Mneni - ndi gawo la kulankhula? ndi conjugation wa kasewenzetsedwe ka mau chiyani?

Part malankhulidwe amene amadziwika kanthu ndi nkhani ya boma - ndi mneni. Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani? Zimakana kuchita chilichonse, ali mu chikhalidwe kapena kuona nokha.

Mneni infinitive amayankha mafunso a kanthu: chochita? kapena chochita? Komabe, mu chinenero cha Chirasha, gawo ili la mawu ati makhalidwe angapo morphological, zomwe zingasiyane chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a mbali kalembedwe wa kulankhula.

Infinitus zikutanthauza kalekale

Mneni - unit kulankhula, angathe kudziwa mtundu, nthawi, nkhope ndi makhalidwe ena morphological. Koma ngati mneni ali infinitive, ndi chizindikiro chabe ya ife tikhoza kuwona, ndi mtundu wangwiro kapena ungwiro. Infinitive - ndi, mwa kulankhula kwina, osamveka, kapena, monga iwo ukutchedwa, mawonekedwe koyamba mneni. Mundawu la mbali ya kulankhula amathandiza kulimbana ndi kalembedwe wa kasewenzetsedwe ka mau ukutha, pamene izo zifika conjugation. Ndi infinitive ndi mafunso chochita? (Chiyani?) Nthawi zambiri itha -t (kuyenda, odulidwa, mbewu, etc.), pa Ti (kupita, kupeza, kupulumutsa, ndi ena.) Kapena -ch (alonda, kuphika, pogona, ndi ena.).

yomangika ya mneni

Luso limeneli potanthauza kuchita kapena boma la nkhaniyi nthawi zonse: panopa akuchita, Adali kuchita (kodi) ndiye kuchita (adzachita). Osati makhalidwe onse wapakamwa kugwa pansi gulu la nthawi. Mwachitsanzo, mawu amene anawagwiritsa ntchito mosiyanasiyana wangwiro si ntchito pakali pano. Kasewenzetsedwe ka mau mu makonzedwe yomangika alibe tsogolo pano, pano ndipo akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu mawonekedwe a zinachitika kale ndi particles.

ndingaliro mneni

Mneni - ndi mbali ya kulankhula kuti angagwiritsidwe ntchito zizoloŵezi atatu.

• Mu maganizo zimasonyeza, gawo ili la mawu akulongosola zochita zimene panopa zikuchitika, zinachitika kale kapena zidzachitika m'tsogolo. Zitsanzo: ndikukuuzani, ndikuuzeni, ine ndikuuzani (kuwauza). Nthawi zina kasewenzetsedwe ka mau mu maganizo zimasonyeza mu udindo wa nthawi yalelo akhoza kutha za mawu amene maziko a infinitive umatha: kukhala - kukhala.

• The makonzedwe yomangika mneni limafotokoza zimene zotheka akamaziwononga, kapena amene akufuna kuchita. Zitsanzo: ndingakonde kuti ndikuuzeni inu nkhani imeneyi. Iye akanati ankayenera, ngati panali ophunzira. Mawu mu mawonekedwe a ndingaliro makonzedwe popangidwa ndi kujowina maziko infinitive suffix particles kuti -l- kuphatikiza (b). tinthu angagwiritsidwe ntchito pambuyo pa mneni kutsogolo kwa ilo, monga izo nthawi zina wosiyana mneni ndi dzina lina: pempho The akanati anasonyeza, koma mtanda mu mmero wake. Ndinamvetsera mwachidwi, ndiye ntchito ndipo anamvetsa chofunikira.

• Mneni kuyesetsa akuganizira ngati chokakamizidwa. Zitsanzo: undiuze ine, kukhala pansi, kuwerenga izo. Motelo akhoza kuwapeza powonjezera kuti maziko a mneni wa tenses pano kapena mtsogolo kapena suffix -and- ziro suffix.

Pamene mawonekedwe a ndingaliro ntchito tanthauzo la ena

Nthawi zina, kumatanthauza apamtima, maganizo mtundu wina akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mtengo wa ena. Taonani zitsanzo.

• particles zimasonyeza tiyeni (tiyeni), koma amaoneka kuti kasewenzetsedwe ka mau kuyesetsa. Zitsanzo: Long moyo choonadi! Anene mokweza amasangalatsa zokometsera ufulu.
• Makonzedwe maganizo, amapereka lingaliro la kuyesetsa kuti: akanasiya inu, Natalia, vuto.
• The maganizo Motelo, amapereka lingaliro la makonzedwe: ngati ine sinditenga ndalama - akanakhala pa bwato.
• The maganizo Motelo, amapereka lingaliro la zimasonyeza: Iye ndi kutumikira mbuye wake, ndipo methylene, ndi oyera, ndi kukhala pa Beck ndi kuitana.
• CHOSADZIWIKA mtundu wa mneni amene zimasonyeza lingaliro la maganizo zimasonyeza:
  Ndipo mfumukazi kuseka ndi shrugging mapewa ake ... (Pushkin); Makonzedwe: Tengani uzitsine kudziko lakwawo mu kukumbukira; Motelo: - chabe! Kukhululukira! - anamva mawu. (Bulgakov).

Mitundu ya mneni

Mneni - ndi mbali ya liu lanu kuthekera kuti mitundu iwiri.

• Wangwiro - kasewenzetsedwe ka mau a mtundu umenewu kanthu akutchedwa, akuloza chokwanira kapena chifukwa. Zitsanzo: chochita? - Ndinauza (tensi yakale); Ine ndikanachita? - akukamba (mtsogolo yomangika). The infinitive: chochita? - ndikuuzeni.
• Ungwiro - kasewenzetsedwe ka mau a mtundu umenewu kanthu akutchedwa, si akuloza mapeto ake kapena chifukwa. Zitsanzo: chochita? - anauza (tensi yakale); Kodi kuchita? - Iwo amati (tsopano); chimene ine ndikanachita? - I adzanena (mtsogolo). The infinitive: chochita? - nkhani.

Childs, mawu omwewa angagwiritsidwe ntchito mitundu onse, koma pali mawu ena mtundu umodzi wokha:

• wangwiro kokha - nawonso, amapezeka, umayamba, etc.
• Only ungwiro - a mokondwa ndi ena.

Komanso chinenero cha Chirasha pali otchedwa dvuvidovye kasewenzetsedwe ka mau, mungathe kuwagwiritsa ntchito mawu a mitundu iwiri. Chitsanzo: Scientist posachedwapa (zomwe) anaipanga zasayansi nyama. Pa wailesi konsati wa Shostakovich yasayansi (kodi?) Anaipanga nyama zasayansi. Chitsanzo china: woipa amene amabweretsa (zomwe) Prince anavulazidwa ndi mpeni. mawu anu (iwo anachita chiyani?) zinandiwawa mtima.

mathero Personal kwa kasewenzetsedwe ka mau

Conjugation wa kasewenzetsedwe ka mau - amatha kusintha kwa munthu ndi chiwerengero. Only awiri a iwo. Rule conjugation kumatithandiza kuthana ndi mmene kulemba mapeto a kasewenzetsedwe ka mau, ntchito mu mawonekedwe a choyamba, chachiwiri, munthu wachitatu, ngati iwo anatsindika. M'pofunika kumbukirani kuti chachiwiri conjugation kasewenzetsedwe ka mau onse a infinitive kutha mu -it. Pali yekha kupatulapo awiri - mawu amete ndi kuyala adzagwiritsa ntchito kwa conjugation choyamba.

The conjugation oyamba kasewenzetsedwe ka mau ena onse. Koma apa kwambiri pali kuchotserapo kuti tiyenera kukumbukira: 7 kasewenzetsedwe ka mau kutha mu -et infinitive mneni ndi 4 -at pa. Iwo savuta kukumbukira nyimbo ndi:

Kuyendetsa, gwirani onani Tapenya
kupuma, kumva, chidani,
ndipo likulakwitsa, koma kupirira,
ndipo amadalira inde twirl.

Kasewenzetsedwe ka mau anapanga platformers njira ya stopwords deta komanso a sanasainewo: onani, nsomba, kugona, kumva, etc ...

Monga ife otchulidwa, ndi conjugation wa kasewenzetsedwe ka mau - amene amachititsa n'zotheka kupewa mu kalembedwe wa mathero unstressed wa mneni. Nawa mathero patokha kasewenzetsedwe ka mau mu Ine ndi II conjugation.

ndi ndondomeko ya zochita posankha kulemba kutha kwa mneni wa chiweruzo "Amuna kol..t nkhuni" n'chiyani? Sinthani verebu mu kalekale kuti: kubaya. Limatha ndi -ot ndi akunyalanyaza sizikhudza Choncho, wa Ine conjugation. Malinga ndi gome, mu munthu wachitatu mochulukitsa, ife kulemba -yut mathero: Man akuigwiritsa nkhuni.

Chitsanzo china: mphepo, chifukwa gon..sh mitambo kum'mwera? Ikani mneni mawonekedwe infinitive - galimoto, kuona -at mathero. Mawu ndidzakhala amatchula conjugation, koma zili m'gulu la kuchotserapo gulu choncho chikukhudza II conjugation. Choncho, mu munthu wachiwiri mmodzi wa mneni ali kothera -ish: Mphepo, chifukwa amazunza mitambo kum'mwera?

anthu mneni

Mneni - ndi gawo ngati wa kulankhula, zingasiyane malingana ndi anthu, koma pamene ntchito kalelo. Mu lirilonse la anthu atatu a mneni, pali mapeto osiyana. Zitsanzo: ine ndikuwona, inu mukuzindikira, iye anati, ife tikuzindikira inu munazindikira akuona.

chiwerengero cha mneni

Mbali imeneyi ya kulankhula m'njira zonse kalembedwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito wosiyanasiyana mmodzi ndi zochuluka. Zitsanzo: wokondedwa alendo kubwera kwa ife. Tinali alendo anafika.

mneni Ndodo

Mneni - ndi mawu ofiira zingasiyane ndi jenda zinachitika kale: Baby kukwawa pansi (chachimuna). Muvi mumafuna maola apitawo (mkazi). Tizilombo pang'onopang'ono kukwawa panjira (neuter).

Ndi zam'tsogolo tenses za liwu la abale simungathe kuzindikiridwa: I kukwawa kudzera m'ngalande (anabadwa -?). Ine imakwawa mtunda zofunika (b -).

transitivity

Mneni - ndi gawo lapadera la kulankhula, yokhala ndi katundu ya kusintha.

• Transitive kasewenzetsedwe ka mau amaphatikizidwa ndi manauni kapena mawu mu mawonekedwe a accusative popanda anawagwiritsira ndi: mverani (chiyani?) Music vdet (ndani?) Giraffe.
• Pakuti kasewenzetsedwe ka mau intransitive ena onse: kulipira (chiyani?) Chifukwa kuyenda, chiyembekezo Pa ena (amene).

mneni belo

chizindikiro cha kalembedwe akuganizira kuti mukupatsidwa kapena chinthu amachita chinthu, ndi kanthu anachita pa izo. Chikolecho chomveka (zochita anachita ndi munthu kapena chinthu) ndi kungokhala chete (kanthu ikuchitika pa munthu kapena chinthu). Zitsanzo: Mlongo kupatsa maluwa (kanthu chikole.). Maluwa anabzala mlongo (stradat. Gawo).

recoverability

Mbali imeneyi ya kulankhula angakhale ndi kubwerera mawonekedwe amene analandira kujowina mapeto a mawu postfix-Xia (-s). Zitsanzo: kusewera - play, play, yopuma - yopuma, yopuma, etc ..

Childs, mawu omwewa kungakhale returnable ndipo sanali refundable, koma pali mawu amene nthawi zonse monga kubwerera. kasewenzetsedwe ka mau amenewa timanyadira ngati, waulesi, funso, etc. Zitsanzo za ntchito :. Ine ndimalota. Mwana mantha mdima. Tonse akuyembekezera maganizo.

udindo syntactic

Mu taitanidwa kuti adzakwaniritse udindo wa kasewenzetsedwe ka mau mkhalidwe ndipo likusonyeza mbali ziwiri. Monga phunziro, ndi mkhalidwe amatanthauza mbali yaikulu ya chiweruzo ndi izo amalenga maziko kalembedwe wa pempholo.

The mneni infinitive amatha osati kukhala mkhalidwe, koma lilinso anthu ena. Zitsanzo: Chikondi - wavala dzuwa pakati (Pankhaniyi mneni kukonda amayankha funso limeneli ndi phunziro?). Ine ndinali ndi maloto kuti apite ku Australia (loto la zimene - kupita ku Australia, apa mneni chimagwira tanthauzo udindo). Ndinafunsa inu kupita ku sitolo (kufunsa chilichonse - kupita ku sitolo, mneni amachita monga adjunct chiweruzo). Tidatuma agogo anga ku chipatala chaching'ono kuchiritsa (anatumizidwa ku chipatala chaching'ono chifukwa - kuchiritsa, cholinga chochitika).

kuti adzimvera

Mneni - ndi imodzi mwa mbali palokha malankhulidwe amene amadziwika zotsatira za chinthu kapena chikhalidwe chake. Iwo ali ndi makhalidwe amenewa morphological monga maonekedwe, transitivity, conjugation, recoverability. Mneni zingasiyane mu maganizo, nambala pano, munthu, jenda. Mu pempholo nthawi zambiri gawo la kulankhula ndi mkhalidwe, ndi infinitive mawonekedwe ndi udindo wa membala aliyense wa m'sentensi.