Kodi mukudziwa amene ali, ankakayikira?

Nzeru za anthu ambiri nthawi pamaso pa Khristu, zikachuluka ndi maunso, manauni wamba ndi zina zotero. Ena a iwo "anapulumuka" nthawi ino ndi nthawi zambiri ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku. Mwachitsanzo, amene ndi amanenera, mawu akuti "zabwino" ndipo mawu ena, ngakhale ana mukudziwa. Komabe, sikuti aliyense amadziwa chiyambi cha chiyambi cha dzina makamaka kapena kunena. Taganizirani zimene mawu akuti ", ankakayikira" mwatsatanetsatane.

chiphunzitso nthanthi

Sankakhulupirira anabadwa kumapeto kwa 4-3 zaka BC. e. pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo ndi ziphunzitso monga sukulu ya Asitoiki ndi Epicureanism. Woyambitsa wa kukuchititsa zimenezi nthanthi imatengedwa kuti ndi wojambula Greek Pyrrho, amene anayambitsa zinthu ngati lachilendo sukulu Agiriki wonse, monga "osayanjanitsika mtima", "" Mlengi, "mchitidwe si chiweruzo."

Ngati tikambirana amene amanenera, kuchokera amazionera a nthawi, tikhoza kunena kuti iye anali mwamuna amene sanali amayesetsa kulalikira choonadi cha chilengedwe, osati pofuna kumvetsa dziko, ndi zinthu monga iwo anali. Ndipo ilo linali lingaliro lalikulu ndi ziphunzitso za Pyrrho, amene ali, anthu azikhulupirira kuti chi.

magawo a chitukuko

Asayansi Kukayikira kale nthawi zitatu za chitukuko:

• Senior Pyrrhonism (m'ma 3 BC). chiphunzitso anali yodziwika wothandiza, pakati pake penipeni anagona "chikhalidwe". Oyambitsa - Pyrrho ndi wophunzira ake Parmena, amene chiphunzitso mukopedwe maganizo a Asitoiki ndi Epikureya.
• Maphunziro (3-2 m'ma BC). Oimira nthambi izi analengeza yovuta kukayikira ongolankhula mawonekedwe.
• Junior Pyrrhonism. Nzeru waukulu zikuchikazi - Agiripa ndi Enesidem ndi anthu anali madokotala, kuphatikizapo odziwika Sekst Empirik. Nthawiyi wofanana ndi systematization ziphunzitso za mfundo. Choncho, njira akuimira Enesidemom, anafotokoza mfundo za n'zosatheka kudziwa zonse padziko mothandizidwa ndi maganizo. Kenako, mfundo zimenezi akhala anagwirizana mu malo limodzi pa relativity nzeru.

Zoyamba za chiphunzitso

Kupereka mafotokozedwe zonse ndani amanenera, kupereka mfundo zotsatirazi. Oimira chiphunzitso chimenechi samakana choonadi cha mawu, koma sanamvere monga choonadi. Zimenezi zikugwira ntchito m'minda yonse - chipembedzo, akulangani sayansi (sayansi, masamu ndi zina), machiritso ndi ena. Mwachitsanzo, kukhalapo kwa Mulungu okayikira sindikukana izo, koma pa nthawi yomweyo, iwo sanatenge chilichonse mbali imodzi kapena view wina wa chikhalidwe cha Wam'mwambamwamba, makhalidwe ake, ndi zina zotero. Malinga ndi iwo, kodi simungathe kumva kapena kumvetsa, kuweruza. Pa nthawi yomweyo kuti mungathe kulikhudza, kukoma kapena kumva matupi ena, n'zosatheka bwino ganizilani, kuyambira maganizo ndi wachibale. Choncho ndi bwino kupewa chiweruzo kapena zizindikiro, koma pachomwe zonse monga ali.

Monga tanena ndi azimuth nthanthi anali kumbali ambiri mankhwala. Ngati tikambirana amene, ankakayikira limeneli, tingachite bwino kunena za mfundo zotsatirazi: "dokotala sayenera amanena zokhudza matenda, ife angofunika kunena mfundo ya matenda ndiponso kulemba zizindikiro. Komanso ndikofunikira ntchito mankhwala odziwika bwino odwala. "

Choncho, tingathe kunena kuti munthu amene si amapenda zochitika, zinthu, ndipo sanasankhe maganizo awo zotengera malingaliridwe ndi ankakayikira. Mau ofanana mawu kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yathu, mu nkhani iyi tanthauzo la mtengo choyambirira, nthawi zina zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, nihilist (a munthu amene amakana moyo), wokhulupirira pang'ono ndipo ngakhale bwino.

Ambiri, tikhoza kunena kuti asayansi mbali yofunika kwambiri mu kukula wonse wa anthu. N'zotheka kuchotsa maweruzo olakwika, malamulo oletsa zoyikidwa ndi masukulu achipembedzo.