Crankshaft oyika cholinga, mitundu, maonekedwe a mayeso ndipo m'malo

injini ndi zovuta Mipikisano limagwirira, wachina chilichonse chimene zipangitsa ntchito malire a dongosolo lonse. Pakali pano, ena mbali yofunika, pamene ena alibe chofunika kwambiri. The crankshaft, komanso onse zinthu zokhudzana ndi izo, ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri injini. Amatipatsa kasinthasintha mawilo mwa kulanda mphamvu moto mafuta. Oyika crankshaft - ndi zinthu zazing'ono mu mawonekedwe a theka-mphete zopangidwa kuuma sing'anga ndi TACHIMATA ndi zitsulo odana ndi mikangano zikuchokera. Pa ntchito yaitali galimoto iwo imvera avale lolemera, nchifukwa chake pali kufunika kugula ndi kukhazikitsa mbali latsopano.

mafotokozedwe

Amaika kuchita crankshaft monga kutsetsereka mayendedwe a kasinthasintha wa crankshaft lapansi. ndondomeko izi zimachitika chifukwa cha mafuta kuyaka m'zipinda za yamphamvu. Yogwira fouling zigawo zikuluzikulu chifukwa cha kumatheka katundu ndi liwilo mode, akhoza kubweretsa galimoto kuchokera ntchito. Pofuna kupewa izi ndi kuchepetsa mlingo wa mikangano, zinthu zonse constituent ndi yaikulu phindu micron okutidwa ndi filimu woonda kwambiri mafuta. nchito imeneyi amagwira ntchito dongosolo injini lubricating, mmene filimu aumbike pa zinthu zizipezeka pamene mkulu mafuta kuthamanga. Lubricant wosanjikiza komanso anaphimba pamwamba pa ziyangoyango kukhudzana ndi chiberekero cha crankshaft lapansi. Choncho popangidwa ndi zayamba yafupika frictional mphamvu.

Mitundu ndi Masayizi

Vaz crankshaft oyika zinthu ngati zinthu zodzitetezera kumatenda ndi kuteteza avale msanga a mbali mating. Malinga malo awo, iwo anawagawa mitundu iwiri: chachikulu ndi kulumikiza ndodo. Otsiriza, monga poyamba anasonyeza, zili kukhosi kutsinde, ndi zakwawoko kwa crankshaft pa nsonga ya kudutsa injini kuyaka mkati ndi kukhala ndi cholinga ofanana. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zipangizo mphamvu kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu chogwirizana mu malo oyamba ayenera kusankhidwa mkati diametrical kukula.

Kukonza zinthu mosiyana ndi mzake, ndipo ndi kusiyana kwambiri poyerekeza ndi zinthu zatsopano, zomwe zili ndi zomera zatsopano galimoto. Magawo osiyanasiyana osachepera kotala ya millimeter ndi, kudzera sitepe ofanana Mabaibulo onse wotsatira.

kusankhidwa

crankshaft The nthawi zonse poyera kuti mavuto mkulu thupi ndi matenthedwe pa ntchito, kulumikiza mayendedwe ndodo kukumbukira nguli, ntchito ya khadi tiyipukuse amathandiza okha zinthu tanena. Limagwirira cha zochita za m'makosi mwa khola mkati likuimira ngati Motero, crankshaft oyika ali kunja. Kondomu kumachitika chifukwa cha wapadera mafuta ndimeyi maukonde imene madzimadzi umayenda pansi kuthamanga. Choncho anapanga kotero koyenera kuti crankshaft thinnest filimu.

Zimayambitsa kulephera

Kandalama kuwonongeka ndi avale pa ntchito - zonsezi ndi zifukwa ambiri chifukwa zobwezeretsa. Ngakhale otaya zonse lubricant ndi galimoto ntchito molondola, mnjira mosalephera. M'kupita kwa nthawi, n'kakang'ono pamwamba pa zikhomo, danga ufulu pakati pawo zikuluzikulu chifukwa crankshaft izi asadzakhale sitiroko, ndi amachepetsa mafuta kuthamanga ndi monga Motero, chakudya chake. Zonsezi zimayambitsa kulephera msanga cha dongosolo lonse la injini.

Scrolling ndi chifukwa chachiwiri kwa kukonza. Anthu ambiri atamva zimenezi kapena kuthana ndi vutoli okha, koma osati eni onse galimoto mukudziwa, nchifukwa chake Zimenezi zimachitika. polumikiza mayendedwe ndodo ndi woonda mbale amene kugona mu bedi lapadera. Pankhaniyi, zolosera ang'onoang'ono anakonza pa akunja padziko lonse la theka mphete, ali kukhudzana ndi gawo pamaso pa chipika monga choncho injini latsopano. Ena zinthu kuchepetsa tinyanga kukana poyerekezera PAD, iwo amakhala kuti crankshaft ndi imazungulira khosi. Imeneyi, injini ntchito ndi ndinayima. Dziwani zifukwa zambiri zachitukuko ake:

• ntchito galimoto amagwirizana ndi muyeso mpaka kalekale katundu;
• lubricant kwambiri madzi dongosolo;
• kubala zipewa ndi otsika kulowelela kwa ena;
• kusowa kwa mafuta, kukhuthala kapena kupezeka kwambiri ndi mankhwala abrasive.

ntchito kuyambirira

Ngati zimaonekeratu kuti popanda kukonza unit mphamvu sangakhoze kuchita, muyenera kudziwa mlingo wa avale wa zinthu zonse zofunika kudziwa kukula kwa oyika crankshaft. ziziyenda kwambiri kuthetsa vutolo mwa kusankha miyeso ya kuyendera zithunzi, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito cholankhulira kwa lolondola kwambiri. Komanso kulabadira kuthekera kosangalatsa. Pa kudziwika zinthu mpukutuwo, iwo ayenera yomweyo m'malo. Isanayambe kukonza zingadziŵike mwa machitidwe a injini, makamaka, izo zambiri khola kapena phokoso enieni crankshaft lapansi. Pamene jamming makosi kayendedwe zina kumakhala kovuta.

Kaya pano, mfundo zonse zimagwirira ayenera mosamala. Kukhosi kungabweretse kuwononga maonekedwe yoweyula ngati, amene N'zosavuta kukhala manja anu, mu nkhani iyi ndikofunikira kugwira wotopetsa ndi kupulumutsa kukonza mbali, kutalika kwa omwe amayenderana ndi malo unsembe. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kuvulala kungafune zambiri tima yosasangalatsa, ndi chifukwa, mbali chofunika, losiyaniranatu ndi kukula m'mbuyomu. Choncho, kulumikiza mayendedwe ndodo ya crankshaft ndi kuthi pambuyo kukhazikitsa njira onse, kotero inu mukhoza kupewa kufunika kubwerera zinthu kuti sitolo.

The aligorivimu unsembe

The njira yofala kuthetsa vuto ndi anthu ambiri akaonekere kwa galimoto wosambitsa. Koma m'malo crankshaft bushings kugula aliyense zinachitikira pang'ono kukonza ndi waika zina zipangizo. Wosalira vuto ayenera kutsatira njira inayake yochitira zinthu.

Choyamba tiyenera kufufuza kusiyana lili pakati pa zapamadzi ndi crankshaft. Yotsimikiza ikuchitika ntchito calibrated waya pulasitiki, amene angapezeke pa khosi chofunika. kapu yaikidwa pamodzi ndi zapamadzi, iwo ali omangika ndi mphamvu zina, phindu lokwanira ndendende 51 NM. Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ndi makokedwe wrench kuyeza. Pambuyo kuchotsa kufunika chivindikiro kusiyana ndi ofanana ndi mlingo wa psinjika wa waya. Mothandizidwa ndi kusiyana mwadzina m'pofunika kuti aone chizindikiro chifukwa amene phindu lililonse mtundu ndi osiyana. Ngati zimaonekeratu kuti kusiyana ndi wamkulu kuposa phindu mwadzina, mwachitsanzo, mlingo wa psinjika, inu simungakhoze kuchita popanda kuika mbali kukonza.

inabala

ndodo onse amachotsedwa pambuyo yotsatana kuyezetsa mipata, komanso anawachotsa ndipo opukutidwa crankshaft. Kugwizana inabala zimatheka ndi zipangizo zina zapadera - tsentrostremitele, omwe kawirikawiri angapezeke mu eni ochiritsira galimoto. Choncho, mufunikira kungapezeke kuti katswiri. Pambuyo akupera, kusankha wapangidwa yoyenera kukula oyika crankshaft. Pali simungakhoze kuchita popanda chida monga micrometer, ndipo wofanana ndi zinthu anasankha. Komanso, mfundo zonse crankshaft ndi kuikidwa kuti n'zosiyana ndi kagwere kapu pa mayendedwe waukulu.

Dziwani ena mwa maonekedwe a n'zosiyana ogwiritsa ndodo ndi bushings. Recent chisanadze afewetsedwa ndi mafuta, ayeneranso omangika zisoti. Poyerekeza ndi ntchito kukonzekera kwa unsembe zimatenga nthawi zochepa. Tisaiwale za ntchito crankshaft, amene amakhala ndi katundu mkulu, komanso za mtengo wake mkulu. M'pofunika kuchita zonse zimene tingathe kuwonjezera nthawi ntchito. Ntchito yaikulu ndi ankaimba apa ndi Ufa ikuchitika pa nthawi yoyenera. Ndondomeko Izi zipangitsa makosi yosalala ndiponso kuwakonzekeretsa ntchito zina.

Zimene muyenera kudziwa

Ngakhale zovuta ndi Mipikisano chigawo za galimoto monga injini, anthu ambiri mosavuta dismantle kwa ntchito. Koma pamene inu kwabasi liners ayenera kusamala makamaka ngati mavuto kwambiri kapena M'malo mwake, osakwanira makokedwe zikhoza kasinthasintha mbali yachiwiri. Popeza chidaliro mwa luso lawo ndi kudziwa zofunika kuthana ndi ogwira oyenerera.

Kodi kusankha

Kaya chifukwa cha galimoto kukonzedwa ndi m'malo oyika, wosangalatsa crankshaft ndi ayenera-onani kopita. Unsembe mbali yatsopano n'chotheka pa limagwirira opukutidwa kapena watsopano. Ngati pali kuwonongeka ndi maenje pa khosi chimodzi chokha, anachita zinthu zonse kukwaniritsa limodzi wamba kukula. mbali Standard amene anaika mu msonkhano conveyor galimoto. Mwachitsanzo, kukonza crankshaft oyika kwa Vaz magalimoto amagulitsidwa Mabaibulo anayi. Kuti n'kotopetsa zikhoza kuchitika mpaka kanayi. Motors kwa makina monga "Muscovite" ndi mpweya ndi zina chachisanu ndi chimodzi kupukuta kwa 1.5 ndi 1.2 mm, motero. Njira adzakhala kusankha kukula chofunika munthu amene ankachita nawo kupukuta. The inabala angachite bwino zinthu, zomwe zayamba kuposa chigamulocho kale. Izo zimatengera kuya rutting pa makosi ndi ndalama zawo. Oyika ali anapereka zogulitsa mu mawonekedwe a zida kwa mitundu onse a makosi.

Features ntchito

M'malo crankshaft oyika amafuna zoletsedwa ndi malamulo otsatirawa:

• ndi tiyipukuse pini ali strainers wapadera, iwo ayenera kuti achotse mu njira ya ntchito;
• zolosera pa mawonekedwe ndi kukonza oyika, ayenera kukhala ndi ufulu kulowa grooves ndi (khama dzanja ayenera kokwanira);
• m'malo imagwiridwa popanda kanthu koyenera;
• ndi zinthu zadziko la anapitiriza kuchotsedwa chisanadze galimoto, pamene unsembe ndodo kuchotsa si zofunikira;
• pa akamaliza chilichonse injini zikuyenera-mu.

Njira m'malo liners Crankshaft

Popanda kuchotsa injini, mukhoza m'malo liners wa crankshaft, chinthu chokha n'kofunika kupenda mavuto ena. Pofuna kumafika wa crankshaft izo ziyenera kukhala pansi pa muyezo wa osachepera 1 cm. Pali kuchita popanda kuchotsa bokosi kapena tithe kumvetsa kumasulira kwake tsankho ndi kayendedwe zosiyana kwa galimoto ndi. Tiyeneranso Achotsa malamba onse. Kukhazikitsa ndi zapamadzi atsopano zambiri zofunika kutsinde kuchepetsa ngakhale m'munsi.

chodetsa oyika

Ngati ndi kotheka, mfundo kusankha magawo muyezo ndi chiyambi cha mpambo mtundu, amene angapezeke pa mbali pansi m'malo. Ngati deta amanena kuti akumanidwa chifukwa kuwonongeka kwambiri, ayenera kuyang'ana kwa kulemba ndodo, kapena m'malo pa mitu yawo m'munsi. Muyeneranso onetsetsani kuti zizindikiro pa kutsinde, iwo amaonetsera magawo anapereka makosi a.