Kodi mafupa kupanga thorax? Mafupa a chifuwa anthu

The anthu dongosolo minofu ndi mafupa tichipeza osakaniza mafupa ambiri ndipo kuti azitha kugwirizana nawo. Mbali yofunika kwambiri - ndi Chigaza, thorax, msana.

Mafupa pachifuwa maselo a anthu anapanga moyo. Mu ndondomeko ya kukula ndi chitukuko ndi izi anatembenukira kwa mafupa a. Pali kusintha osati kukula komanso mawonekedwe a.

Kuti tipeze zomwe mafupa kupanga thorax, ziri zofunika ambiri kudziwa za zigawo zikuluzikulu zonse za dongosolo. Choyamba, tiyeni tikambirane dongosolo minofu ndi mafupa monga lonse.

Mafupa la munthu lili ndi mafupa mazana awiri, kulemera okwana amayezedwa makilogalamu: amuna 10 ndi akazi 7. Mawonekedwe a lililonse mwatsatanetsatane chibadidwe chikhalidwe kotero kuti athe kukwaniritsa ntchito zawo, zomwe kwambiri. Zipangizozo magazi kuti kusinthitsa mafupa, kupulumutsa kwa iwo chakudya ndi mpweya. molekezera mitsempha mutsogolere ayankhe yake zosowa za thupi.

Kapangidwe ka mafupa anthu

Lamavutoli yaikulu Tingaone kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo mwatsatanetsatane. Tiyeni akukhala zofunika kwambiri. Kukhala kosavuta kuphunzira dongosolo la mafupa anthu conventionally yagawidwa m'magawo 4:

- chigaza;

- mafupa a thunthu;

- vertebral ndime;

- chapamwamba ndipo m'munsi ziwalo.

msana ndi maziko dongosolo lonse. msana aumbike mwa m'madipatimenti zisanu:

- khosi;

- sternum;

- tinsalu;

- sacral dera;

- tailbone.

Ntchito ndiponso dongosolo la maziko a chifuwa

Mafupa a chifuwa, chokhala mawonekedwe a piramidi, muli mwa iwo okha ndipo akawachenjeze kunja mawotchi makhalidwe ziwalo zofunika kwambiri: mtima ndi mitsempha ya magazi, mapapo ndi tracheal bronchial nthambi, kum'mero ndi mfundo angapo lymph.

Izi mafupa anapambulwa tichipeza khumi vertebrae, sternum ndi nthiti. Woyamba ndi mbali constituent a maziko a mafupa a. Kuti amakulitsa Bony thorax ndi vertebrae anali wodalirika, aliyense padziko ndi nthiti articular fossa. Njira za ubwenzi walola kuti tikwaniritse mphamvu yapamwamba.

Kodi mafupa kupanga thorax

Mimba - ndi dzina zofala mafupa, yomwe ili patsogolo pa nthiti. Amaona chigawo chimodzi, pali zigawo zitatu:

• kusamalira;
• thupi;
• xiphoid.

Kasinthidwe anatomical wa sternum fupa munthu chimasintha ndi nthawi, mwachindunji zokhudzana ndi kusinthidwa za malo thupi ndi pakati yokoka. Komanso, mapangidwe mafupa ndi kuonjezera mphamvu ya m'mapapo. Transformation wa nthiti ndi zaka angathe kuonjezera matalikidwe a kayendedwe ka sternum ndi kukhazikitsa ufulu kupuma. Yoyenera dipatimenti chitukuko ndi wofunika kwambiri kugwira ntchito za masiku onse lake lonse.

Thorax, amene Tingaone mu pepala chithunzi ali ndi mawonekedwe conical ndi kukhala choncho atatu kwa zaka zinayi. Asanu imasiyana malingana ndi chitukuko cha mabacteria chapamwamba ndipo m'munsi mwa sternum ndi nthiti ndingaliro ngodya ndi kuchuluka. Pa zaka khumi ndi awiri kapena khumi ndi zitatu izo kwathunthu anapanga.

Pa mafupa pachifuwa anthu amakhudza zolimbitsa thupi ndi ndegeyo. Thupi makalasi maphunziro zidzathandiza kukhala ochulukirapo ndi voluminous, ndipo ankafika cholakwika (kwambiri ndi ana asukulu kaimidwe kumbuyo desiki kapena kompyuta tebulo) adzachititsa msana ndi mabungwe onse a mafupa ndi kukhala bwino.

Zimenezi zingachititse kuti kupindika msana, kuwerama, ndi zina kwambiri, ndi mavuto ndi ziwalo. Choncho, onetsetsani yocheza ndi mwana nkhani yophunzitsa za kufunika kaimidwe.

Kapangidwe ka nthiti

Atafunsidwa zimene mafupa kupanga thorax, chinthu choyamba adakumbukira. Nthiti ndi mbali yofunika ya chigawo chino cha mafupa a. Mu mankhwala, awiriawiri onse khumi anawagawa m'magulu atatu:

• nthiti woona - izi ndi woyamba awiriawiri asanu amagwira kwa sternum chigoba hryaschik;
• nthiti onyenga - yotsatira magulu atatu Ufumuyo kuti sternum, ndi chichereŵechereŵe intercostal;
• akuyandama nthiti - ndi awiriawiri komaliza awiri mogwirizana ndi fupa chapakati.

Ali ndi flattened mawonekedwe ndi pore dongosolo. Nthiti ali chichereŵechereŵe ndi fupa zidutswa. iwowa ndi chimafotokozera m'madipatimenti atatu: nthiti thupi, mutu, ndi pamwamba articular. m'mbali zonse ndi maonekedwe a tsamba helical. Kwakukulu kupindika, ndi kuyenda mwa chifuwa, izo zonse zimadalira msinkhu ndi kugonana kwa munthu.

Pa chitukuko yoopsa anomaly anthu zimawonedwa mu nthawi zina, imbaenda ku nthiti zina mu khosi kapena lumbar m'deralo. Komanso, chiwerengero cha m'mbali mwa nyama zazikulu kuposa munthu, ichi ndi chifukwa malo yopingasa thupi.

Tsopano, pamene ife asanaganize mmene mafupa kupanga chifuwa, mukhoza kulankhula za zimene anapanga nsalu iliyonse. Chrixitu zosiyana osati mbali komanso katundu.

fupa minofu

iye Iwo yamanga chigaza, miyendo ndi torso. N'kofunikanso kuti fupa amachititsa mawonekedwe a thupi. Iwo agawidwa:

• coarse-fibered - lililonse kwa magawo oyambirira a chitukuko;
• nsalu pulasitiki - kumatanthauza chilengedwe cha mafupa a.
• chichereŵechereŵe - anapanga hondratsitami ndi zinthu ma ndi osalimba mkulu, iwo amagwira ntchito zothangatira ndi ndife gawo la osiyana mafupa nusu.

maselo ake ali a mitundu iwiri: osteoblasts ndi osteocytes. Ngati inu muyang'ana zikuchokera minofu, zikhoza kuoneka kuti 33% ya tichipeza chakudya, mafuta ndi mapuloteni. yotsala ya udzayesedwa kwa ndi zinthu zochita kupanga monga kashiamu, magnesium fluoride, ndi calcium carbonate, ndipo ena. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti thupi lathu pali citric acid, 90% ya iwo ali minofu fupa.

connective minofu

Bone pachifuwa ananamizira pamodzi ndi minofu chigoba kudzera chichereŵechereŵe ndi tendons. Izi zosiyanasiyana minofu connective. Ndi zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, magazi ndi minofu connective.

Ndi osiyanasiyana zikuwoneka ngati zonse m'thupi amapanga okha. maselo iliyonse ya mtundu umenewu kuchita zosiyanasiyana ntchito, malingana ndi mtundu wanji wa minofu iwo apanga:

• m'munsi ziwalo;
• zimalimbikitsa maselo zimakhala;
• kunyamula mpweya ndi mpweya mu thupi;
• kuphatikiza mitundu yonse ya nsalu, kuchenjeza boma la kuvulala m'mutu.

Monga lagawidwa malinga ndi ntchito kuti:

• unformed lotayirira fibrous;
• wandiweyani fibrous unformed;
• wandiweyani fibrous chokongoletsedwa.

Pawiri Bony thorax ikuchitika the web fibrous ku gulu loyamba. Iwo ali lotayirira kapangidwe kuti silipita Mitsempha molekezera mitsempha. Iye kutseka ziwalo Chrixitu mu chifuwa ndi pamimba.

Msana - maziko a mafupa a

Izi zimathandiza kusunga msana ndi kumbuyo kumathandiza ziwalo zofewa ndipo zimakhala. Msana ndi chifuwa akukhudzana ntchito yofunika: zimathandiza kusunga M'mimbamo mu malo ankafuna.

Iwo aumbike makumi awiri - makumi anayi vertebrae, amene mabowo kwa ndime ya chingwe msana. Zimenezi zimathandiza maziko abwino kuteteza ubongo wathu.

The zimbale intervertebral ndi lopangidwa fibrocartilage, chimalimbikitsa sayenda msana. Chinthu chofunika akuti ndi mwayi kuti iye kupinda. Izi zimapangitsa kuti athe "zophukiranso", limene, zodabwitsa, jolts pamene akuthamanga ndi kuyenda damped kuteteza mafupa kuchokera zodabwitsa.

ntchito zofunika

Popeza dongosolo minofu ndi mafupa ndi kwakukulukulu fupa, ndiye anapatsidwa udindo ake mu thupi, kodi tiyenera kuchita chimodzimodzi za maziko a thupi ndi za pachifuwa yekha. Choncho, ntchito:

• thandizo;
• nawo mchere ndi mafuta kagayidwe;
• chitetezo
• mawotchi.

Nkofunika kudziwa zimene zili mu thupi lathu ndi zimene njira kutenga malo mu izo, ntchito ndi mmodzi kapena mbali zina za mafupa, kodi kukhala ndi kuulimbitsa. Izi zingathandize kuletsa matenda ena ndi moyo wonse, kusewera masewera, ndi zinthu lapamtima.