Maganizo transistor - zazikulu wagawo kwa amplifying chizindikiro magetsi

Mu chitukuko cha magetsi zoweta ndi mayiko zamagetsi unachita ngati michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi zamakono ofunika monga transistor ochititsa kuti.

Maganizo transistor - chipangizo, ndi mu kapangidwe kake awiri inakula pn ziwirizi, maziko zipangizo michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi. Mtundu wa transistor ali malo atatu. Amplifying makhalidwe lomwe lili transistor ochititsa kuti, anafotokoza pamaziko a chidziwitso cha Polemeretsedwa ndi zatha othandiza magazi kuundana milandu michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi (unachitikira jekeseni ndi njira m'zigawo, motero), komanso m'malamulo a magetsi.

Lero pali mitundu iwiri waukulu transistors ochititsa kuti, amene allocated malinga ndi mmene pali kusinthana kwa zigawo za mtundu wosiyana madutsidwe wa michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi ntchito chitsanzo: mtundu npn ndi pnp. Ubwino wa mtundu wina pa sangathe kuwasiyanitsa chifukwa kusiyana pakati pa mitundu ya transistors ndi zokhazo zimene polarity wa mphamvu anthu wamba chikugwirizana limodzi kapena chipangizo china osachiritsika.

Transistor - ochititsa kuti chipangizo wopangidwa mwa zinthu zitatu: wokhometsa, m'munsi ndi emitter. Aliyense wa zinthu chikugwirizana, monga ulamuliro, wina osachiritsika.

transistors Maganizo nthawi zambiri wachinsinsi ndi mphamvu madyaidya ndikuledzera, achoka wokhometsa lapansi. Ndi chizindikiro ichi zipangizo anawagawa transistors otsika mphamvu (za 0,3 W), sing'anga (0,3 kwa theka Watt) ndi mkulu (1.5 Watts). Wina mfundo ya gulu la transistors - ya ntchito pafupipafupi osiyanasiyana. Mu makina onga kulekana mfundo zimatulutsa zipangizo otsika pafupipafupi (zisanu MHz), pafupipafupi sing'anga (5 MHz 35 MHz), HF (kwa 35 MHz kwa 350 MHz) ndi mayikirowevu (pa 350MHz) transistors.

Aliyense transistor ochititsa kuti afika kulemba malinga ndi mfundo applicable dziko. Monga ulamuliro, akuti wapangidwa a zilembo zisanu kapena zisanu ndi ziwiri (manambala kapena zilembo). Kulemba ayenera kusonyeza mtundu wa chuma, mtundu chipangizo palokha, ndipo makhalidwe pafupipafupi chipangizo mphamvu. Komanso, olemba angathe kudziwa mtundu ndi chiwerengero siriyo chitukuko mankhwala a. Choncho, zoti transistor wa - chipangizo pasipoti, zimene zimasonyeza makhalidwe onse ofunika chipangizo.

Pali zinthu zinayi zofunika modes wa ntchito kwa transistor ochititsa kuti:

• ndi mode yogwira zimene ndimeyi ndi kutsegulidwa ndi kutsekedwa pa emitter ndi ndimeyi wokhometsa;
• kudula wolemera, imene onse kusintha kwa (ndi emitter ndi wokhometsa) atsekedwa ndipo palibe panopa wadutsa mu njira kutsogolo;
• machulukitsidwe - akafuna zosiyana cutoff limene kusintha kwa wokhometsa poyera ndi emitter;
• inversion (kukalowa mode) - gawo pamene wokhometsa mphambano lidzatsegulidwa ndipo emitter ndi osamukira kwina (osati chikutumiza "mwachindunji" panopa).

Malinga pa omwe maelekitirodi ndi (malo) wa transistor pokhala wamba kwa cascades wa amveke ndi athandizira ndi linanena bungwe panopa pali zitatu zipangizo m'gulu dera la: a transistor ochititsa kuti ndi ofanana emitter, wokhometsa kapena m'munsi. Malinga zotani kusintha zipangizo ntchito mu gawo makamaka, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito ubwino zosiyanasiyana transistor lapansi.

Pomaliza, tikuona kuti masiku ano transistors ochititsa kuti ankagwiritsa ntchito zamagetsi ndipo zamagetsi analogi. zipangizozi ntchito zosiyanasiyana magawo amveke popanda izo sizikanakhala zotheka kuti alenge ntchito mkuzamawu - chipangizo kuti amaloledwa kulenga kusintha kwa analogi kwa digito circuitry. Choncho, transistor ochititsa kuti akhoza chimodzi chofunika kwambiri zipangizo michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi, chitukuko maziko a zamagetsi zamakono.