Kodi mazira a eddy ndi otani?

Magetsi satizungulira ife pochita zinthu, komanso m'moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku. Munthu sangadziwe ngakhale kuti mavenda a vortex ndi otani, koma ndi ntchito yomwe amachititsa, amakumana tsiku ndi tsiku. Mwachitsanzo, anthu akhala akuzoloŵera kuyang'ana kuwala mwa kungowonjezera batani la osinthana, popanda kuganizira za zomwe zikuchitika mu ndondomekoyi. Ndipo izo zinachitika mu izi. Choncho, kuti mumvetse zomwe zimabisika pansi pa mawu akuti "Foucault eddy currents" ndi kudziwa momwe zimayambira, nkofunika kukumbukira zinthu za magetsi. Koma poyamba tidzayankha funso lakuti "chifukwa chiyani Foccault"?

Mphepete mwa nyanja ya Arabia DF inayamba kutchulidwa mu ntchito za afilosofi wa ku France, Arago DF. Chifukwa chopanda chifukwa, disiyo idayamba kusinthasintha ndi kasinthasintha kwa muvi. Pa nthawiyi (1824), makhalidwe amenewa sankatha kufotokozedwa, choncho chodabwitsachi chimatchedwa "Arago phenomenon". Zaka zochepa pambuyo pake, wasayansi wina, M. Faraday, atagwiritsa ntchito zochitika za mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi kupita ku zochitika za Arago , adatsimikiza kuti pakadali pano kayendetsedwe ka diski ndi kosavuta kufotokozera kuchokera pa lamulo lofotokozedwa. Malinga ndi zomwe tafotokozazo, maginito opanga maginito amachititsa maatomu a conductor (copper disk) ndipo amachititsa maonekedwe a maulendo omwe amachitidwa kuti aziwongolera. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zamagetsi ndikuti nthawi zonse maginito amayendetsa wokondweretsa. Sikovuta kuganiza kuti mazira a Eddy amapanga malo awo omwe, omwe amagwirizana ndi nthaka, kuwapanga. Mawu akuti "vortex" amachititsa njira yofalitsira mafunde oterewa kwa woyendetsa: mayendedwe awo atsekedwa. Malinga ndi ntchito ya Arago ndi Faraday, fizikiya ya Foucault inaphunzira mosamalitsa mazira ozungulira. Kotero dzina limalandira.

Mitsinje imeneyi imasiyana pang'ono ndi zomwe zimapangidwira. Ngati pali magnetic field (alternating, rotating) ndi woyandikana nawo pafupi, ndiye mitsinje imapangidwira mmenemo chifukwa cha magetsi a magetsi. Mkulu ndi wamkulu kwambiri wophunzitsa, amatha kukhala ndi mphamvu yeniyeni ya mafunde omwe amalengedwa. Ndipo, mazira a eddy nthawi zonse amapanga maginito otere, omwe amatsutsa kusintha koyenda. Pamene vutoli likuwonjezeka, EMF imayendetsa mosiyana, ndipo pamene kuchepa, mmalo mwake, munda wa mazira ozungulira umasunga zamakono. Zomwe tatchulazi zikuchokera ku lamulo la Lenz.

Mosakayikira, sizingatchulidwe ngati mafunde amtunduwu ndi othandiza kapena ovulaza: Nthawi zina amaonedwa kuti ndiwotchi ndi njira zamakono zamagetsi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zichepetse, pamene zina, zomwe zimakhala ndi mafundewo ndizofunikira. Mnyamata aliyense wodabwa kamodzi anali chifukwa cha transformer yotayidwa. Pakatikati (pansi pomwe mphepo ikuwongolera) nthawi zonse sichimangirika, koma imatengedwa kuchokera ku mapulogalamu ochepa kwambiri a zitsulo zamagetsi (amatchedwa sham). Zonsezi zimapangidwa ndi kutsekemera kwa lacquer ndi kuphika ku mgwirizano wodalirika. Nthaŵi zina chimango chimakhala cholimba kwambiri ndi tsitsi lokhalokha. Izi zimakhala zovuta kuti izi zitheke. Pambuyo pake, monga tafotokozera, kuchepa kwakukulu kumayendetsedwe, kumatsutsana kwambiri ndi magetsi omwe ali nawo.

Nthaŵi zina, katundu wina wa mazira a eddy ndi ofunikira. Mwachitsanzo, ntchito yamakina oyendetsera zitsulo zimapangidwa ndi Kutentha kwa anthu ambiri omwe amachititsa kuti magetsi azitsuka chifukwa cha jenereta yapadera. Komanso, iwo amagwiritsa ntchito kudziwa kukhalapo kwa imperceptible zolakwika mu kapangidwe ka zitsulo.