Maginito kupatsidwa ulemu

Tikudziwa kuti panopa-yonyamula katundu wochititsa anaika m'munda maginito, pansi pa mphamvu. malangizo umadalira pa malangizo a mizere m'munda ndi malangizo a pano: ngati yotsirizira amadziwika malangizo a mphamvu zingadziŵike pogwiritsa ntchito Kumanzere ulamuliro kapena wononga bwino.

Tiyeni tsopano tione zimene amasankha mtengo wa mphamvu. Ponena zinachitikira.

Kuyimitsidwa wa phewa kumanzere kwa rocker ndalezo mamba liniya wochititsa AB ndi kuziyika izo pa mizati N ndi S wa electromagnet kuti ndi perpendicular ndi kulemekeza mizere maginito. Mogwirizana ndi bukuli kudzaphatikizapo ammeter ndi rheostat, mungathe kuyeza ziliri pa wochititsa izi. Kukwaniritsa mamba, ndipo dera ndi chatsekedwa. Tiyeni pano mu wochititsa AB wotumidwa kuchokera B kuti A. zolemera The bwino kuthyoledwa; kubwezeretsa, pa chikho bwino adzayenera kuyika raznovesok owonjezera miyeso yawo ndi wofanana mphamvu amagwiritsa ntchito pa waya molunjikitsa downwards. Ife chidzasintha panopa tsopano wochititsa wathu; Tikuona kuti ukuwonjezeka panopa ndi kuwonjezereka ndi mphamvu zochititsa pa galimoto. Kusintha udzatithandiza kuti mphamvu zimene ya maginito amachita pa wochititsa ndi mwachindunji njila kwa panopa likuyenderera mu izo.

Izo zimatengera ngati mphamvu ya kutalika kwa wochititsa AB? Kuthetsa nkhaniyi, ife azitenga mawaya a amayesetsa yosiyana pano chomwecho. Miyezo tiwonetseni ife kuti mphamvu zimene maginito amakhudza panopa-yonyamula katundu wochititsa, adzakhala mwachindunji njila kwa kutalika wochititsa ili m'munda maginito.

Tiyeni F - mphamvu, amene amachita pa panopa kumangopitirizabe wochititsa anaikidwa maginito, L - kutalika kwa wochititsa ndipo ine - panopa m'menemo.

Ndi kusintha kutalika L kondakitala ndi ziliri pa izo zikusintha, monga taonera, ndi ukulu wa mphamvu F.

Chiŵerengero cha gulu F ndi kutalika kwa wochititsa panopa ine ndi ndi ufulu wodzilamulira zonse panopa m'menemo; Choncho, chiŵerengero uyu akhoza zimaonetsa mphamvu ya maginito.

kuchuluka akutchedwa maginito kupatsidwa ulemu kapena maginito kupatsidwa ulemu.

Potanthauza maginito kupatsidwa ulemu kalata B. Ndi tanthauzo, munthu akhoza kulemba:

B = F / (I · l).

The SI unit wa dongosolo maginito kupatsidwa ulemu amachita munda kupatsidwa ulemu umene kondakitala ndi panopa 1 A ndi 1 mita yaitali pansi ndi mphamvu kwambiri Dzina N. 1 wagawo: 1 Newton / (amper˖metr) (chidule kwa 1 H / (ndili)) .

Ife amati H 1 / (ndili) = 1 (V˖sek) / m²:

1 H / (ndili) = 1 (NM) / (A˖m²) = 1 J / (A˖m²) = 1 (V˖A˖sek) / (A˖m²) = 1 (V s) / m².

Unit 1 Volt wachiwiri otchedwa Weber (WB). Choncho, 1 WB / m² kapena 1 tesla (T) - gulu la kupatsidwa ulemu maginito. Koma mu dongosolo la muyeso emu unit wa kupatsidwa ulemu maginito - gauss (G):

1 T = 10⁴ gauss.

Maginito kupatsidwa ulemu - vekitala kuchuluka. Malangizo a vekitala kupatsidwa ulemu pa mfundo imeneyi limagwirizana ndi malangizo a mphamvu mizere maginito kudutsa mfundo imeneyi.

The SI maginito kamwazi kachulukidwe - maginito mphamvu khalidwe, zofanana ndi mmene munda magetsi chimaonetsa mphamvu khalidwe la m'munda magetsi.

Kudziwa kupatsidwa ulemu maginito, n'zotheka kuwerengera mphamvu pa panopa-yonyamula katundu wochititsa malinga ndi njira:

F = zina kuti adzipeza L.

Mu panopa-yonyamula katundu wochititsa milandu osati kusuntha mosintha mu madera osiyana, komanso m'njira zina. Aliyense mlandu zimakhudza mphamvu maginito kuti imafalikira kwa wochititsayo. Uwerenge mphamvu zonse kuchokera zoyenda wachisokonezo ndi ziro, ndi Uwerenge mphamvu analamula gulu lotchedwa mphamvu Ampere.

Ambiri, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu amene amachita pa panopa-yonyamula katundu wochititsa anaikidwa maginito anatsimikiza ndi lamulo Ampere:

F = zina kuti adzipeza L tchimo α, mmene α - ngodya pakati pa malangizo zikusinthira (I) ndi vekitala maginito (B).

maginito kupatsidwa ulemu ndi numerically wofanana mphamvu izi zimakhudza maginito pa wagawo mchitidwe panopa oyenerera perpendicular kwa vekitala wa kupatsidwa ulemu. Maginito kupatsidwa ulemu zochokera katundu TV.