Kumene liwiro evaporation wa madzi amadalira? Zinthu kulimbikitsa ndondomeko

Tonse ndife odziwika bwino kuyambira ubwana mfundo imodzi akuluakulu a moyo. Pofuna kuziziritsa tiyi, m'pofunika kutsanulira kuzizira ikuwomba kozungulira ndi mosalekeza pa pamwamba pake. Pamene inu muli ndi zaka zisanu kapena zisanu ndi ziwiri, osati makamaka ndikuganiza za malamulo a sayansi, kuvomereza iwo amapereka kapena kuika mwathupi kuwatengera mopepuka. Komabe, kuphunzira kuchokera nthawi ya sayansi, ife tikupeza chidwi kufanana axioms ndi umboni zonse, pang'onopang'ono kusuntha ana athu kuti mfundo wamkulu wa Lingaliro Lovomerezeka ndi. Ndi chimodzimodzi ndi tiyi. Palibe aliyense wa ife akhoza ngakhale pang'ono kuti njira ya kuzirala mwachindunji ndi evaporation madzimadzi.

ndondomeko Physics

Kuti tiyankhe funso kodi Mzimuyo liwiro evaporation wa madzi, m'pofunika kumvetsa sayansi ya ndondomeko yokha. Evaporation - ndondomeko gawo kusintha kwa chinthu zamadzimadzi boma gaseous wa loitanirana. Kodi asanduke nthunzi chinthu chilichonse madzi, kuphatikizapo viscous kwambiri. M'maonekedwe ndi sindikunena kuti mtundu wa zakudya ngati slurry angasiye ena ake kulemera chifukwa evaporation, koma izi n'zimene zicitika pa zinthu zina. Thupi olimba amathanso asanduke nthunzi kokha ndondomeko amatchedwa sublimation.

Kodi

Kuyambira kumvetsa zimene amasankha mlingo wa evaporation wa madzi, tiyenera kuyamba chakuti ndi ndondomeko endothermic, i.e. ndondomeko kudutsa ku mayamwidwe kutentha. Kutentha kwa gawo kusintha (kutentha kwa evaporation) Zosintha mphamvu mamolekyulu pa nkhaniyi, changu chawo ndi kukula mosavuta alekane, kufooketsa mphamvu ya cohesion maselo. Akuthawa chuma chochuluka, mamolekyulu yachangu asonkhanitsidwa kunja kwa malire ake ndiponso chuma watha misa. Pa nthawi yomweyo kuchotsedwa mamolekyulu madzi yomweyo yophika, wakukhulupirira kulekana kwa ndondomeko kusintha gawo ndi linanena bungwe lawo wakhalako m'chigawo gaseous.

ntchito

Kumvetsa chimene chimayambitsa zimadalira mlingo wa evaporation wa madzi, kungakhale nzeru zonse njira zikuchitika pa iwo. Mwachitsanzo, mpweya wofewetsa, kutentha exchanger-evaporator, amene zilonda za refrigerant kutenga kutentha kwa chipinda kuzirala kapena madzi otentha mu kukatentha machubu mafakitale, zomwe kutentha anasamutsidwa Kutentha ndi zosowa madzi otentha. Kukwaniritsidwa kodi zinthu mlingo wa evaporation wa madzi limadalira amapereka mwayi mapulani ndi kupanga zamakono zamakono zipangizo miyeso yaying'ono ndi mkulu kutentha kutengerapo koyefishienti.

kutentha

Phula boma ndi sinkakhala. Pamene lapansi wathu N. Y. (Lingaliro la "zinthu zachilendo," ie oyenera moyo wa umunthu), amamuchititsa nthawi kupita mu gawo olimba kapena gaseous. Kodi zimenezi zimachitika? Kumene liwiro evaporation wa madzi amadalira?

Muyeso chachikulu - izi, ndithudi, kutentha. Wamphamvu ife kutenthetsa madzi, mphamvu zambiri ife akutenga kuti mamolekyulu zinthu m'pamenenso nsinga maselo tinyema mwamsanga pali gawo kusintha ndondomeko. Apotheosis akwaniritsa pa azilandira nucleate kuwira. Madzi zithupsa pa 100 ° C pa kuthamanga mumlengalenga. Pamwamba pa mphika kapena, mwachitsanzo, ketulo kumene zithupsa, pa koyamba mwangwiro yosalala. Pamene kuwonjezeka angapo pa cithunzithunzi, tirikuona osatha nsonga lakuthwa, monga m'mapiri. Kutentha umagwiritsidwa aliyense dontho la nsonga izi, ndi chifukwa cha moto wochepa kutengerapo pamwamba madzi yomweyo effervesce, kupanga mpweya kuwira, amene limatuluka pamwamba, kumene n'kugwa. N'chifukwa chake motere kuwira kuwira. Mlingo wa evaporation wa madzi pa pazipita lapansi.

zoipazi

Zofunika chizindikiro chachiwiri chimene mlingo wa evaporation wa madzi zimatengera - kuthamanga. Ndi kuchepetsa kuthamanga pansi pa madzi mumlengalenga akuyamba wiritsani pa kutentha m'munsi. Mfundo imeneyi zinachokera pa ntchito ya cooker wotchuka kuthamanga - miphika wapadera, komwe anasamutsidwa, ndipo madzi otentha kale pa 70-80 ° C. Amayamba kuthamanga, pa mwake, kumawonjezera kutentha kwa kuwira. Izi Mbali zothandiza ntchito kupereka madzi otentha ku CHP mu CTP, ndi ITP kumene kupulumutsa anasamutsa kutentha mphamvu madzi usavutike kutentha madigiri 150-180, pamene kuli kofunikira kuti achotse kuthekera effervescence ake mu mipope.

zinthu zina

Tima ikuwomba ndi kutentha kwa padziko madzi kuposa kutentha kwa chakudya mpweya mtsinje, - chinthu china chimene chimadalira pa mlingo wa evaporation madzi. Zitsanzo za izi angathe kumwedwa kwa moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku. Mphepo mphepo pamwamba pa nyanja kapena chitsanzo chimene ife anayamba ofotokozera: kuwomba tiyi anazitsanulira mwa kozungulira a. Akamazizira pansi chifukwa chakuti, kuyang'ana pa chinthu chochuluka, mamolekyulu mphamvu adanyamulidwa ndi yozizira izo. Apa mutha kuona komanso zotsatira za m'dera pamwamba. Kozungulira onse kuposa bwalo, ndi squaring ake ikhoza kutuluka m'madzi kwambiri kulemera.

Pa mlingo nthunzi nawonso anakopeka ndi mtundu wa madzimadzi yokha: ena zakumwa asanduke nthunzi mwamsanga, pamene anthu ena pang'onopang'ono. Zimakhudzanso zofunika pa ndondomeko evaporation ndi amatipatsa mpweya zachilengedwe. Pa mtheradi zili mkulu chinyezi (mpweya kwambiri chinyezi Mwachitsanzo, pafupi ndi nyanja) evaporation ndondomeko amapita msanga.