako, protrusion makoma ileum). Ngati ife kulankhula za ana, magazi ali zambiri chachikulu, zikubweretsa nyamuka zakuthwa magazi m'thupi. Koma nthawi zambiri, wakuda dikira chimbudzi ana zikadzatha kuvulala mphuno pa masewera. Pankhaniyi, mwana chabe kumeza mwazi wake, imbaenda zikamera wa vutoli.

Ndiyotani pakuchotsa vuto

Ngati munthu melena, chithandizo zizichitidwa yekha kuyang'aniridwa ndi akatswiri. Self-mankhwala mu nkhani iyi, zikhoza kukhala zoopsa kwambiri osati thanzi komanso moyo wa wodwala (chifukwa mpando ichi makamaka kumachitika chifukwa magazi zosiyanasiyana mkati). Ngati vuto ndi wapezeka, muyenera yomweyo itanani ambulansi. Pambuyo pake, madokotala Mosakayikira kutumizidwa ku m'chipatala opaleshoni. Pali ena mayeso mwadzidzidzi endoscopic ndi kuchitidwa:

1. Colonoscopy.
2. Upper endoscopy.

Chifukwa cha kafukufuku gwero la magazi inatchulidwa. Ndiye mphamvu zonse adzatayidwa ku kuchepetsa kutaya mwazi izi. Komabe, isanafike anthu pangozi ayenera kukumbukira kuti pa nthawi iyi koletsedwa chakudya. Ngati inu mwamphamvu mukufuna kumwa, mungathe madzi ozizira okha sips yaing'ono. Chabwino Pankhaniyi pa m'mimba aziika mapaketi ayezi.