Hayidiroliki atolankhani - kuchokera lingaliro kwa mphamvu matani 1,000

Makina hayidiroliki ukugwira kuyamika khalidwe yofunika kwambiri madzi wamba. Iwo bwino kwambiri wothinikizidwa, pamene izo aikidwa mu chotengera ndi chatsekedwa pakhoma, kuti ochitachita pa iwo mu njira zonse kuthamanga chomwecho. Koma ngati chotengera wodzazidwa ndi madzi, ndi okonzeka ndi pistons ziwiri, pa dzanja limodzi - yaing'ono, pa zina - lalikulu, ndiye kuwonekera pa ang'onoang'ono ndi mphamvu, n'zosavuta Finyani kapena sankhani wachiwiri. The kwambiri kusiyana kwa madera awo, zazikulu amadza mphamvu ukuwonjezeka. Amenewa ndi opareshoni hayidiroliki makina zonse padziko lapansi.

Kupezeka kwa ubale izi ndi za Pascal, koma palibe amene tingalandire pa moyo wake. Pambuyo pa imfa yake, ndemanga pa kuthamanga hydrostatic anatulutsidwa, ndipo Kuchokera m'menemo anatsatira kuti pisitoni ang'onoang'ono chotengera chatsekedwa ndi madzi olamulidwa ndi khama la munthu wina akhoza moyenera pisitoni ndi zochuluka zazikulu, ngati akanikizire anthu mahandiredi. Ndinkamufuna mfundo zambiri, koma kulenga atolankhani hayidiroliki kwa nthawi yaitali palibe munthu akanakhoza.

Zana limodzi Zaka woyamba anavutika ndi yankho la vuto ili, koma m'mikhalidwe ayi, palibe mmodzi akanakhoza kutenga kukhulupirika mtheradi a dongosolo madzi, chifukwa mwamsanga pamene kuthamanga mu izo kumawonjezera, madzi akuyamba kutayikira ndi voteji kulimbikitsa oyamba kuthamanga anatayika. Koma kumapeto kwa zaka za zana XVIII, Henry Chitsanzo anatulukira kusindikiza wosanjikiza kwa pistons lapansi. Kuyambira pamenepo ndi lero amaona kuti kukhala woona, kuti popanda Kutulukira wake akhoza kukhala kuti tsopano, palibe wina, ndipo sanalenge ndi atolankhani hayidiroliki. choncho pomwepo adatuluka impasse, ndipo anayamba.

Pasanathe zaka seveni wa atolankhani hayidiroliki ndi manja ake anapanga England Brahma. Ichi chinali chitsanzo choyamba zipangizo zambirimbiri zazikulu ndi zazing'ono pakati pawo popereka Jack aliyense zitsulo, ndi atolankhani kuti atangomva zitsulo zofewa.

Komabe, makina hayidiroliki mphamvu yaikulu chitsulo ndi anaonekera okha cha m'ma XIX. Izi zinali nthawi ya lalikulu kukula kulipira akusowekapo, choncho anatenga nyundo wamphamvu. Development wa luso lopanga lakusonkhezerani chitukuko mofulumira, kumayambiriro umisiri ndi mafakitale ambiri atayamba kale ntchito mitundu, phokoso kwambiri nthunzi nyundo, masekeli matani zana ndi makumi awiri.

Mlembi wa choyamba hayidiroliki kulipira atolankhani anali D. Gazvel - mutu wa Vienna zokambirana masitolo njanji yomwe inali mkati mwa malire mzinda, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo nthunzi chifukwa zitsulo kupanga anthu mantha. D. pamene Gazvel anaganiza kukhazikitsa nyundo mmalo mwa atolankhani hayidiroliki ndi mphamvu matani mazana asanu ndi ntchito kuti zipange mbali sitima.

Patapita zaka ziwiri, chidali chifuniro chake zinakambidwa pa chionetsero mu London, umene linapereka kwa chilengedwe cha pistons ngakhale amphamvu kwambiri padziko lonse. Iye anakhala kwambiri atolankhani Whitworth - wophunzira G. chitsanzo kuti adzakhala kuthetseratu mankhwala mwachindunji ku mipiringidzo yachitsulo. M'malo nyundo atolankhani hayidiroliki, iye wapanga kwambiri kuchepetsa ndalama yopanga, ndipo kuchita zimenezi zinachititsa kuti wamakono ambiri zomera makina zomanga, pamene nthunzi nyundo anayamba kuthamangitsa ndi kutibwezera ndi hydraulics. Pofika kumayambiriro kwa zaka XX mphamvu makina hayidiroliki afika zikwi matani.