Kuweta mfundo nthanthi

Ongolankhula substantiation a anthu masiku ano amadalira kusankha makamaka, amene anaonekera chifukwa maganizo a anthu ena omwe akhala extrapolated mfundo zawo nzeru zaumunthu mu dziko lenileni. Ndi kupita kwa nthaŵi ndi kusintha moyo wa anthu ziphunzitso izi akufotokozedwa, wodzilemekeza bwereza, analimbikitsa zimene tili pa mphindi. sayansi yamakono limatchula nzeru zofunikira ziwiri za anthu: ndi n'zosatheka ndi chuma.

chiphunzitso n'zosatheka

chiphunzitso n'zosatheka kuti maziko a anthu, pakati pake penipeni chimapanga zauzimu, choonadi, ndi kutalika kwa makhalidwe mayunitsi khalidwe kuti amapanga anthu anapatsidwa. Nthawi zambiri pansi pa ndodo ya ndinamvetsetsa Mulungu, chifukwa wangwiro, nzeru World kapena kukomoka anthu. Ganizo zofunika lagona pa nkhani yolembedwa kuti dziko likuyendetsedwa ndi malingaliro. Ndipo kuti "kupatula" mu mitu anthu ankaganiza ndi vekitala ena (chabwino, choipa, athandize nzika zawo, ndi zina zotero. D.), Zinali zotheka kukonzanso lonse la anthu.

Mosakayikira, ena malo, chiphunzitso chotere ndi. Mwachitsanzo, mfundo yakuti onse anachita ndi munthu amapezeka ndi nawo maganizo komanso kutsitsimuka. Pamaso pa nsoka wa ntchito, chiphunzitso oterowo amaona n'zodziŵika. Koma pa nthawi imene dera maganizo a moyo wosiyana ndi thupi, anali kunachititsa kuti chikumbumtima ndi maganizo ataima pamwamba nkhaniyo. Pang'onopang'ono panali chambiri ntchito ntchito maganizo, ndiponso khama ikuchitika amene sanalandire mu bwalo la osankhidwa.

chiphunzitso zakuthupi

Zakuthupi chiphunzitso chomwecho zikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri. Woyamba anayerekezera pakati pa malo okhala a anthu ndi mapangidwe a anthu. Ie malo Hrs, malo okongola, ndi zinthu zina zachilengedwe kupeza akasinja lalikulu madzi ndi zina zotero. D. Sankhani malangizo a tsogolo la boma zawo pandale, pa stratification wa anthu.

Gawo lachiwiri zimaonekera mchiphunzitso cha Marxism: ntchito - ndi maziko a dziko. Chifukwa maphunziro mabuku, zojambulajambula, sayansi kapena nzeru, muyenera kukwaniritsa zosowa zofunika. Tenepo iye adamanga piramidi mapazi anayi: chuma - chikhalidwe - ndale - wauzimu.

Sitingawerenge za chilengedwe ndi zina

Siikudziwika bwino mfundo nthanthi: chilengedwe, technocratic ndi chiphunzitso phenomenological.

Chilengedwe mfundo anafotokoza kapangidwe ka anthu, kunena chikhalidwe chake, ndiko kuti, thupi, zamoyo Hrs malamulo chitukuko anthu. A chitsanzo ofanana ntchito zamoyo kufotokoza zizolowezi za nyama mkati gululo. Man, malinga ndi mfundo imeneyi, kumasiyana yekha khalidwe yeniyeni.

Technocratic mfundo kugwirizana ndi magawo mwadzidzidzi mu chitukuko cha sayansi, zotchuka oyamba patsogolo sayansi ndi kusintha kwa anthu mu malo likusintha mofulumira.

Phenomenological chiphunzitso - chifukwa cha vutoli anachitika anthu mu mbiri posachedwapa. Anzeruwo kuyesera tikuona kuti chiphunzitso choti anthu ndi kwaiye ku wokha, popanda kudalira zinthu zina. Koma kufala kwa akhala.

chithunzi cha dziko

nzeru Basic amati pali angapo a chithunzi kwambiri Nkosatheka kwa dziko. Izi kwenikweni-okhudza malo, chikhalidwe ndi mwauzimu akamabadwa, chikumbutso cha thupi, kwachilengedwenso, mfundo aumunthu.

Ngati inu kuyambira kumapeto, chiphunzitso nthanthi zachokera kuzungulira mfundo yakuti, nzeru zake ndi ubale ndi chikumbumtima ambiri ndi munthu makamaka. Mbiri ya nzeru ikusonyeza kuti aliyense msinkhu ndi maganizo oti azimvera kuti reconsideration, anali umboni wa linakhalapo kapena kukana. Pa nthawi, chiphunzitso ananena kuti kukhala ndi, ndi nzeru zake zili zonse zazikulu mgwirizano ndi sayansi ndi mabungwe wauzimu.

Lingaliro la anthu

Lingaliro ya anthu tsopano tikunena vuto n'zosatheka anthu, otchedwa "kupanga" lingaliro. Nthanthi Anthropology amayesetsa kumvetsa munthu muzochitika zones za ntchito yake, nkhani ya mankhwala, chibadwa, sayansi ndi maphunziro ena a sayansi. Pa nthawi, pali kokha otalikirana chiphunzitso: kwachilengedwenso, maganizo, zachipembedzo, chikhalidwe, koma palibe kafukufuku yemwe akanati kulumikizana kuchokera mu dongosolo Integrated. The filosofe wa munthu ndi funso n'lakuti imene akupitiriza m'badwo panopa akatswiri.

chitukuko cha chiphunzitso cha

The nthanthi mfundo zachitukuko monga dichotomous. Amakhala mfundo ziwiri: dialectic ndi metaphysics.

Dialectics - kuganizira zochitika ndi kusintha kumene kukuchitika m'dziko lonse zosiyanasiyana awo, chitukuko zazikulu, kusinthidwa ndi mogwirizana ndi mzake.

Metaphysics komanso amaona zinthu mosiyana, popanda kufotokozera za ubale wawo, popanda kutenga nkhani chikoka chawo pa wina ndi mnzake. Kwa nthawi yoyamba chiphunzitso atapereka ndi Aristotle, kuti, pambuyo kudutsa mndandanda wa kusintha, nkhaniyo ndiwo njira yokhayo zotheka.

Zikhulupiriro nzeru anayamba mu kufanana ndi sayansi ndi thandizo kuwonjezera nzeru zathu za dziko. Ena a iwo anatsimikizira, ndi kukhala gawo la inferences yekha, ndi mayunitsi ndi kukanidwa ngati opanda maziko.