Large odana ndi sitima zapamadzi ngalawa "Kerch": kufotokoza, mbiri ndi mfundo zosangalatsa

Large odana ndi sitima zapamadzi ngalawa "Kerch" - ndi wachitatu wa asanu ndi awiri otchuka 1134 B Project ziwiya, amene analengedwa Nikolaev (Ukraine). Kwa nthawi yaitali BOD anali amphamvu kwambiri mayunitsi mdani padziko (pambuyo kulenga mndandanda wa kapangidwe pansi chiwerengero 1155). ngalawayo anafuna kutenga nawo mbali pa magulu yofufuza ndi percussion kuzindikira ndi kuthetsa sitima zankhondo mdani m'madera onse a nyanja. Dzina la chombo dzina lake pambuyo eponymous ngwazi-mzinda. Posachedwapa, iye anatumizidwa ku Black Sea zombo latsopano la Russia. Ndi mmodzi wa zombo ziwiri za udindo woyamba. The chachiwiri amatchedwa cruiser "Moskva".

yomanga

Ndipotu pa chiyambi cha 2011, zisanu ndi zombo isanu ndi iwiri ya polojekiti (1971-1979 chaka), zomwe zinalembedwa mu Soviet yapamadzi, onse analandira mayunitsi, komanso ngati subordination wa Russian apanyanja ndipo ankaiphwasula kwa zidutswa. Kumachita pa Black Sea zombo anali yekha wapadera lalikulu antisubmarine m'chombo (Eks. B 1134) "Kerch".

Ntchito yomanga chotengera inayamba mu 1971, nyumba index cha mu 2003. Kwa nthawi yoyamba chombo adatchithisira m'madzi mu July ndi makumi awiri, ndipo iye anadza ku ntchito kumapeto 1974. Pa sitima za bwato, zomwe zili m'gulu la sevente Brigade 30 Division antisubmarine kutetezeredwa Black Sea zombo, mbendera Union kukazikoloŵeka. Chikalata kunyumba doko unali mzinda wa Sevastopol mu 1999, alumikizana chiwerengero unasintha 733.

makhalidwe a

M'munsimu muli waukulu magawo luso la flagship ya Black Sea zombo:

• malembedwe aantchito / pazipita kusamutsidwa - matani 6700/8565;
• kutalika / m'lifupi / kusodza - 173,5 / 18,55 / 6,35 mamita (pazipita);
• powertrains - anayi GTE DN, 59 pamodzi ndi awiri Motors GTE DS 71;
• mphamvu mlingo - zana ndi zikwi ziwiri mazana asanu ndiyamphamvu;
• magawo liwiro (ulendo / zonse) - 18/33 mfundo;
• nthawi kumene pa mfundo 32 - 2760 mailosi;
• wotsogolera - 2 * FPP;
• kudziyimira pawokha - ndi miyezi theka pa mbadwa ya chakudya, masiku makumi atatu - ndi mafuta-madzi;
• adalira - anthu mazana anayi makumi atatu.

M'banja chachikulu chotsutsa-sitima zapamadzi ngalawa "Kerch" kangapo anasintha manambala alumikizana. Last index - 713.

zaka 1976-1985

Woyamba nkhondowo ntchito chotengera tidapita ku Nyanja Mediterranean (kuyambira mu 1976). kukhalapo kwake BOD kukangana mbali lankhondo la Soviet Union pankhondo Israel ndi Lebanon. M'chaka cha chaka kuti chombo anabwerera ku doko wake kunyumba. Ndiyeno panali malo ogulitsira zambiri madzi a Mediterranean (1977-1978, 1979).

Mu 1978, chifukwa cha kuphunzira kwawo chachikulu chotsutsa-sitima zapamadzi ngalawa "Kerch" anali kupereka mphoto wapadera ndi boma chida specialization, ndipo miyezi ingapo - ". Pakuti mtima ndi olimba mtima" a silikhali pennant

Patapita zaka ziwiri, chombo amaitcha kuti pomayenda wa Red Chabwino usilikali Council CFP. Chakumapeto kwa chaka cha 1981 ndi flagship n'kukakhala ku nkhondowo maphunziro polygon (madzi a Sevastopol). Pa bolodi analipo Soviet polimbana Moskalenko K. S. Mu autumn 1982 chombo anatenga gawo mu Zochita za panyanja "Chikopa 82" patatha zaka ziwiri - mu "Soyuz 84" mpikisano. M'chaka cha 1884 chombo yanyamuka kuchezeredwa ndi boma kuti Varna (fraternal Chibugariya doko).

Yokonzanso woyamba ndi kusintha

Kumapeto kwa ulendo ndi refueling sitimayo si adzabwera pa ndandanda pa lotsatira nkhondowo ntchito. A membala adalira ali sizithetsedwa kukhalapo ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta zipolopolo limagwirira waukulu umene powerplant linathyoka. chotengeracho kwa doko kwa kukonza.

Pambuyo kukulitsa BOD "Kerch" izo zili ndi akanema latsopano zida:

• "Zinayambira" chida dongosolo;
• flak "Mphepo-H";
• chipangizo kulankhulana "Tsunami";
• dongosolo "Chimphepo" ndi "boletus";
• sorokapyatimillimetrovymi likuomba mfuti.

Pa kukonza chombo zinagwira moto mu apolisiwo chisokonezo. The moto anayamba kutuluka mphindi yokha pambuyo makumi awiri, koma chombo anapulumutsidwa, panalibe ovulala. M'chaka cha 1989 "Kerch" anapita Istanbul, ndipo mu August anabwerera Varna.

zaka 1993-2011

Kuchita mooring, chachikulu chotsutsa-sitima zapamadzi ngalawa "Kerch" inagwera mu mlatho konkire Sevastopol Bay. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, akuluakulu mapindikidwe kumakhaliro, panapita masiku khumi kuti kukonza zidalengedwa. Mu June ndi July 1993 chombo chidali otsiriza a kolowera m'ma, kumene kunali kukhudzana ndi US sitima zapamadzi nyukiliya.

Ndi zotsatira za 1993 asilikali maofesi kusambira anapata mphoto ya a Komiti Main wa Russian Navy zida chida. Ndipo mu chaka chamawa, chachikulu chotsutsa-sitima zapamadzi m'chombo (BPK "Kerch") anali pa ulendo mu Nyanja Mediterranean, womwe unatenga masiku khumi. chotengeracho amaperekedwa Borisa Eltsina ulendo Greece. Zinali kenako kusintha kwa Varna, Cannes ndi Messina. Mu 2005, ntchito panopa kukonza kunachitika mu Novorossiysk. Iwo m'kati m'malo a turbogenerator wa, atachita ntchito alumikizana, inathetsedwa millimeters asanu kugunda aakulu mzere ndipo anakakonza pansi ndi anamangirira zovekera.

mfundo zosangalatsa

"Kerch" - lalikulu antisubmarine m'chombo (262-B, "Stary Oskol" - chotengera watsopano, amene poyamba ndi za utsike sitima kuti m'malo akale-powerengetsera), limene nkhani zingapo zapadera zokhudzana. Komanso, anadwala moto angapo ndipo ramming ndi mlatho simenti, sitima nawo mwayi mu 1992, akupitiriza ulendo pambuyo kugwa Soviet Union pansi mbendera za dziko kuti kulibenso.

M'chaka cha 2011 BOD imachitika anaziika kwa masabata awiri kwa American chida cruiser "Monterey." M'nthawi ya kukhala mu zonse mode standby, sitima ali oposa zana ndi makumi asanu ndi atatu zikwi kuyendetsa sitima zapamadzi miles. Chifukwa cha odana ndi sitima zapamadzi ndi ntchito ina, zinali zotheka kukhala ndi sitima zankhondo za nyukiliya lina kwa maola atatu. Pa sitima zankhondo dizilo nthawi imeneyi inali pafupi makumi maola.

Pa yokonza inakonzedwa mu chaka 2014-2015 pa moto flagship zinachitika kachiwiri. Pa nthawi iyi, yaikulu odana ndi sitima zapamadzi ngalawa "Kerch" anavutika kwambiri kwambiri. Funso la magwiritsidwe wake zina. Komabe, anthu okhudzidwa akufuna kuletsa kuti izi ndi kupanga kowonera zakale sitimayo. ngalawa ndi pansi pa zothandizira mipingo yawo ya District South-East wa Moscow, Belgorod ndi Volgograd utsogoleli.

Pomaliza

Pa mbiri yaitali ya Naval zombo za USSR ziwiya ambiri ankhondo zamangidwa, umene panthawi imeneyo ankaziona ngati vutoli ano. Mwatsoka, zaka sanathe koma kuganizira boma la zombo. Ambiri a iwo anali zimatayidwa ndi kusema zitsulo zotha.

Padakali anathawa izi tsoka BOD "Kerch", nkhani ya chilengedwe ndi ntchito amene amapereka ufulu amati ndi chidaliro - ichi ndi chimodzi mwa akatswiri yabwino kwambiri ya Black Sea zombo. moto wina pa chombo kwambiri kuonongeka zida, Pankhani imeneyi, funso n'lakuti, kodi kuchita ndi sitima yotsatira? Mwina kuti adzapeza ntchito yabwino - ngati si munda wa nkhondo, ndiye ngati oonetsera zinthu zamakedzana.