Lymphoma ndi chiyani? Zizindikiro, chithandizo, kufotokozera, magawo

lymphoma ndi chiyani? Mtundu uwu wa khansa magazi. Mwatsoka, kuchuluka kwa matenda oncological tsopano achuluka kwambiri. Kodi chifukwa cha izi, izo silidziŵika. Kwa zaka zingapo, asayansi padziko lonse akugwira ntchito ku kuyambitsa mankhwala a khansa. Komabe, kwathunthu kugonjetsa matenda zimapezeka kokha mwa ochepa odwala.

Koma kafukufuku alibe kuima. Koyambirira kwa matenda a "lymphoma" Mapa, woperekedwa ndi madokotala, anali wopanda chisangalalo. odwala moyo osaposa zaka 1-3, malinga ndi munthu chamoyo. Tsopano mwayi wa kupulumuka ochuluka kwambiri, odwala ambiri zokwanira yaitali chikhululukiro (pafupifupi zaka 10).

Lymphoma (zomwe ndi matenda, anafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane m'munsimu) zingakhudze chiwalo chilichonse, omwe amagwirizana ndi dongosolo lymphatic. ndulu Ichi ndi udindo kuyeretsedwa magazi, tonsils, kuteteza ku matenda, mafupa, thymus ndi ena. Moto kutupa akhoza kwambiri patsogolo, kuyambira pafupifupi ziwalo zonse za mkati muli minofu lymphatic.

Choncho, timudziwe bwino matenda, zizindikiro zake ndi njira matenda. Nkhaniyi tione mitundu yofala lymphoma.

lymphoma Kodi: lingaliro ambiri

mtundu umodzi wa matenda hematological ndi lymphoma. Iwo apangidwa ndi minofu lymphatic, kulankhula chotupa khalidwe. Woterowo chotupa maselo oyera mutate ndi kuyamba kukula mofulumira. Lymphocytes osafa, zikubweretsa kudzikundikira awo. Iwo pang'onopang'ono m'malo maselo onse magazi. Zimenezi, zimakhudza ntchito ziwalo zonse za mkati. Lymphoma mtima yomweyo akuona ulesi ndi kutopa msanga. Zizindikiro zoyambirira odwala awa akhoza anawonjezera lymph mfundo, motero sikuti chopweteka. Pa matenda awo kukukhudza magulu osiyana:

• inguinal;
• khosi;
• axillary.

Lymphoma, mosiyana ndi zotupa olimba, si okhoza metastasize, komanso kufalitsa thupi lonse, n'kupanga zotupa ochepa yotupa. Zimenezi ikuchitika kudzera m'magazi ndi zimakhala a dongosolo lymphatic.

Lymphoma - chiyani matenda? Mwakucimbidza Dziwani kuchenjerera kwake. Ena mwa mitundu yake amatha mu magawo koyamba zimachitika asymptomatic kwathunthu, ndipo zimenezi zimapangitsa kuti ndizipeza nthawi wapatali imene munthu akhoza pafupifupi mwathunthu kugonjetsa matendawa. Mu mankhwala, kansa imeneyi lagawidwa mitundu iwiri: lymphoma sanali Hodgkin a ndi matenda Hodgkin a. Pansipa ife kufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane aliyense wa iwo.

Gawo

lymphomas zilonda Komabe mitundu ina ya matenda a khansa ndi kulekana sitepe. Chotero gulu la imathandiza madokotala zokwanira molondola kudziwa mlingo wa kuwonongeka. Komanso, nkhani imeneyi ndi maziko osauka mankhwala mabuku, ndi pa siteji kudzadalira njira kulimbana ndi lymphoma ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Childs, zotsatira pa chotupa pa chiyambi cha chitukuko n'chosiyana kwambiri njira imene ntchito m'njira zotsogola. Siteji yoyamba ndi yachiwiri amaona m'deralo, ndiye matenda sinafalikire thupi lonse, ndipo ali ndi zotupa chotupa chachikulu. Yodziwika ndi wachitatu ndi wachinayi metastases mawonekedwe ndi kufalitsa. Iwo conventionally amatchedwa wamba. Tikumbukenso kuti mankhwala a magawo awa kovuta, ndi kuchuluka kwa odwala amene ali m'gulu yaitali chikhululukiro, ochepa, choncho tikulimbikitsidwa Mulimonsemo osati kuzengereza chithandizo ngati anapezeka ndi "lymphoma". Morning - njira yokhayo kulimbana zotupa khansa mu ndime yachinayi, ena sangathe kupereka zotsatira zabwino.

Magawo koyamba matenda wachinsinsi ntchito makalata:

• A - otaya chizindikiro cha.
• B - limodzi ndi lakuthwa kuwonda, kutentha thupi ndi causeless profuse thukuta, amene kumaonekera usiku.

Gawo ndi kufotokozera awo

• Gawo loyamba.

Chimenechi ndicho chiyambi cha chitukuko cha chotupa cha. Kawirikawiri, pa nthawi ino matenda chimaoneka ndi mmodzi mwa cholinga yotupa, imene imakhudza m'dera limodzi lokha la mwanabele. Pamene Kupeza Vuto panthawi imeneyi akapatsidwa mankhwala wofatsa, zomwe zimapereka mwayi kwa kupulumuka pafupifupi 80% odwala.

• Gawo lachiwiri.

Pa nthawi imeneyi chitukuko cha lymphoma sitepe 2 akhoza kupanga zotupa chotupa kuposa iwiri yokhudza mbali zosiyanasiyana za mwanabele, koma matenda si kupitirira thorax kapena pamimba, malingana ndi kumene chotupa chachikulu. Mu stepi ino, chotupa akhoza ankachitira bwino.

• Mbali yachitatu.

Panthawi imeneyi, pali chitukuko mofulumira maselo a khansa kuti afalitsa thupi lonse. Pafupifupi onse mwanabele ali ndi kachilombo, chifukwa khalidwe kutupa. kukula kwake kumawonjezera ngati ntchito ya kudzikundikira maselo. Mwatsoka, 20% odwala analandira panthawi imeneyi kupeza chikhululukiro khola.

• Mbali chachinayi.

Dongosololi ikukhudza ziwalo monga ndulu, mtima, impso ndi ena. Chotupa ingafalire kuti m'mafupa, choncho panthawi kuyenderako chofunika puncture atsatira kuti awunike digiri ya kuwonongeka. Kuwonjezera mavuto awa, gawo lachinayi yodziwika ndi mapangidwe metastases. Pofuna kukwaniritsa chikhululukiro kuli kovuta mu mawonekedwe a matenda.

Akadzauzidwa zizindikiro za lymphoma

Pambuyo kuzindikira mfundo pamwamba kumvetsa zimene lymphoma ndi n'zosavuta, koma tsopano muyenera kuthana ndi zizindikiro, zimene atha kutumikira ngati belu woyamba, ndi kuchenjeza za ngozi. Pomwepo Atchule chakuti zizindikiro za matenda zingasiyane malingana ndi mtundu ndi malo chotupa cha.

Kuopsa woyamba ndi kuti zizindikiro koyamba ofanana kwambiri chimfine. Izi malungo a madigiri 37, mutu, zopweteka thupi, kutopa. Imeneyi, mfundo zikuluzikulu ndi nthawi: Ngati mupitirizabe kusonyeza zizindikiro masabata 2-3, muyenera kufunafuna malangizo a panthawiyi, dokotala wina.

kudziŵa ndondomeko chotupa palokha ndi m'malo zovuta. Iwo, mosiyana ndi matenda zina mukhoza nawo maonekedwe zobisika, Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito yopangidwa tomography.

The chizindikiro momveka bwino lymphoma ndi kukulitsa lymph mfundo. Childs, izi limodzi ndi zomverera chowawa, ululu komanso malungo. Ngati chotupa akufotokozera mu zonse m'mimba, nthawi zambiri anati kuphwanya chopondapo, nseru, kusanza ndi bloating. Odwala zaka 40 amapezeka miyendo kutupa.

Kotero, ife kusankha zizindikiro ambiri lymphoma:

• kutupa lymph mfundo;
• malungo;
• thukuta;
• kutopa;
• mutu;
• kutopa;
• kuwonda;
• oyabwa;
• kutupa tonsils ya;
• kufupika kwa mpweya;
• yaitali chifuwa.

Mwatsoka, onse zizindikiro izi sizachilendo kwa mitundu ina ya matenda, kotero pamaso sangathe umboni bwino za zosayembekezereka wa lymphoma. Ndi bwino pamene akukumana zizindikiro kupempha thandizo oyenerera.

Matenda: njira kudziŵa lymphoma

tanthauzo la "matenda a lymphoma 'N'chiyani? Choyamba, ndi dokotala. Iye amayang'ana ndipo malingana ndi zotsatira zake, kusankha mayesero zofunika ndiponso yotsatira kafukufuku. Chofunika ndi yobereka magazi kwa maphunziro matenda ndi amuzolengedwa. Chiŵerengero selo lolingana mu dokotala wake zikusonyeza kuti akudwala matenda zotheka. Kuti atsimikizire biopsy zakonzedwa. kusanthula watengedwera mothandizidwa ndi opaleshoni imene nsalu ya yotengedwa lymph mfundo liwunikidwenso.

Pa siteji ena a lymphoma yoikidwiratu ray matenda, amene amalola kudziwa malo obisika kuonongeka ndi chotupa cha. Tinganene, yolondola matenda N'zosatheka kuphunzira m'mafupa, timatha kudziwa mmene matenda yafalikira. Pali njira zina loyang'anira, monga immunophenotyping, maselo majini ndi cytogenetic maphunziro.

lymphoma chithandizo

Pali njira zosiyanasiyana za chithandizo, zomwe amakonzedwa malinga ndi mtundu chotupa siteji ya chitukuko ndi chikhalidwe ambiri wodwala. Mwatsoka, pafupifupi mankhwala onse ogwiritsidwa ntchito mu zochitika panopa, ali ngati poizoni, kumene kumakhudza maselo a khansa osati kokha, komanso kuti ziwalo zofunika kwambiri. Taganizirani njira mankhwala malingana ndi mitundu ya matenda.

• Modzikhulupirira lymphomas. Pa kudziwika mtundu wa mankhwala chotupa ayenera anayamba nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa angathe mofulumira achuluke kwambiri thupi lonse. Pambuyo chitsimikiziro cha matenda nthawi zambiri ntchito kuwaza pulogalamu, kaphatikizidwe ndi oteteza "Rituximab".
• Kwambiri mwamakani lymphoma. Mu machitidwe ntchito mapulogalamu okhwima Morning, monga khansa lymphoblastic. Pankhaniyi, madokotala cholinga ndi chiwonongeko chotheratu cha zotupa khansa, koma mlingo kupulumuka mu nkhani iyi yafupika kwambiri. A osangalala angaperekedwe ngati wapezeka lymphoma siteji 2, pa 3 ndi 4 madokotala kungapangitse kuti zotsatira zake zomalizira, monga ife kuganiza monga thupi angamvetsere mankhwala, sikutheka.
• Indolent lymphoma. Njira ya chithandizo cha mtundu wa zotupa ndi wapadera pa nkhani iliyonse payekha. Pali ena zotupa kuti safuna chithandizo. Komabe, ayenera kuyang'aniridwa zonse dokotala mwachindunji kusunga chiyambi cha kupitirira. Magetsi cheza mankhwala Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa milandu (walitsa). Njira imeneyi zimathandiza kuchita kwanuko pa chotupa popanda zokhudza ziwalo zina. Mwatsoka, lymphoma mankhwala si kwathunthu ntchito, kotero khama madokotala onse umalimbana patsogolo alili.

ubongo lymphoma

ubongo lymphoma kungakhale yaikulu kapena sekondale. M'nthawi ya nkhani moto kutanthauzira imayambira pa gawo lino, wachiwiri - matenda yafalikira kwa mwanabele kapena minofu.

Chotupa chachikulu ali osowa Komabe, pa chiopsezo ndi pafupifupi anthu onse, ngakhale ana wakhanda. lymphoma Izi mawonekedwe a tinatake tozungulira, kenako anayamba kugawa minofu zofewa metastases.

Mawonekedwe yachiwiri ya matenda ndi zimasiyana yaikulu ya. Monga ulamuliro, wina chotupa cholinga, koma akhoza kukula kwake lalikulu kwambiri. lymphoma Secondary ili ndi pafupifupi palibe metastasis chizindikiro alibe upambana 7%.

Lymphoma (Mapa Mzimu kulimbana ndi matenda) limodzi ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• aakulu mutu;
• kunyansidwa ndi kusanza;
• epistaxis.

Mankhwala panali malipoti pamene odwala ndi ubongo lymphoma anapezeka ndi matenda a khunyu.

Tikumbukenso kuti mtundu sekondale angayambe kwathunthu asymptomatically Koma ndi 100% Mwina kudziwa matenda zina kovuta.

Lymphoma ubongo amachotsedwa opaleshoni, koma kuonetsetsa bwino zotsatira simungathe palibe dokotala. Zowerengera zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti theka la odwala matenda ali ndi mwayi yaitali chikhululukiro.

lalikulu-selo lymphoma

Large selo lymphoma mitundu ingapo:

• akakufunsani;
• mediastinal;
• mu-large-;
• anaplastic.

Kuopsa fomu iyi ndi onse a maselo mafupa m'malo mwa nthenda, amene ataya luso buluzi ndi kufa. Choncho, akalozera wa erythrocytes ndi maselo othandiza magazi kuundana mofulumira yafupika, ndipo zimenezi zimapangitsa kuti hypoxia ndi amphamvu magazi mkati. Large-selo lymphoma amatha kufalitsa mofulumira thupi lonse. Choyamba zosungidwazo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito lymph mfundo, chithokomiro ndi malovu zopangitsa, ubongo minofu ndi mafupa. Kenako, ndondomeko ndi kufalikira kwa chiwindi, impso ndi mapapu, imbaenda ku kuwonongeka mofulumira ukupeza wodwalayo. Kukula mofulumira kumayambira gawo lachitatu. Njira yokhayo ya mankhwala zitha kukhala mankhwala amphamvu.

Akakufunsani lymphoma lalikulu selo

Akakufunsani lymphoma ndi aukali malingaliro. Maonekedwe ake ndi kusokonezeka kwa chamoyo yachibadwa maselo, amene ali ndi udindo kupeza matupi kachilombo kapena yachilendo. Chifukwa chakuti mtundu uwu wa lymphoma amatha localize mu minofu iliyonse mosamala inadzisintha, lymphocytes ndi B-maselo amalephera paokha kudziwa kachilomboka popereka chizindikiro kwa chitetezo cha m'thupi.

Azindikire akakufunsani lymphoma mosavuta. Choyamba, zikuluzikulu lymph mfundo mosavuta anamva pansi chala chanu. Komanso pa X-ray ndi ultrasound Tingaone ufulu wa zotupa chotupa.

Symptomatology wa lymphoma ndi sasiyana ku mitundu ina. Izi kuchuluka pang'ono kutentha, mwamphamvu kuwonda akagona thukuta.

Akakufunsani lalikulu selo lymphoma angayambe monga matenda wodziimira kapena pambuyo (chifukwa cha zotsatira za mitundu ina ya khansa). Zinaonetsa kuti ndi kupitirira a iwo kukula mofulumira, koma Yankho ndithu chithandizo.

Features matenda

Lymphoma magazi panopa ankafufuza bwinobwino. Iwo kukhazikika bwino kuti chifukwa pakuwonekera kwake ndi kukhudzana ndi cheza poyizoni ndi carcinogenic. Kodi sunaletse Mwina odwala kutengera za kumtundu. Komanso pa chiopsezo anthu amene amamwa mowa mwauchidakwa, osuta ndi zochitika, ndi amene ali ndi maonekedwe a matenda hematological aakulu.

Posachedwapa anapezeka ndi magazi lymphoma zambiri zokwanira, ndi akulu onse ndi ana. Mukayamba chithandizo mwamsanga, mpata pochira 70%. Pa magawo wachitatu ndi wachinayi wa chikhululukiro imatengedwa zotsatira zabwino, amene nthawi ndi zaka 5-7. Komabe, muyambirenso sangathe kwathunthu lilibe, ndipo chiwerengero chawo kumakhudza mwachindunji pa moyo.

Hodgkin lymphoma ndi chiyani?

matenda Hodgkin anali woyamba kufotokoza mu 1832 ndi wasayansi T. Hodgkin. Matendawa chosaneneka, pa pangozi anthu a mibadwo yonse anapangidwa Komabe, anaona azimuth ena: amuna amakhudzidwa kawiri nthawi kuposa kugonana chilungamo. Mpaka zaka zingapo zapitazo, lymphoma Hodgkin a amaona matenda osachiritsika. Panopa, chifukwa cha kafukufuku wa asayansi padziko lonse, odwala ndi mwayi wa kupulumuka. Komabe, udindo ankaimba ndi zinachitikira ndi akatswiri a dokotala nawo. Chinthu chachikulu - matenda a chotupa molondola yake, komanso kutsatira mmene madera matenda. Gawo anayi ndi kupereka lymphoma Hodgkin, tatsimikiza amene amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pa kusankha njira mankhwala.

Zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro za matenda ofanana ndi zina. Nthawi limodzi ndi magazi m'thupi, kudzikundikira madzimadzi mu mapapo, magazi. About 30% odwala amadandaula kuyabwa zonse ndi redness a khungu khalidwe.

Chithandizo cha lymphoma Hodgkin a

zotupa akuganiza akhoza kukhala pa akandiyeze chizolowezi. Ngati magazi amasonyeza nambala mkulu wa maselo oyera, m'pofunika kupitiriza kafukufuku. Tikumbukenso kuti kuyambira gawo lachitatu, mlingo wa ndende pang'onopang'ono amachepetsa. Umboni matenda limaphatikizapo kuphunzira mabuku, ndiye kulingalira, biopsy, puncture, radiography.

Zofunika: kupambana pazipita angathe kuzikwaniritsa ndi matenda yake ya matenda monga lymphoma Hodgkin a.

Kodi odwala ambiri amakhala ndi mtundu uwu matenda? Chiwerengerochi ndi wapadera kwambiri. Ngati chithandizocho anayamba mu magawo oyambirira, pali mkulu Mwina wa kukwaniritsa zotsatira zabwino. Nkhondo gawo lachitatu penapake zovuta ndi mwayi ali 50-50. The aakulu kwambiri akuti ndi mawonekedwe a kuthamanga, amene amakhala ndi metastases, ndipo angapo chotupa foci.

Chinthu chachikulu - nthawi ya mankhwala kukwaniritsa yaitali chikhululukiro ndi kuyesa wokonzeka kuthana ndi kuthekera musabise latsopano. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa muyezo zofunika kwambiri zochizira matenda monga lymphoma Hodgkin a. Kodi odwala ambiri amakhala ndi matenda izi? Izi kwakukulukulu kudalira pa moyo wawo, choncho tikulimbikitsidwa kuti kutsatira pulogalamu yake tsiku ndi zakudya, ndi bwino kwathunthu kusiya kwambiri yogwira mokomera kayimbidwe kotani mpandawo.