Lingaliro la polojekiti: Zitsanzo

Mulimonsemo chinthu chofunika kwambiri - chiyambi chabwino. mawu Izi ndi zoona ndithu chifukwa kasamalidwe tsopano otchuka ntchito. Choncho kodi ndimayamba ntchito? ndi maganizo ntchito chiyani? Zitsanzo ndi maziko ongolankhula mayankho a mafunso amenewa akuitanidwa m'nkhani ino.

Project Moyo Zolimbikitsa ndi Mafotokozedwe

kasamalidwe aliyense ntchito ndi mu lolimba malinga ndi magawo a mkombero moyo wake.

Kudutsa mbali zina za chitukuko ntchitoyi akasintha ndipo amafuna mitundu yatsopano ya ulamuliro ndi kuzisamalira. Tikumbukenso kuti adzizungulira moyo ntchito sakugwirizana ndi mkombero moyo mankhwala, amene analengedwa mu ndondomeko kapena chifukwa cha kukhazikitsa. mankhwala wayamba alipo kuyambira chilengedwere ziwalo zanga zonse ndi kaphatikizidwe iwo mu chinthu wosakwatiwa, sipangakhalenso anagulitsidwa kapena ntchito kuti athandize mwini. Pankhaniyi, mankhwala akhoza analenga:

• chifukwa cha polojekiti (ngati chimodzi mwa zolinga zake);
• mu ndondomeko yake kukhazikitsa (ngati mankhwala ndi imodzi mwa njira zimene kukwaniritsa iliyonse ya zolinga zake);
• isanayambe (ngati ndi chikhalidwe cha kukhalapo kwa polojekiti);
• Nditamaliza (ngati si cholinga).

Choncho, "moyo mzere" polojekiti ndi mankhwala akhoza kuwoloka kapena ayi anawoloka, koma nthawi zonse modalirana.

Magawo mkombero moyo ntchito

Mbali yaikulu imatengedwa kuti:

1. Chinamwali.
2. Development.
3. Kukhazikitsa.
4. Kutsiriza.

Koma si gulu. Monga mbali ya ntchito atatu gawo moyo mkombero wa ntchito yayendera ndalama ntchito koposa zonse:

1. Pre-ndalama siteji (kulungamitsidwa wa ndalama).
2. siteji Investment (ndalama).
3. Post- (chuma aziona polojekiti).

Pali zambiri osati monga coherent Kapangidwe ka ntchito mkombero moyo, amene Ngopambana, malingana ndi sikelo maganizo, gulu kasamalidwe kapangidwe pakampaniyo, nthambi ya ntchito zachuma. Lang'anani, chinthu chidwi chathu ndicho chiyambi - gawo mwambo kapena mawu ena, mfundo ya polojekiti.

chinamwali ndi chiyani?

Chinamwali, chitukuko kapena kamangidwe lingaliro zikuphatikizapo ya njira, imene pamapeto pake anatsimikiza ndi bwana, potengera zinthu zosiyanasiyana kunja ndi mkati. Komabe, zotsatira mu mndandanda ambiri a mafunso amene ali kuyang'ana mayankho pa siteji iyi:

1. ndi prerequisites kwa kukwaniritsidwa kwa ntchito imeneyi n'chiyani?
2. Kutsimikizira kufunika kukhazikitsa?
3. chilengedwe kunja kwa malingaliro ndi chiyani?
4. ndi zolinga zikuluzikulu ziti?
5. ndi mmene mwaukadaulo zotheka lingaliro chiyani?
6. ndi mawu ndalama chimake zikuluzikulu lingaliro chiyani?
7. Kodi pali Kumvetsa nthawi chiyambi?

ntchito mfundo dongosolo komanso zikuphatikizapo zotsatirazi zofunika:

1. Tanthauzo la njira waukulu kukhazikitsa mfundo.
2. Potumiza udindo kukhazikitsa.
3. Khama la chiwerengero ndi zikuchokera gulu ntchito.
4. Kukonza zoyembezereka za polojekitiyi.
5. Mapangidwe mndandanda zikuluzikulu njira.
6. The kusanthula Integrated ya zofunika kuti tikwaniritse zolinga ananena.
7. Chiopsezo kusanthula ndi maganizo.
8. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa akukhudzidwira dongosolo kayendetsedwe ka polojekiti.
9. Chilolezo (kuyamba).

Project Concept ku mapeto kukhala hayala monga nkhani ndi mavuto tafotokozazi. Zoona manambala amatchulidwa mu chikalata ichi, kawirikawiri sakhala upambana 25%, iwowa ali wofunikila koyamba chiyambi cha polojekiti.

Development hayala

Mapangidwe ndi maganizo polojekiti N'zosatheka ndondomeko drafting, kulengeza linakhalapo ndi okhala, kuwonjezera pa zofunika choyambirira ndi zolinga, monga mphamvu ya bwana ndi kuchuluka kwa chuma allocated.

Project hayala ndi bwino ndondomeko ndi ayenera muli zigawo izi:

1. A ndandanda wa zosintha aakulu.

2. Mapepala approvals.

3. Nkhani chonse:

• zolinga;
• chowaloleza;
• kuyembekezera zotsatira;
• chomaliza mankhwala kapena chandamale komaliza;
• masiteji waukulu kukhazikitsa;
• okhudzidwa ntchito ndi ziyembekezo zawo;
• mavuto, mfundo, ndi zofooka;
• ndondomeko ulamuliro chiwembu ndi timu.

4. Basic mfundo za ntchito.

5. Zokhudzana zikalata.

Mu kukafola chikalata amenewa, monga ulamuliro, ntchito ndi ziwerengero Katswiri, udindo waukulu umene umagwira oyenerera woyang'anira ntchito.

Chizindikiritso cha polojekitiyi

Kuti akonze mfundo polojekiti ndi zayamba anthu akhudzidwa ndi chidwi mwachindunji chotsatira. Tingamudziwe anthu zimenezi n'kofunika kupenda zinthu zokhudza polojekiti. Monga mbali pa stepi ino imagwiridwa mayikidwe a zolinga ndi opindula kiyi tanthauzo la ntchito momasuka mwachindunji kapena kudzera m'njira zina, ziyenera a kuopsa ndi wosadalirika kugwirizana ndi nkhondo mosalephera chidwi, chitukuko cha mitundu imeneyi ya kudziwitsa anthu za momwe ikuyendera malingaliro.

Zonse zomwe za njira ina bwalo la anthu kusungidwa mu okhudzidwa mu kaundula. m'kaundula amenewa akupezeka woyang'anira ntchito yomangayo ndipo amawagwiritsira kulamulira mabacteria ndi digiri ya chikoka pa njira ntchito ndi gulu.

kukhazikitsidwa lingaliro

Pamaso chiyanjo cha chiphunzitso cha bwino ayesedwe ndi kusintha pa mbali zonse za matabwa ake nthambi: Ndalama njira kukhazikitsa, zochitika, ngozi, etc. Akuti mfundo polojekiti zokha atakambirana ndi okhudzidwa ake onse, kuphatikizapo boma ndi nyumba oyang'anira tauni ...

Mawu oyamba a maganizo

Lingaliro la polojekiti lichitidwa akuyendera mwa kukhazikitsa dongosolo, timamva. M'kupita kwa ndikukhazikitsa lingaliro pali kusintha zosiyanasiyana zimene zinalembedwa ndi ovomerezedwa ndi kasamalidwe zokhudza mzere pansi. Kuunikira kusintha ndi kulamulira khalidwe - mwina njira zofunika kwambiri kasamalidwe pa kukhazikitsa chiphunzitso cha.

Chitsanzo 1: Lingaliro la ntchito yomanga

Development wa lingaliro yomanga kuyenera kuphatikizapo:

• chiwembu kusanthula;
• kumanga zoletsa;
• udindo panopa gawo;
• ziyenera a lingathe chitukuko;
• Kupenda msika malo (angachithe, kugawanika);
• chizindikiritso cha mpikisano kuthekera;
• ziyenera a mphamvu ya kufunika;
• chizindikiritso cha ogula angathe.

Limatchula ntchito yomangayo tinganene kuti ngati kusuntha ntchito za dziko zilipo. Mapulogalamu kuwunika apa pakubwera patsogolo mapangidwe mfundo. Kuchita chisankho cholondola ntchito SWAT-kusanthula multifactorial mawerengeredwe ndi zipangizo zina.

Pambuyo pothetsa zofunikazo wasenza asilikali hayala, amene kuwonjezera magawo tatchulazi, ayenera muli:

• Lingaliro chitukuko (makhalidwe a malo, zomangamanga zoyendera mbuye dongosolo, malangizo zochita mapulani ndi kukonza mapulani ndiponso zomangira komanso maziko malo);
• malonda lingaliro (mitengo njira, ndi zoyerekeza ndandanda wa malonda / kubwereketsa, Kukwezeleza strategy);
• chiwembu chuma (zofuna ndalama, phindu Mapa, pafupifupi ndandanda wa utuluke ndalama).

2. Mfundo kukhazikitsa dongosolo zokha

Development wa Project Concept oyamba ndi makina malonda dongosolo kwa yamabuku ndi pazikhalanso zotsatirazi nkhani zinazake:

• Lowunikira mabuku a msika Internet mawu a buku ndi mtengo kukhazikitsa.
• Kuona mtengo wa zili sitolo Intaneti.
• Dziŵani zimene kumisika zina m'mabuku alipo sitolo.

Lingaliro ili wamakono ntchito shopu adzakhala ndi zolinga zingapo: chilengedwe cha sitolo ndi online, kuonetsetsa Mwachangu ake ndi kukwaniritsa mlingo yeniyeni ya malamulo kudzera thandizo latsopano Intaneti.

Zolinga amenewa chingapezeke mwa sequentially ntchito zotsatirazi:

• chitukuko cha specifications luso;
• kuphedwa kwa ntchito pa sitolo Intaneti;
• chitukuko chiwembu makontena kusindikiza mabuku ogula;
• malonda;
• mapangano ndi kachitidwe Intaneti malipiro.

Mwachitsanzo 3. Mfundo wamakono

Lingaliro ntchito ndi kukhazikitsa njira zamakono watsopano kupanga mkombero alipo nthawi zonse akupangidwa kutenga nkhani limatchula za ogwira ntchito ndi zinthu lidzigwira ntchito zake. chidwi linaperekedwa kwa njira zotsatirazi:

• Chizindikiritso cha "zinthu osatetezedwa" wa unyolo kupanga (kumayambiriro umisiri ayenera kapena m'malo m'madera vuto, kapena kuutsa kulephera kwawo chifukwa kuphwanya umphumphu wa ntchito mkombero).
• Khalani dongosolo la phased oyamba umisiri (pophatikiza dongosolo mu ndondomeko yopanga mlingo watsopano - ndi mfundo za wamakono, monga magulu vutoli kanthu ndi opanga akhoza negate ndalama zonse ntchito pa kukulitsa).
• Chiwerengero cha ogwira ntchito kuthekera kwa kasamalidwe ndi kusamalira zipangizo zatsopano.

Mwa zolinga za chotero ntchito, monga ulamuliro, ndi mwachindunji ndi makhalidwe a ulimi kusinthidwa ndi buku ndi kumaliseche liwiro.

Popeza pamwamba, n'zoonekeratu kuti mfundo za polojekiti zikuphatikizapo zinthu zazikulu zokhudza wokhutira, ubwino zachuma, kuthekera ndi zotsatira zake. Mu nkhani imeneyi, kamba cilamulo a malingaliro atsopano ankafunika kukhala kapena kuyamba ntchito watsopano, m'pofunika kutsogolera, kuunikira ndi kukambirana Musanayambe kusintha kwenikweni ndi bizinesi.