Maofesi Local mankhwala a madzi mkuntho: kufotokoza, kapangidwe ndi mawerengedwe

Chithandizo maofesi a madzi nkuntho ntchito kukonza mafakitale, pamwamba madzi ndi madzi ogwiritsidwa ntchito. Malinga zotchulidwa mu malamulo a boma latsopano la Russia mfundo pamaso akatulutsidwa mu matupi a madzi kapena mvula oyang'anira tauni sewerage zinyalala ndi madzi oipa, m'pofunika kugwira zingapo zapadera. Cholinga chawo chapamwamba - kuonjezera khalidwe la madzi oyera kukhazikitsa zizindikiro.

dera ntchito

chithandizo Local zipangizo kwa stormwater ntchito zomera mafakitale, m'malo osiyanasiyana mafakitale, maofesi mafuta, malo ndi zina zotero. P., M'madera mu malo ndi malo omwe anthu amakhalako. Komanso, machitidwe oterewa ndi ntchito, ndi pa misewu ikukoka madzi kuchokera pamalo awo. Malinga mtundu wa kuipitsidwa wa madzi ogwiritsidwa ntchito, khalidwe lawo kukonza amafuna osiyana. Mlingo chachikulu cha kuipitsidwa kwa madzi ogwiritsidwa ntchito ankaona mafuta ndi zolimba zosiyanasiyana inaimitsidwa.

Palibe amakayikira kuti mankhwala maofesi a madzi mkuntho kwambiri. Zimenezi zikugwira makamaka m'madera zitsime ili, kuyambira kachitidwe osati mu njira yapadera kuchitira madzi kuti akhale otetezedwa kwa chilengedwe, komanso kukonzekera kwa zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito.

Kusankha m'magulu otere anatsimikiza ndi zinthu zingapo:

• Payipi akuya yatsoka;
• ndende m'madzi Mankhwala oipitsa aliyense kulowa dongosolo yokha;
• mphamvu zomera zimbudzi chithandizo;
• chinaneneratu ungwiro umene umagwirizana ndi kumaliseche a madzi otero sewers oyang'anira tauni kapena wina aliyense madzi.

Mitundu ndi makulidwe a kachitidwe

Conventionally, maofesi mankhwala a madzi mkuntho zikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri:

• Chatsekedwa kachitidwe. Izi zikutanthauza kuti madzi mwa mapaipi ndi msampha amapita mwachindunji ku Street polowera kudzapereka kupyolera mu mipope kumalo kumene kulibe kumaliseche kapena yosungirako.
• Open kachitidwe. Pankhaniyi, madzi umayenda pansi ndipo amasonkhana padziko njira ndi ufa danga kuti achotse.

madongosolo otero mankhwala zipangizo zambiri opangidwa mu mawonekedwe a zotengera yopingasa ntchito zosiyanasiyana monga simenti, fiberglass, otsika kachulukidwe polyethylene kapena zitsulo. Pankhani kukula awo, ali mwachindunji amadalira m'dera limene madzi ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chochitika, komanso nyengo ya chigawo chomwe mufuna, malo a kumaliseche kwa madzi ankachitira ndi mtundu wa chinthu.

Kawirikawiri anapereka kuphatikiza benzoulovitelya ndi mchenga misampha. kukula awo akhoza kukhala osiyana kwambiri, ndi omasuka unsembe ndi yobereka nthawi zambiri anaika mu phukusi limodzi. Ngati kumaliseche a effluent amapezeka mu madzi lotseguka, Kuwonjezera peskonefteuloviteley zina ntchito ngakhale pambuyo mankhwala a midadada malasha, mwachitsanzo. E. Sorption Zosefera.

KA pasipoti awo

chithandizo yodziyimira payokha maofesi a madzi mkuntho kuthamanga mu unsembe wapadera - peskonefteulovitelya. Kudzera ntchito mu muli izi manholes anapanga yokonza awo. Adapyola okonza yodziyimira payokha, pamwamba madzi kuchotsa mankhwala mafuta ndi zosafunika zosiyanasiyana. Woyamba wa mitundu pamwambapa cha kuwonongeka ndi conglomerates pellet, film, emulsion pulayimale ndi sekondale, ndipo chachiwiri - particles trudnoosazhdaemye, matope ndi mchenga ndi osalimba a zoposa 1500 makilogalamu / m, komanso zinyalala kuti amayandama padziko.

Tikumbukenso kuti fakitare ka katundu nthawi zonse pasipoti kumalo mankhwala a bere mkuntho, kugwilizana ndi zikalata ukhondo-AIDS mapeto. Komanso, Mlengi ayenera kupereka chitsimikizo chisindikizo nyumba. Kawirikawiri ndi zaka 10.

peskonefteulovitel Kodi ndi mmene ntchito

Izi zili yamphamvu, iwo nthawi zambiri zopangidwa otsika kachulukidwe polyethylene. Ichi chimapereka si amphamvu kwambiri, kukana kuti zinthu chowawa kunja ndi luso mosavuta kusamutsa zotsatira za atolankhani osiyanasiyana zikuwononga.

peskonefteulovitelya ntchito tichipeza madigiri asanu a kuyeretsedwa madzi ogwiritsidwa ntchito:

1. Iwo bere bwino. Pa nthawi imeneyi, kukana yaikulu particles lalikulu lomwe adzagwa ndi yokoka pansi.
2. Woonda-filimu gawo. Amalekanitsa zolimba inaimitsidwa, komanso conglomerates mafuta woterowu ndi amayandama pamwamba pa choyambirira m'malovu emulsion merging ndikutuluka pa mbale hydrophobic.
3. Sorption fyuluta. cholinga chake - particles adani katundu mafuta sanali m'gulu mbale hydrophobic, yomwe ili pa gawo woonda-filimu. Sorption fiberfill, limene lili mu sefa nyumba ili mkulu-mphamvu ndipo ali selectivity kwambiri kuti katundu, sing'anga ndi kuwala mafuta.
4. Coalescing unit. Imalimbikitsa kulekana kwa particles mafuta tiwolokere pamwamba amakhala akuluakulu kuposa 0.2 mm.
5. Mpweya fyuluta aftertreatment. Nlodzala ndi sorbent wapadera kusankha mankhwala onse mafuta.

Projecting

Monga amadziwika, mwa ogwira ntchito ndi kuima-yekha mafuta zonse ndi kudzikundikira Madzi a mvula ndi meltwater, amene mukufuna kusonyeza ndipo bwererani kunja pansi kapena mu thupi la madzi.
Kudziwa chithandizo maofesi zifunika, muyenera kudziwa mfundo zotsatirazi:

• pachilichonse ndi buku la madzi ogwiritsidwa ntchito;
• zikuchokera zosafunika ndi madzi;
• magawo a pansi ndi dziko.

Kulengedwa kwa maofesi mankhwala malo kupanga madzi mkuntho amafuna, choyamba, kudziwa zomwe gulu chinthu. Pali mwapadera gulu NII VODGEO, nagawira iwo m'magulu awiri. Choyamba ndi pamwamba ndi ogwira ntchito, kuthamanga-kuchokera amene ali ofanana mu zikuchokera ku madera madzi zogona. Zimenezi zikutanthauza kuti muli poizoni ndi zina zenizeni.

Gulu lachiwiri zikuphatikizapo madera a mabizinezi, kumene pamwamba paulimi ndi ofanana zosafunika zoipa kumachitika. Ndiye kusankha mtundu wa ambiri a chiwembu luso, ndipo pamapeto kupanga anapezazo ndi kudziwa maofesi chithandizo choyenera cha mkuntho bere.

kuwerengetsera kofunika

Asayansi ikhoza kusintha kutengera kusankha Chalk. Pamene ntchito otaya popanda dera averager, zomangamanga ndi osankhidwa ndi kudziwa otaya stormwater. Muyenera kudziwa makhalidwe zowerengera mvula mu m'mudzi wina, ndi snip kutithandiza kuona madzi pamwamba. Pamene mawerengedwe stormwater mankhwala zomera ndi wokonzeka potsiriza anasankha yoyenera dongosolo chitsanzo.

zokolola

Tikumbukenso kuti mphamvu ya maofesi n'kofunika kwambiri, monga Popanda kuchitapo kanthu thawed ndipo namondwe madzi ikhoza kukhala yoopsa kwambiri kaya ndi nyumba, komanso dera lonse la kumalo a ntchito. Zovulaza mankhwala Mankhwala oipitsa ali madzi zinyalala ingawononge phula, zimene ana amakumana ndi chiwonongeko cha maziko ndi subterranean aya zomangamanga. Chinyezi amasonkhana pa mbali structural, izo kumathandiza kuti maonekedwe a bowa, amene nawonso zingachititse iwo mpaka kalekale zoipa. Choncho, dzuwa ndi ntchito maofesi a mankhwala a madzi nkuntho kwambiri, osati chifukwa chakuti chofunika ndi akuluakulu a chilengedwe, komanso mokulira, pa zifukwa zopindulitsa.

ogwiritsa kachitidwe

Pali njira zina malinga ndi zimene khazikitsa zomera zimbudzi chithandizo. Choyamba, mothandizidwa ndi luso kapena pamanja kukumba ngalande angapo ndipo maenje chofunika kukula. Nthawi zina, ngati n'koyenera, pansi awo concreted. Kenako, onse chithandizo unsembe zokolola zigawo zikuluzikulu pa preformed moyenera ikani kenako zinthu kapangidwe ndi insulated ndi kumatira. Gawo lotsiriza la ntchito tichipeza mu backfilling nthaka.

Dziwani kuti kupangidwa bwino zomera chithandizo madzi ogwiritsidwa ntchito mwachuluka amadalira kulondola kwa ankachititsa nkhani zofunika, zofufuza ndi anapezazo, chifukwa ngakhale zolakwa zazing'ono zimathandiza osefukira malo ndi kuwononga ambiri a dongosolo kuyeretsa.