Mafungulo kugwirizana. Kagawo kugwirizana - GOST. Tolerances keyways mankhwala

Mafungulo kugwirizana - mtundu wa view docking magawo awiri gasketed. Nkofunika. Pankhaniyi, zinthu chikugwirizana ndi mchitidwe wothandiza - kiyi.

dera ntchito

onse wokongola yosavuta pankhaniyi. Zona mafungulo kugwirizana kwa jointing kutsinde ndi likulu. Ndicho, kuwaletsa co-onsewo pa kufala makokedwe. Komanso, mankhwala amenewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ngakhale ambiri, kuteteza amasinthira mbali ndege. Kodi motere tikambirana yekha yoyamba.

mitundu

kugwirizana chinsinsi m'magulu angapo:

1. Malinga ndi digiri ya kuyenda. Ili ndi khalidwe zofunika. Pa nkhani imeneyi, amadziŵika:

• Kugwirizana makina. Pankhaniyi, ndi kutsetsereka kalozera kapena spigot.
• Komabe amakulitsa.

2. Mu gulu lachiwiri imatengedwa mphamvu amene amachita molumikizana. Pali mitundu iwiri:

• Pano. Mu mphamvu mogwirizana ndi kwaiye pa msonkhano. Lilili mosiyana wakewo lapansi.
• Unstressed. Mu mphamvu mogwirizana ndi kwaiye yekha ngati wakewo lapansi.

3. mankhwala anasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wa dowels ntchito. akuti:

• Prismatic.
• Gawo.
• Cylindrical.
• Mphero.
• Tangential.

Komanso zimaonetsa mtundu uliwonse wa kiyi payokha. Koma poyamba, izo ziyenera kuti mbali izi makamaka anapanga apamwamba, cholimba Zitsulo Yapakatikati: 45, 50, 55. Uwu ndi umboni woona. Pofuna kuonjezera mphamvu ya dowels ndi, Mipiringidzo kupanga zawo zambiri pansi chithandizo matenthedwe. Bwino khalidwe lawo.

kufanana kiyi

Mbali imeneyi ndi a mitundu itatu. Kuti lagawidwa Wamuongola, zanyumba ndi avundulidwe. Chifukwa chakuti keyways kufanana kovuta m'malo mzake chifukwa anatengera munthu, iwo ntchito yopanga zikuluzikulu. Izi drawback yaikulu. sangathe wina mu nkhani iyi ndi luso gubuduzani pa avale.

woodruff kiyi

Mtundu alibe kuipa monga woyamba. Choncho ndi zovuta kutsatira ulimi. Koma iwo sangathe kuti akhale chimagwiritsidwa ntchito - ndi lalikulu mtanda chigawo m'dzenjewo. Sikutheka kukhazikitsa pa gawo wopindidwa wa kutsinde yodzaza.

cylindrical kiyi

Izi ndi mitundu ina yofunika. Iwo ntchito makamaka pa malekezero a m'dzenjewo. ntchito zawo amafuna kuti zipangizo amaphatikizidwa ndi osiyana mu kachulukidwe ndi kuuma. Zimenezi zimathandiza kuti ntchito yambiri ya mtundu wa makiyi kupanga zikuluzikulu.

tangential kiyi

mbali iyi imakhala ndi mbali ziwiri. Mtundu uwu wa mphero prismatic amene ali amakona anayi mtanda chigawo. Kukhazikitsa tangential awiriawiri ofunika pa makona a madigiri 120-180. The ntchito ziwalo izi ndi zinthu zawo amagwira ntchito psinjika ndi kunonso pali Njira yabwino ndi poyambira lolingana ndi ndende lolingana ya mavuto. The downside a wofunika, mukhoza kuona chipangizo zovuta. Ikani zigawo izi mu makina lolemera.

mphero kiyi

Amatero opatsirana ntchito mphamvu frictional.

Pluses mbali anati:

- kugwirizana ndi mafungulo Pankhaniyi chingathe kupirira yaing'ono ofananira katundu.

- Panali ntchito yabwino mchikakamizo cha katundu variable.

- Sikuti ntchito mbali zina adzakangamira ndi kayendedwe ofananira wa aang'ono okwana lapansi.

Zakunja ya mafungulo ali motere:

- Kuvuta kwa disassembly pa kukonza.

- Wamphamvu kuchepetsa kuchokera pakati pa likulu wachibale kutsinde olamulira. Iyi ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri.

- pamaso pa kutalika lalifupi n'zotheka zida yokulirapo skew ndi runout si lilibe gawo limene chili (pulley, zida).

Tolerances keyways mankhwala

tanthauzo Izi nemaloznachimym. Kuonetsetsa khalidwe la tolerances Kwalamulidwa keyways mankhwala. Nkofunika kudziwa. Imalongosola mafungulo GOST 2.308-79 "dongosolo Wonse wa zolembedwa mwaluso kwambiri. Onani mu zojambula mitundu ya tolerances ndi pamalo ". Izi limafanana ndi zopelekedwa m'munsi.

Magawo n'zosangalatsa kumva anapereka malo tolerances ndi pankhani ya kugonana ndi izi: T (Miyambo) = 0.6 T (br); T (sim0) = 4.0 T (w).

Kodi mayina amenewa ndi monga:

- T (br) - kulolerana ndi mafungulo kagawo m'lifupi b.

- C (nthunzi) - anati chizindikiro kufanana.

- T (SIM) - chosokonekera kulolerana mtengo wa mtengo awiri.

Magawo masamu deta kwambiri kwa matanthauzo muyezo. Kutsogoleredwa zimenezi GOST 24643.

Chodzala mankhwala keyways

Kulondola wokhudzana mbali zinaperekedwa ndi posankha njirayi. Nkofunika kuganizira. Tolerances chimatanthauza mitundu itatu ya mankhwala kapena landings. Iwo amatsatila malamulo. Chotsatira, kuyang'ana pa mtundu uliwonse wa mwatsatanetsatane.

ufulu pawiri

ndegeyo ili ntchito pa mavuto ndi chimodzimodzi misonkhano katundu. Ntchito kugwirizana mafoni anapereka kuwala ntchito ntchito.

kugwirizana yachibadwa

Yodziwika monga kusokonezedwa zoyenera, sikutanthauza chokhudza pafupipafupi. Good kumanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana.

mphambano zolimba

Iwo anatsimikiza Mwina kulandira pafupifupi zofanana interferences zazing'ono mu dowel ziwalo jointing ndi zigawo ziwiri (mipata awo). Msonkhanowu ntchito ochepa katundu iwowo.

Khama la mankhwala awa

Monga tanenera kale pamwambapa, lilime kwenikweni anapanga steels apamwamba ndi mphamvu ya sing'anga (55, 50, 45). Kuonjezera mphamvu ya gawo akusowekapo kwa iwo kawirikawiri pansi kutenthetsa mankhwala, amene bwino khalidwe lawo.

Polemba kugwirizana ndi mafungulo, zomwe Pre-kukafola, kutalika ndi m'lifupi mbali ya ntchito mfundo GOST 2336-7, kutenga nkhani m'mimba mwake wa m'dzenjewo. Pankhaniyi, palibe zovuta. M'litali lilime kutenga malingana likulu la. Yerekezerani zimenezi ndi malamulo muyezo zogwirizana. Masankhidwe a ena magawo kiyi kufufuzidwa kutsatira mawerengedwe zofunika kiyi kugwirizana mphamvu. Mu kuwerengetsa izi palibe lalikulu zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mmene mphamvu mu nkhani iyi ndi mfundo izi:

σsm = F1 / ACM ≤ [σsm].

Apa, F1 - chizindikiro circumferential mphamvu ndi pulley (H). AFM ndi malo kukameta ubweya (mm²). Khalidwe limeneli anatsimikiza ndi chilinganizo zotsatirazi: (0,94h-T1) LP.

Pankhaniyi, LP = L-mu kwambiri ndi kutalika ntchito ndi malekezero anamaliza. chizindikiro ichi amayezedwa millimeters. L - ndi mafungulo utali wonse.

Makhalidwe, H, T1 ndi masaizi osiyanasiyana malinga ndi GOST 23360 - 78.

[Σsm] - atakhala chovomerezeka voteji kugwa pa (N / mm²). Pamene ntchito chitsulo zida [σsm] ndi analandira mu uthunthu ena 55 ... 95 N / mm².

Ntchito kutalika yaikulu masamu motere:

LP = 32 - 6 = 26 mm.

Khama la onongani Malo:

ACM = (0.94 · 6 - 3.5) · 26 = 55,64 mm².

Mtengo wa F1 kuvomereza miyezo analandira. Pankhaniyi, F1 = 1200 H.

Chifukwa, ndi mawerengedwe a voteji oveteredwa adzakhala:

σsm = 1200 / 55,64 = 21,56 N / mm².

Zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti chikhalidwe cha mphamvu:

σsm = 21,56> [σsm] (55 ... 95 N / mm²).

Ubwino kugwirizana kiyi

Apa Timaona izi:

• Kupanga odalirika ndi cholimba.
• Ndi wosavuta kusonkhanitsa disassemble.
• Low mtengo.
• Ndi wosavuta popanga.

zolakwa

Pa nkhani imeneyi, ndazindikira zotsatirazi:

• Keyway wofooka gawo la kutsinde ndi likulu la.
• Mu mankhwala ambiri misalignment. Ndiko kuti, kusamutsidwa wachibale wa olamulira likulu kutsinde ndi theka diametrical chilolezo.
• Ngodya keyway mkulu voteji mlingo.