Kodi msinkhu wa Cathedral St. Isaac ndi Ivan Wamkulu Bell

nyumba achipembedzo nthawizonse zakhala chidwi kukula. mipingo Orthodox ndi belu nsanja - yotero. Ena mwa iwo vzmetayutsya mpaka mamita 100 ndipo zambiri. Kutalika kwa Cathedral ku St. Isaac ndi Ivan Wamkulu Bell akhoza kupikisana ndi mipingo yaitali Orthodox.

Mmodzi wa lalikulu

Choncho angatchedwe Isake Cathedral ku St. Petersburg. Ndipotu - mmodzi wa chofunika kwambiri ndi wokongola kwambiri nyumba ozungulira mu dziko. Ndi kukula kwa kachisi kuposa yekha ndi St. Peter wa tchalitchi (Rome), St. Paul (London) ndipo St. Mary (Florence). Mu Russia, St. Isake Cathedral imatengedwa kukhala pamwamba yekha yomangidwa kumene Cathedral kwa Khristu Mpulumutsiyo mu Moscow, kutalika kwake ndi mtanda ndi mamita 103.

Kutalika kwa Cathedral ku St. Isaac ku St. Petersburg ukufika mamita 101,5. Iwo chimakwirira kudera la mamita lalikulu 4,000. M. Akuti, ndi kulemera onse a kachisi - pafupifupi 300 000 matani. Imodzi akhoza akomere 12 000 anthu. Akuzinga Cathedral 112 monolithic mizati. Kutalika kwa mizati Cathedral St. Isake, kapena m'malo ena a iwo ukufika mamita 17.

Izi pyatikupolny kachisi zazikulu mzikiti amene awiri ndi pafupifupi 25 mamita. Inayi domes ang'onoang'ono anaika belfries zinayi, yomwe ili pa ngodya buku chachikulu cha nyumbayi.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Tsopano alipo St. Isake Cathedral - wachinayi anamanga ku malo awa.

Woyamba mu 1707 inamangidwa Church St. Isake, losavuta, matabwa, koma ndi nsanja mkulu. mpingo inamangidwa pa malamulo a Peter Wamkulu, ndipo kubadwa kwake unachitikira kuika kachisi. Ndipo kuyambira May 30 - kumakhalanso tsiku kulambira St. Isaac Dolmatskogo, mpingo Dzina limeneli. Malinga ndi chigamulo cha Peter zaka ziwiri kusintha kachisi kunachitika. Mu mpingo chomwecho mu 1712, mfumu anakwatira ndi Catherine.

Komabe, mu 1717 pomanga mpingo mwala wa St. Isaki anayamba. Wood lawola ndi nthawi imeneyo. The watsopano mwala mpingo sanali amasiyana kukongola wapadera. Kwambiri ngati Petro ndi Paulo Cathedral. yomanga Linamalizidwa mu 1727. Komabe, umakhala pafupi wa Neva Mtsinje (subsidence) ndi moto chifukwa cha kumenya kwa mphezi m'chaka cha 1735, zinapangitsa dongosolo mu mkhalidwe ziyambe kukonzedwa. Ndipo ngakhale iye anayesera kuti abwezeretse zotsatira wabwino unali zimatheka. Anaganiza dismantle mpingo ndi kumanga, watanthauzo, T. E. Palibe mpingo, ndi Cathedral. Koma ndiye komabe n'zosatheka ndikuganiza amene adzakhala pamwamba pa St. Isake Cathedral komaliza.

Council Chachitatu pansi Catherine II

Yomanga tchalitchi anayamba mkulu wa Catherine II mu 1768. The wamanga wa polojekiti anali A. Rinaldi. Zisanu domes ndi mkulu nsanja anali kukhala pa tchalitchi pa dongosolo wamanga a. Komabe, mpaka kumapeto kuzindikira zolinga zawo analephera. Catherine Wamkulu anafa, nyumbayo chokha kwa eaves wa nyumbayi. Amathandiza inaimitsidwa pa nthawi, A. Rinaldi anapita kwawo.

Mfumu yatsopanoyi posachedwa analamula Paulo kupitirizabe ntchito yomanga tchalitchi ndipo analamula kuti apange wamanga V. Brenna, amene kwambiri kupotoza ntchito choyambirira, makamaka yokhudza kwa domes ndi spiers. Dome ndekha, ndipo yafupika kukula. Chifukwa, kutalika Cathedral St. Isaac ku St. Petersburg, amene anali opatulidwira ku 1802, anali kwambiri poyerekeza ntchito A. Rinaldi. Kachisi kunapezeka ndithu homely.

Mbiri ya yomanga Cathedral masiku St. Isake

Sikuli kogwirizana ndi udindo wa chachikulu cha likulu. Choncho, pasanathe zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri, monga mpikisano analengeza za ntchito yomanga ina. Alexander anapereka chikhalidwe choyamba cha kuteteza maguwa atatu analipo kale. Mmodzi ndi mmodzi, mfumu itakana ntchito akufuna. Pomaliza, kukhala ntchito unapatsidwa kwa achinyamata wamanga Montferrand, Mfalansa. Kumayambiriro a 1818 ntchito yomanga ovomerezedwa ndi mfumu.

A ntchito yapadera, ndipo mu 1819 anaika mwala woyamba chinali kasamalidwe yomanga.

Koma posakhalitsa, ndi Kutsutsa ntchito lidalengedwa ndi wotchuka wamanga A. Modyui. kuzipenya chake chachikulu anali okha fragility la maziko ndi mamangidwe zosayenera m'tchalitchi chachikulu. Anali ntchito rework ndi kuyeretsa, koma mawu onse n'komwe. Only mu 1825, ntchito yomanga potsiriza anavomereza, ndi kumanga tchalitchi anapitiriza. Ine kumaliza mu zaka 40.

May 30, 1858 kudzipereka kwa mpingo watsopano pamaso pa banja lachifumu.

Mwa njira, kutalika Cathedral St. Isaac ndi Ivan Wamkulu Bell mu Moscow nthawi ankaona lofunika kwambiri.

Kuwona nsanja ya Cathedral ndi

Ngati pamaso 1917, Cathedral St. Isake ankaona pa tchalitchi chachikulu St. Petersburg, pambuyo iye anatembenuka mu Museum. Pa Great kukonda dziko lako nyumba ya mpingo si makamaka anakhudzidwa, ngakhale kuti unali chikwapu shrapnel.

Panopa tchalitchi akadali zakale, koma maholide ndi chilolezo Directorate kumeneko imachitika utumiki. Woyamba unachitika mu 1990.

Pa m'khonde la zipilala la tchalitchi inamangidwa nsanja kuonera lomwe limafotokoza maganizo wokondeka wa mzinda. Mukhoza kuona pafupifupi onse zazikulu zowoneka wa St. Petersburg: yozizira Palace, Admiralty, Vasilevsky Island ndi Academy of Tirhana, ndi Senate ndi Synod nyumba ndi ena.

Msinkhu psuu Isaac Cathedral mamita 43. Pamwamba - yekha belu nsanja ya Smolny Cathedral, nsanja kuonera yomwe inamangidwa pa msinkhu wa mamita 50.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti St. Petersburg White usiku malo osewerera St. Isaac padziko koloko.

Ku St. Petersburg ku Moscow

Kutalika kwa Cathedral ku St. Isaac ndi Ivan Wamkulu Bell chidwi kuti anthu okonda mbiri ndi zipilala za zomangamanga Russian. About St. Petersburg tchalitchi mpaka zikunena zonse. Ndi nthawi yopita ku Moscow, pakati penipeni.

Ivana Velikogo Bell Tower lili boma la Russia ndi Cathedral Square. Dzinali zonse - mpingo belu nsanja Ioanna Lestvichnika. Mu 2008, iye anali ndi zaka 500.

Ivan Wamkulu Bell kutalika ukufika mamita 81 (popanda mtanda).

Belu nsanja ya zinthu zakale Mwachitsanzo, mbiri ya Moscow Kremlin. Pali pano ndi zi- sitimayo.

History of Ivana Velikogo belu nsanja

Ena akunena kuti pa malo ano 1329 inamangidwa Mpingo wa Chikhristu Bogoslova Ioanna Lestvichnika, ndi mwapadera "pansi belu". Komabe, patapita anawonongedwa.

Mu 1505-1508 ndi katswiri wa zomangamanga Bon Fryazin anamanga chomwecho woyera mwala ndi njerwa atatu-tiered chipilala, amene kutalika zaka pafupifupi 60 mamita. Mu gawo m'munsi mwachindunji kwa mpingo, mu chapamwamba - mabelu. Kapangidwe The anamangidwira pokumbukira Ivan ndi Chachitatu.

Kenako mpingo anamangidwanso kangapo. Choncho, kutalika kwa zipilala zazikulu wakhala zapita pa Borisov Godunov. Chifukwa, kutalika Ivana Velikogo belu nsanja anayamba angaimbidwenso mamita 81. A pang'ono kale izo zaikidwa belfry ndi cholinga mabelu akuluakulu, koma kachisi wina.

Pa Napoleon ndi kuwukira belu nsanja zowawa, izo pang'ono kuwonongedwa. Mu zaka wotsatira, kunachitika ntchito yobwezeretsa.

mabelu modernity

Panopa belu nsanja Ivana Velikogo belu anasunga 21. Atatu a iwo, yaikulu, anaika pa Filaret alumikiza ndi Belfry - ndi Akukwera (pa 65 matani), Reut (Howler, pafupifupi 33 matani) ndi Semisotnov (matani 13).

Mwachindunji ili pa belo nsanja ya mabelu 18, ndithudi, ang'onoang'ono. Pa gawo pansi asanu a iwo anaika. Mwa njira, mayina awo ali achirendo kwambiri, "Tengelelani", "tsekwe", "Lonse", "Novogorodsky", "Sloboda" ndi "Rostov". Kulemera iwo kwambiri chidwi - kuchokera matani 3 mpaka 7.

The gawo lachiwiri aikidwa mabelu 9, amene kukula ngakhale ang'onoang'ono. Kenako atsopano, gawo lachitatu amene anaika mabelu atatu.

Poyamba, mabelu yonse yapachikika ku matabwa a mtengo, patapita nthawi yaitali zinawapangitsa zitsulo.

Onse belu nsanja Ivana Velikogo belu akuchita. Iwo adzaitana pa maholide.

Pomaliza, tikhoza kuwonjezera kuti, ndithudi, kutalika Cathedral St. Isaac ndi Ivan Wamkulu Bell chidwi. Komabe, kusirira ngakhale wamkulu kumabweretsa maonekedwe awo onse, chifukwa iwo ali kumanja ndi katswiri wa zomangamanga mdziko.